Trastorno obsesivo-compulsivo de la personalidad

· Anankastic personality disorder ICD-10 F60.5 ICD-9 301.4 OMIM {{{OMIM}}} EnfermedadesDB {{{EnfermedadesDB}}} Medline Plus {{{Medline Plus}}} eMedicina {{{eMedicineSubj}}}/{{{eMedicineTema}}} Malla {{{Número de malla}}} Trastorno obsesivo-compulsivo de la personalidad (OCPD), or anankastic personality disorder, is a cluster C personality disorder that is characterized by a general psychological inflexibility, rigid conformity to rules and procedures, perfectionism, moral code, and/or excessive orderliness. Obsessive-compulsive personality disorder (OCPD) is often confused with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). OCD is ego-dystonic where OCPD is ego-syntonic. This is to say, those with OCD know their behavior is problematic, but the symptoms of OCPD are part of a person's personality and are generally mostly aware of their problematic behaviors that push people away from them, similar to others with different personality disorders. Those who are suffering from OCPD do not generally feel the need to repeatedly perform ritualistic actions (such as excessive hand-washing), while this is a common symptom of OCD. En lugar de, people with OCPD tend to stress perfectionism above all else, and feel anxious when they perceive that things are not "right."  People with OCPD may hoard money for future use, keep their home perfectly organized, or be anxious about delegating tasks for fear that they won't be completed correctly. There are four primary areas that cause anxiety for OCPD personalities: Hora, relación, dirt (uncleanliness) and money. There are few moral gray areas for a person with OCPD; actions and beliefs are either completely right, or absolutely wrong. As might be expected, interpersonal relationships are difficult because of the excessive demands placed on friends, romantic partners, and children. Contents 1 Criterios diagnósticos (DSM-IV-TR) 1.1 Mnemonic 2 Historia 3 Tratamiento 3.1 Psychotherapy 3.2 Medicación 3.3 Other treatments 3.4 Self-help 4 Ver también 5 Referencias 6 External links Diagnostic criteria (DSM-IV-TR) El DSM-IV-TR, un manual ampliamente utilizado para diagnosticar trastornos mentales, defines that for a patient to be diagnosed with obsessive-compulsive personality disorder, they must exhibit at least 3 or more of the following traits: Preoccupation with details, normas, lists, ordenar, organización, bodily functions, or schedules to the extent that the major point of the activity is lost. Showing perfectionism that interferes with task completion (p. ej.., the inability to complete a project because his or her own overly strict standards are not met). Excessive devotion to work and productivity to the exclusion of leisure activities and friendships (not accounted for by obvious economic necessity), Being overconscientious, scrupulous, and inflexible about matters of morality, ethics, or values (not accounted for by cultural or religious identification). Inability to discard worn-out or worthless objects even when they have no sentimental value. Reluctance to delegate tasks or to work with others unless they submit to exactly his or her way of doing things. Adopting a miserly spending style toward both self and others; money is viewed as something to be hoarded for future catastrophes. Showing rigidity and stubbornness. Urge to perfect every little thing. It is important to note that while a person may exhibit any or all of the characteristics of a personality disorder, it is not diagnosed as a disorder unless the person has trouble leading a normal life, due to these issues. Mnemonic A mnemonic that can be used to remember the criteria for obsessive-compulsive personality disorder is LAW FIRMS. L – Loses point of activity (due to preoccupation with detail). Un – Ability to complete tasks (compromised by perfectionism). W – Worthless objects (unable to discard). F – Friendships (and leisure activities) Excluidos (due to a preoccupation with work). Yo – Inflexible, overconscientious (on ethics, valores, or morality, not accounted for by religion or culture). R – Reluctant to delegate (unless others submit to exact guidelines). M – Miserly (toward self and others). S – Stubbornness (and rigidity). History Sigmund Freud first characterized what is now known as "obsessive-compulsive personality disorder" o "anankastic personality disorder" as the anal character. This fixation fits into his theory of psychosexual development. Treatment Treatment for OCPD normally involves psychotherapy and self-help. Medication is generally not indicated for this personality disorder in isolation, but Prozac has been prescribed with success. Anti-anxiety medication will reduce the feeling of fear and SSRI's can replace the chronic frustration with a sense of well-being, as well as reducing stubbornness and negative rumination. A mild tranquilizer can reduce alcohol dependence, if present. ADD medication can improve task completion by improving mental focus, which will provide visible success and improve outlook for recovery. Caffeine allergy may be an exacerbating factor. Keep in mind, aunque, that most people with OCPD will try to deny that anything is mentally wrong with them, so they usually won't ever buy into getting any psychological or medical treatment for the whole irrational mental state, and always while living in denial about it being a mental problem will choose to live without therapy and continue to suffer with it, and let it overpower them. Psychotherapy Behavior therapy — Talking with a psychotherapist about ways to change compulsions into healthier, productive actions. Psychotherapy — Talking with a trained counselor or psychotherapist who understands the condition. Pharmacotherapy - will require an appointment with a psychiatrist who can prescribe medications which can make self-management and participation in other therapies possible and productive. Medication All drugs can be grouped together by how they work (es decir,, their specific mode of action). Approved drugs include: Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (IMAO) — Increases levels of the neurotransmitters known to influence behavioral patterns in the brain, such as serotonin. This helps control the obsessions and compulsions. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) — Increases levels of serotonin in the brain, known to influence the obsessions and compulsions. Other drugs such anxiolytics are useful for treating the symptoms of anxiety commonly associated with OCPD. Other treatments Electroconvulsive Therapy — Involves the administration of brief electrical impulses to the head while under general anesthesia, which may help to reduce obsessive and compulsive behavior (for the severely ill). Neurocirugía — In special cases, surgery on the specific part of the brain that is involved with OCPD may help to alleviate the obsessions and compulsions (for severe, intractable OCPD). Self-help Please expand this article. Esta plantilla se puede encontrar en la página de discusión del artículo., donde puede haber mas informacion. Alternativamente, se puede encontrar más información en Solicitudes de expansión. Elimine este mensaje una vez que se haya ampliado el artículo.. Educating family and friends about the condition will help them to manage behavioral problems more sympathetically, and to watch out for the warning signs. Support groups may also be helpful in accepting and changing obsessive-compulsive behaviors. Relaxation, meditation, physical exercise, regular sleep, and a balanced diet are all important factors in maintaining this focus. Consult your healthcare provider if you are having difficulty sleeping and/or you are experiencing problems that prevent you from taking regular exercise. Keeping a diary may help the individual to identify those stressful situations that help to trigger compulsive reactions, enabling them to focus on more constructive activities. Retained items, the result of hoarding, should be released, simultaneously reducing the shame associated with hoarding. Hiring an assistant to cull hoarded, collected, and stored items will facilitate the process, just as a therapist facilitates the work of releasing psychological baggage. Anankastic PD: History of the disorder Historical sources Famous clinicians Obsessive-compulsive PD: Epidemiology Obsessive-compulsive PD: Incidence Obsessive-compulsive PD: Prevalence Obsessive-compulsive PD: Morbidity Obsessive-compulsive PD: Mortality Obsessive-compulsive PD: Racial distribution Obsessive-compulsive PD: Age distribution Obsessive-compulsive PD: Sex distribution Obsessive-compulsive PD: Risk factors Obsessive-compulsive PD: Known evidence of risk factors Obsessive-compulsive PD: Theories of possible risk factors Obsessive-compulsive PD: Etiology Obsessive-compulsive PD: Known evidence of causes Obsessive-compulsive PD: Theories of possible causes Obsessive-compulsive PD: Diagnóstico & evaluation Obsessive-compulsive PD: Psychological tests Obsessive-compulsive PD: Para. 7(1) Feb 1997, 45-49. Cavenar, J. O., & Spaulding, J. G. (1977). Depressive disorders and religious conversions: Revista de Enfermedades Nerviosas y Mentales Vol 165(3) Sep 1977, 209-212. Cechakova, Un., Tumova, S., & Vojtik, V. (1977). Obsessional syndrome as a result of minimal brain dysfunction in an adolescent: Cesko-Slovenska Psychiatrie Vol 73(5) Oct 1977, 329-335. Celani, D. P. (2007). A structural analysis of the obsessional character: A Fairbairnian perspective: The American Journal of Psychoanalysis Vol 67(2) Jun 2007, 119-140. Chapman, Un. L., Lynch, T. R., Rosenthal, M. Z., Cheavens, J. S., Smoski, M. J., & Krishnan, K. R. R. (2007). Risk aversion among depressed older adults with obsessive compulsive personality disorder: Cognitive Therapy and Research Vol 31(2) Apr 2007, 161-174. Chessick, R. D. (2001). OCD, OCPD: Acronyms do not make a disease: Psychoanalytic Inquiry Vol 21(2) 2001, 183-207. Chirico, B. M. (1981). Decoding of verbal and nonverbal communication by the obsessive and hysteric personality: Resúmenes de disertación internacional. Chonko, L. B. (1983). Job involvement as obsession-compulsion: Some preliminary empirical findings: Informes psicológicos vol. 53(3, Pt 2) Dic 1983, 1191-1197. Claes, L., Vandereycken, W., & Vertommen, H. (2002). Impulsive and compulsive traits in eating disordered patients compared with controls: Personalidad y diferencias individuales vol. 32(4) Estropear 2002, 707-714. Clark, D. Un., & Bolton, D. (1985). Obsessive-compulsive adolescents and their parents: A psychometric study: Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry Vol 26(2) Estropear 1985, 267-276. clemens, N. Un. (2005). Compulsive personalities and Ingmar Bergman's Wild Strawberries: Revista de práctica psiquiátrica vol. 11(6) Nov 2005, 402-404. Coles, M. E., Caballo pinto, Un., Mancebo, M. C., Rasmussen, S. Un., & Eisen, J. L. (2008). OCD with comorbid OCPD: A subtype of OCD? : Revista de Investigación Psiquiátrica Vol 42(4) Estropear 2008, 289-296. Comstock, B. S. (1995). "Retributive rage: The case of Roger": Comentario: Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior Vol 25(2) Suma 1995, 311-313. Tonelero, Un. M. (1987). Histrionic, narcissistic, and compulsive personality disorders. Nueva York, NY: Cambridge University Press. Cornfield, R. B., & Malen, R. L. (1978). A multidimensional view of the obsessive character: Psiquiatría Integral Vol. 19(1) ene-feb 1978, 73-78. Crane, Un. M., Roberts, M. E., & Treasure, J. (2007). Are obsessive-compulsive personality traits associated with a poor outcome in anorexia nervosa? A systematic review of randomized controlled trials and naturalistic outcome studies: Revista Internacional de Trastornos de la Alimentación Vol 40(7) Nov 2007, 581-588. Crittenden, R. L. (1974). An exploration into the theoretical aspects of obsessive-compulsive behavior as defined by Eysenck and Kell and Burow: Resúmenes de disertación internacional. Curci, M. (1990). Exposure with response prevention, Rational Emotive Therapy, and relaxation therapy in the treatment of obsessive-compulsives: Resúmenes de disertación internacional. Dalton, P. (1983). Family treatment of an obsessive-compulsive child: Un informe de caso: Vol. Proceso Familiar 22(1) Estropear 1983, 99-108. davies, T. W., & De Monchaux, C. (1973). Mood changes in relation to personality and the excretion of 3-methoxy-4-hydroxy-mandelic acid: Medicina Psicosomática Vol 35(3) Mayo 1973, 205-214. Davis, C., Kaptein, S., Kaplan, Un. S., Olmsted, M. PAGS., & lado del bosque, D. B. (1998). Obsessionality in anorexia nervosa: The moderating influence of exercise: Medicina Psicosomática Vol 60(2) Mar-Abr 1998, 192-197. de Tychey, C. (1992). Neurotic depression and obsessive personality structure: The contribution of the Rorschach Test administered via classical and psychoanalytic methods: Bulletin de la Societe du Rorschach et des Methodes Projectives de Langue Francaise No 36 1992, 125-144. Diaferia, G., Bianchi, Yo., Bianchi, M. L., Cavedini, PAGS., & et al. (1997). Relationship between obsessive-compulsive personality disorder and obsessive-compulsive disorder: Psiquiatría Integral Vol. 38(1) ene-feb 1997, 38-42. Donovan, J. M. (1987). Brief dynamic psychotherapy: Toward a more comprehensive model: Psiquiatría: Journal for the Study of Interpersonal Processes Vol 50(2) Mayo 1987, 167-183. Druss, R. G. (1976). Indecision and orality: International Review of Psycho-Analysis Vol 3(2) 1976, 203-207. Eisen, J. L., Coles, M. E., Ella a, M. T., Pagano, M. E., Stout, R. L., Yen, S., et al. (2006). Clarifying the convergence between obsessive compulsive personality disorder criteria and obsessive compulsive disorder: Journal of Personality Disorders Vol 20(3) Jun 2006, 294-305. Elhardt, S. (1978). Partner problems specific to personality structure: Praxis der Psychotherapie und Psychosomatik Vol 23(1) Feb 1978, 27-40. Fedoroff, Yo., Sobell, L. C., Agraval, S., Sobell, M. B., & Gavin, D. R. (1999). Evaluation of the Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (YBOCS-hd) for heavy drinking with mild to moderately dependent alcohol abusers: Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research Vol 23(9) Sep 1999, 1477-1483. Ferguson, R. M. (1992). An analysis of the relationship between obsessive-compulsive personality, running addiction and running commitment in elite runners: Resúmenes de disertación internacional. Ferraro, F. R., Plaud, J. J., Jones, D., & McManus, G. (1997). Relationship of Maudsley Obsessional-Compulsive Inventory subscales with negative priming: Revista de psicología general vol. 124(3) Jul 1997, 341-349. Figueira, Yo., Nardi, Un. E., Mendlowicz, M., Marques, C., & Versiani, M. (1997). The impact of the SSRIs on personality traits and compulsive behaviors -- Case reports. Serie psicofarmacologia - 60: Jornal Brasileiro de Psiquiatria Vol 46(4) Apr 1997, 227-230. Fink, H. K. (1963). Guilt and the obsessive-compulsive neurotic personality: Samiksa 17(2) 1963, 82-96. Foa, E. B., Steketee, G., & Milby, J. B. (1980). Differential effects of exposure and response prevention in obsessive-compulsive washers: Revista de Consultoría y Psicología Clínica Vol. 48(1) Feb 1980, 71-79. Fogliani Messina, T. M., Fogliani, Un. M., & Caruso, G. (1982). Obsessive and hysteric characteristics in the Rorschach and field dependence-independence in the EFT: Archivo de Psicología, Neurología y Psiquiatría Vol. 43(2) Abr-Jun 1982, 236-241. Fogliani Messina, T. M., Fogliani, Un. M., & Caruso, G. (1982). Obsessive and hysteric characteristics in the Rorschach and field dependencendependence in the EFT: Archivo de Psicología, Neurología y Psiquiatría Vol. 43(2) Abr-Jun 1982, 236-241. Fossati, Un., Beauchaine, T. PAGS., Grazioli, F., Borroni, S., Carretta, Yo., De Vecchi, C., et al. (2006). Confirmatory Factor Analysis of DSM-IV Cluster C Personality Disorder Criteria: Journal of Personality Disorders Vol 20(2) Apr 2006, 186-203. Fransella, F. (1974). Thinking and the obsessional. Oxford, Inglaterra: Methuen & Co. Frazier, J. G. (1975). An investigation of daydreaming in obsessive-compulsive and hysterical personalities: Resúmenes de disertación internacional. Freeston, M. H., & Ladouceur, R. (1993). Appraisal of cognitive intrusions and response style: Replication and extension: Investigación y terapia del comportamiento vol. 31(2) Feb 1993, 185-191. Freeston, M. H., Ladouceur, R., Thibodeau, N., & Gagnon, F. (1991). Cognitive intrusions in a non-clinical population: Yo. Response style, subjective experience, and appraisal: Investigación y terapia del comportamiento vol. 29(6) 1991, 585-597. Furman, E. (1971). Some thoughts on reconstruction in child analysis: The Psychoanalytic Study of the Child Vol 26 1971, 372-385. Gabbard, G. O., & Newman, C. F. (2005). Psychotherapy of obsessive-compulsive personality disorder. Nueva York, NY: Oxford University Press. Gaillard, J. M. (1990). Trial therapy model of initial interview and its major functions: III: International Journal of Short-Term Psychotherapy Vol 5(2) Apr 1990, 107-119. Gallagher, N. G., Sur, S. C., & Oltmanns, T. F. (2003). Attentional coping style obsessive-compulsive personality disorder: A test of the intolerance of uncertainty hypothesis: Personalidad y diferencias individuales vol. 34(1) Ene 2003, 41-57. Gallant, D. M. (1988). Clinical indications for antianxiety agents. Nueva York, NY: W W Norton & Co. Garamoni, G. L., & Schwartz, R. M. (1986). Type A behavior pattern and compulsive personality: Toward a psychodynamic-behavioral integration: Revisión de psicología clínica vol. 6(4) 1986, 311-336. Gatellier, C., & Forgue, M. (1975). Dysorthography and anxiety: Revue de Neuropsychiatrie Infantile et d'Hygiene Mentale de l'Enfance Vol 23(7) Jul 1975, 449-463. Gibb, G. D., Muralla exterior, J. R., Mejor, R. H., & Lambirth, T. T. (1983). The measurement of the obsessive-compulsive personality: Educational and Psychological Measurement Vol 43(4) Victoria 1983, 1233-1238. Gibbs, N. Un. (1997). Attentional coping style in obsessive-compulsive personality disorder: A test of the intolerance of uncertainty hypothesis. Resúmenes de disertación internacional: Sección B: Las Ciencias y la Ingeniería. Gibbs, N. Un., & Oltmanns, T. F. (1995). The relation between obsessive-compulsive personality traits and subtypes of compulsive behavior: Journal of Anxiety Disorders Vol 9(5) Sep-Oct 1995, 397-410. Gibson, D. L. (1983). The obsessive personality and the evangelical: Journal of Psychology and Christianity Vol 2(3) Fal 1983, 30-35. Giella, P. (1983). Obsessive-compulsiveness and depression in men: Their effects on a stoic worldview: Resúmenes de disertación internacional. Gilmore, K. (1999). Rebecca's analysis. Madison, Connecticut: Prensa Universidades Internacionales, Inc. Glickauf-Hughes, C., & Pozos, M. (1995). Narcissistic characters with obsessive features: Diagnostic and treatment considerations: The American Journal of Psychoanalysis Vol 55(2) Jun 1995, 129-143. Goldstein, W. N. (1985). Obsessive-compulsive behavior, DSM-III, and a psychodynamic classification of psychopathology: Revista americana de psicoterapia vol. 39(3) Jul 1985, 346-359. Grad, L. R., Pelcovityz, D., Olson, M., matthews, M., & et al. (1987). Obsessive-compulsive symptomatology in children with Tourette's syndrome: Revista de la Academia Estadounidense del Niño & Adolescent Psychiatry Vol 26(1) Ene 1987, 69-73. Grayson, J. B., Foa, E. B., & Steketee, G. (1982). Habituation during exposure treatment: Distraction vs attention-focusing: Investigación y terapia del comportamiento vol. 20(4) 1982, 323-328. Greenwood, V. B. (1979). The effect of the interviewer's status upon the linguistic style and impact messages generated by the obsessive personality: Resúmenes de disertación internacional. Greve, K. W., & Adams, D. (2002). Treatment of features of obsessive-compulsive personality disorder using carbamazepine: Psiquiatría y Neurociencias Clínicas Vol. 56(2) Apr 2002, 207-208. Grilo, C. M. (2004). Diagnostic efficiency of DSM-IV criteria for obsessive compulsive personality disorder in patients with binge eating disorder: Investigación y terapia del comportamiento vol. 42(1) Ene 2004, 57-65. Grilo, C. M., Skodol, Un. E., Gunderson, J. G., Sanislow, C. Un., Stout, R. L., Ella a, M. T., et al. (2004). Longitudinal diagnostic efficiency of DSM-IV criteria for obsessive-compulsive personality disorder: A 2-year prospective study: Acta psiquiátrica Scandinavica vol. 110(1) Jul 2004, 64-68. Grube, M., & Weigand-Tomiuk, H. (2001). Operationalized & Psiquiatría Biológica Vol 23(8) Nov 1999, 1329-1344. Parker, Z., & Stewart, E. (1994). School consultation and the management of obsessive-compulsive personality in the classroom: Adolescence Vol 29(115) Fal 1994, 563-574. Perez, M., Marrón, J. S., Vrshek-Schallhorn, S., Johnson, F., & Carpintero, T. E., Jr. (2006). Differentiation of obsessive-compulsive-, panic-, obsessive-compulsive personality-, and non-disordered individuals by variation in the promoter region of the serotonin transporter gene: Journal of Anxiety Disorders Vol 20(6) 2006, 794-806. Pfohl, B., & Blum, N. (1995). Trastorno obsesivo-compulsivo de la personalidad. Nueva York, NY: Prensa Guilford. Pfohl, B., & Blum, N. S. (1991). Trastorno obsesivo-compulsivo de la personalidad: A review of available data and recommendations for DSM-IV: Journal of Personality Disorders Vol 5(4) Victoria 1991, 363-375. Pichot, PAGS., Perse, J., & Somogyi, M. (1977). Psychometrics and psychoanalysis: The anal-fixation stage: Annales Medico-Psychologiques Vol 1(5) Mayo 1977, 786-791. Pirot, M. (1986). The pathological thought and dynamics of the perfectionist: Individual Psychology: Journal of Adlerian Theory, Investigar & Practice Vol 42(1) Estropear 1986, 51-58. Plevell-Omdahl, J. M. (1992). The relationship of obsessive-compulsive characteristics to impression accuracy and perceptions of self and others: Resúmenes de disertación internacional. Pollak, J. (1987). Obsessive-compulsive personality: Theoretical and clinical perspectives and recent research findings: Journal of Personality Disorders Vol 1(3) Fal 1987, 248-262. Pollak, J. (1987). Relationship of obsessive-compulsive personality to obsessive-compulsive disorder: A review of the literature: Journal of Psychology: Interdisciplinary and Applied Vol 121(2) Estropear 1987, 137-148. Pollak, J. M. (1977). Relationships between obsessive personality, death anxiety, and self actualization: Resúmenes de disertación internacional. Pollak, J. M. (1979). Obsessive-compulsive personality: Una reseña: Psychological Bulletin Vol 86(2) Estropear 1979, 225-241. Prichep, L. S., Mas, F., Hollander, E., Liebowitz, M. R., & et al. (1993). Quantitative electroencephalographic subtyping of obsessive-compulsive disorder: Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging Vol 50(1) Apr 1993, 25-32. Primac, D. W. (1993). Measuring change in a brief therapy of a compulsive personality: Informes psicológicos vol. 72(1) Feb 1993, 309-310. Pujol, R., & Savy, Un. (1981). Clinical view of obsessions: Confrontations Psychiatriques No 20 1981, 35-55. Rabavilas, Un. D., Boulougouris, J. C., Perissaki, C., & Stefanis, C. N. (1979). Pre-morbid personality traits and responsiveness to flooding in obsessive-compulsive patients: Investigación y terapia del comportamiento vol. 17(6) 1979, 575-580. Rabavilas, Un. D., & et al. (1980). Relation of obsessional traits to anxiety in patients with ulcerative colitis: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics Vol 33(3) 1980, 155-159. Rafnsson, F. D., & Smari, J. (2001). Chronic thought suppression and obsessionality: The relationships between the White Bear Suppression Inventory and two inventories of obsessive-compulsive symptoms: Personalidad y diferencias individuales vol. 30(1) Ene 2001, 159-165. Raja, M., & Azzoni, Un. (2007). The Impact of Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder on the Suicidal Risk of Patients with Mood Disorders: Psychopathology Vol 40(3) 2007, 184-190. Rasmussen, P. R. (2005). The Compulsive Prototype (Obsessive-Compulsive). Washington, DC: Asociación Americana de Psicología. Junco, G. F. (1977). Obsessional cognition: Performance on two numerical tasks: Revista Británica de Psiquiatría Vol 130 Feb 1977, 184-185. Junco, G. F. (1977). Obsessional personality disorder and remembering: Revista Británica de Psiquiatría Vol 130 Feb 1977, 177-183. Junco, G. F. (1977). The obsessional-compulsive experience: A phenomenological reemphasis: Filosofía & Phenomenological Research Vol 37(3) Estropear 1977, 381-385. Rinieris, P. M., Stefanis, C. N., & Rabavilas, Un. D. (1980). Obsessional personality traits and ABO blood types: Neuropsicobiología Vol 6(3) 1980, 128-131. Roberts, J. S., Anton, R. F., Latham, P. K., & Moak, D. H. (1999). Factor structure and predictive validity of the Obsessive Compulsive Drinking Scale: Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research Vol 23(9) Sep 1999, 1484-1491. Roper, G., & Rachman, S. (1976). Obsessional-compulsive checking: Experimental replication and development: Investigación y terapia del comportamiento vol. 14(1) 1976, 25-32. Rosa, K. V., & Tallis, F. (1995). Investigation into the relationship between personality traits and OCD: Investigación y terapia del comportamiento vol. 33(4) Mayo 1995, 445-450. Rosenbaum, R. L. (1981). Obsessional memory, cognición, and multi-path processing: Resúmenes de disertación internacional. Roth, R. M., & Baribeau, J. (2000). The relationship between schizotypal and obsessive-compulsive features in university students: Personalidad y diferencias individuales vol. 29(6) Dic 2000, 1083-1093. Rotter, M., & Buen hombre, W. K. (1993). The relationship between insight and control in obsessive-compulsive disorder: Implications for the insanity defense: Bulletin of the American Academy of Psychiatry & the Law Vol 21(2) 1993, 245-252. Rousal, J., & Brichcin, S. (1971). The case of mysophilia: Ceskoslovenska Psychiatrie Vol 67(3) Jun 1971, 176-180. Roy, Yo., & Lamontagne, Y. (1976). Behavior therapy techniques in the treatment of ruminations: Una reseña: Vie medicale au Canada francais Vol 5(9) Sep 1976, 958-963. Rubino, Yo. Un., Greco, E., Zanna, V., & Pezzarossa, B. (1994). Microgenetic styles in histrionic and obsessive-compulsive personality disorders: Habilidades Perceptuales y Motoras Vol. 78(1) Feb 1994, 51-60. Rubino, Yo. Un., Sonnino, Un., & Tonini, G. (1992). Perceptual strategies of isolation in obsessive-compulsive personality disorder: Habilidades Perceptuales y Motoras Vol. 74(3, Pt 1) Jun 1992, 979-992. Sachs, M. S. (1972). Aspects of the phenomenology of cause-and-effect thinking: Dissertation Abstracts International Vol. Saidel, D. R., & Babineau, R. (1976). Prolonged LSD flashbacks as conversion reactions: Revista de Enfermedades Nerviosas y Mentales Vol 163(5) Nov 1976, 352-355. Salzman, L. (1979). Psychotherapy of the obsessional: Revista americana de psicoterapia vol. 33(1) Ene 1979, 32-40. Salzman, L. (1993). Narcissism and obsessionalism: An interpersonal psychoanalytic approach. Nueva York, NY: Prensa de la Universidad de Columbia. Salzman, L., & Thaler, F. H. (1981). Obsessive-compulsive disorders: A review of the literature: Revista Americana de Psiquiatría Vol 138(3) Estropear 1981, 286-296. Sanavio, E., & Vidotto, G. (1985). The components of the Maudsley Obsessional-Compulsive Questionnaire: Investigación y terapia del comportamiento vol. 23(6) 1985, 659-662. Sarason, Yo. G. (1969). Review of The Obsessive Personality: Orígenes, Dynamics and Therapy: PsycCRITIQUES Vol 14 (9), Sep, 1969. Schaub, D. E. (1994). The relationship between obsessive-compulsive characteristics, professional-developmental factors, and the theoretical orientations of psychotherapists. Resúmenes de disertación internacional: Sección B: Las Ciencias y la Ingeniería. Schneider, R. B. (2006). Rorschach Assessment of Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder. Mahwah, NJ: Editores asociados de Lawrence Erlbaum. Schneidmiller, S. W. (1988). The role of rule-governed behavior in histrionic and compulsive personality disorders: Resúmenes de disertación internacional. Schotte, C., de Doncker, D., Maes, M., Cluydts, R., & et al. (1991). Low MMPI diagnostic performance for the DSM-III--R obsessive-compulsive personality disorder: Informes psicológicos vol. 69(3, Pt 1) Dic 1991, 795-800. Schwartz, H. S. (1980). From Protestant ethic to obsession-compulsion: Job involvement as a moderator of the effects of job scope on job satisfaction: Resúmenes de disertación internacional. Seedat, S., & jarra, D. J. (2002). Hoarding in obsessive-compulsive disorder and related disorders: A preliminary report of 15 Casos: Psiquiatría y Neurociencias Clínicas Vol. 56(1) Feb 2002, 17-23. Serpell, L., Hirani, V., Willoughby, K., Neiderman, M., & Lask, B. (2006). Personality or Pathology?: Obsessive-Compulsive Symptoms in Children and Adolescents with Anorexia Nervosa: European Eating Disorders Review Vol 14(6) Nov-Dic 2006, 404-413. Serpell, L., Livingstone, Un., Neiderman, M., & Lask, B. (2002). Anorexia nervosa: Obsessive-compulsive disorder, obsessive-compulsive personality disorder, or neither? : Revisión de psicología clínica vol. 22(5) Jun 2002, 647-669. Setrakian, H. (2006). A Tragic Tale of Complicity in Spousal Suicide: PsycCRITIQUES Vol 51 (52), 2006. Shader, R. Yo. (2003). Obsessions and compulsions and obsessive-compulsive disorder. Filadelfia, PAPÁ: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Publishers. Shapiro, D. (1991). Aspects of obsessive-compulsive style. Madison, Connecticut: Prensa Universidades Internacionales, Inc. Shaw, B. Un. (1978). Obsessional defenses and reading disabilities in adolescence as seen through art therapy: Art Psychotherapy Vol 5(2) 1978, 61-69. Shehniyilagh, E. (2001). The relationship between depression and two aspects of personality: Perfectionism and obsessive-compulsiveness. Resúmenes de disertación internacional: Sección B: Las Ciencias y la Ingeniería. Shopshire, M. S. (1994). An act-based conceptual analysis of the obsessive-compulsive, paranoid, and histrionic personality disorders. Resúmenes de disertación internacional: Sección B: Las Ciencias y la Ingeniería. Sica, C., Dorz, S., & Novara, C. (2000). Superstition and obsessive-compulsive cognition: Resultados preliminares: Psicoterapia Cognitiva e Comportamentale Vol 6(3) 2000, 279-285. Silverstein, M. L. (2007). Descriptive Psychopathology and Theoretical Viewpoints: Paranoid, Obsessive-Compulsive, and Borderline Personality Disorders. Washington, DC: Asociación Americana de Psicología. Silverstein, M. L. (2007). A Self Psychological Viewpoint: Paranoid, Obsessive-Compulsive, and Borderline Personality Disorders. Washington, DC: Asociación Americana de Psicología. Skodol, Un. E., Pagano, M. E., Bender, D. S., Ella a, M. T., Gunderson, J. G., Yen, S., et al. (2005). Stability of functional impairment in patients with schizotypal, borderline, avoidant, or obsessive-compulsive personality disorder over two years: Medicina Psicológica Vol. 35(3) Estropear 2005, 443-451. Slade, P. D. (1974). Psychometric studies of obsessional illness and obsessional personality. Oxford, Inglaterra: Methuen & Co. Smari, J., Birgisdottir, Un. B., & Brynjolfsdottir, B. (1995). Obsessive-compulsive symptoms and suppression of personally relevant unwanted thoughts: Personalidad y diferencias individuales vol. 18(5) Mayo 1995, 621-625. Smari, J., & Hermodsdottir, Yo. H. (2001). Obsessive-compulsive symptoms, white noise and intrusions of self-relevant negative thoughts in a thought suppression paradigm: Revista escandinava de psicología vol. 42(5) Dic 2001, 453-458. Herrero, P. J. (1983). Personality type: Attentional style and acute pain management: Attention and schematic processing in hysteric and obsessive-compulsive personality types: Resúmenes de disertación internacional. Smokler, Yo. Un. (1977). Cerebral lateralization and personality style: Resúmenes de disertación internacional. Smokler, Yo. Un., & Shevrin, H. (1979). Cerebral lateralization and personality style: Archivos de Psiquiatría General Vol. 36(9) Ago 1979, 949-954. Sorotzkin, B. (1985). The quest for perfection: Avoiding guilt or avoiding shame? : Psychotherapy: Teoría, Investigar, Practicar, Training Vol 22(3) Fal 1985, 564-571. Spano, L. (2001). The relationship between exercise and anxiety, obsessive-compulsiveness, and narcissism: Personalidad y diferencias individuales vol. 30(1) Ene 2001, 87-93. Sperry, L. (2004). Family therapy with a histrionic-obsessive couple. Binghamton, NY: Haworth Clinical Practice Press. Spiegel, R. (1972). Psychotherapy with obsessive-compulsive patients. Oxford, Inglaterra: Charles C Thomas. Stanley, M. Un., Tornero, S. M., & Borden, J. W. (1990). Schizotypal features in obsessive-compulsive disorder: Psiquiatría Integral Vol. 31(6) Nov-Dic 1990, 511-518. Starcevic, V. (1990). Relationship between hypochondriasis and obsessive-compulsive personality disorder: Close relatives separated by nosological schemes? : Revista americana de psicoterapia vol. 44(3) Jul 1990, 340-347. Strauss, J. L. (2001). Patterns and impact of the alliance and affective arousal in psychotherapy: An application to cognitive therapy for avoidant and obsessive-compulsive personality disorders. Resúmenes de disertación internacional: Sección B: Las Ciencias y la Ingeniería. Strauss, J. L., Hayes, Un. M., Johnson, S. L., Newman, C. F., Marrón, G. K., Barbero, J. PAGS., et al. (2006). Early Alliance, Alliance Ruptures, and Symptom Change in a Nonrandomized Trial of Cognitive Therapy for Avoidant and Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorders: Revista de Consultoría y Psicología Clínica Vol. 74(2) Apr 2006, 337-345. Strober, M., Hombre libre, R., Lampert, C., & Diamante, J. (2007). The association of anxiety disorders and obsessive compulsive personality disorder with anorexia nervosa: Evidence from a family study with discussion of nosological and neurodevelopmental implications: Revista Internacional de Trastornos de la Alimentación Vol 40(Supl) Nov 2007, S46-S51. Suppe, L. S. (1993). An empirical investigation of psychodynamic hypotheses of obsessional anxiety utilizing cognitive and electrodermal measures: Resúmenes de disertación internacional. Suzuki, K., Muramatsu, T., Takeda, Un., & Shirakura, K. (2002). Co-occurrence of obsessive-compulsive personality traits in young and middle-aged Japanese alcohol-dependent men: Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research Vol 26(8) Ago 2002, 1223-1227. Sydenstricker, T. (1991). Music therapy: An alternative for psychosis treatment: Jornal Brasileiro de Psiquiatria Vol 40(10) Nov-Dic 1991, 509-513. Tarsh, M. J. (1978). Severe obsessional illness in dizygotic twins treated by leukotomy: Psiquiatría Integral Vol. 19(2) Mar-Abr 1978, 165-169. Tauber, E. S. (1982). Preoccupation with immortality expressive of a negation of life: Contemporary Psychoanalysis Vol 18(1) Ene 1982, 119-132. Tawil, S., Kalmanovitch, J., & Alby, J. M. (1981). Pathology of character and obsessions: Confrontations Psychiatriques No 20 1981, 91-105. Tchanturia, K., Morris, R. G., Anderluh, M. B., Collier, D. Un., Nikolaou, V., & Treasure, J. (2004). Set shifting in anorexia nervosa: An examination before and after weight gain, in full recovery and relationship to childhood and adult OCPD traits: Revista de Investigación Psiquiátrica Vol 38(5) Sep-Oct 2004, 545-552. Tenney, N. H., Schotte, C. K. W., Denys, D. Un. J. PAGS., van Megen, H. J. G. M., & Westenberg, H. G. M. (2003). Assessment of DSM-IV personality disorders in obsessive-compulsive disorder: Comparison of clinical diagnosis, self-report questionnaire, and semi-structured interview: Journal of Personality Disorders Vol 17(6) Dic 2003, 550-561. Terao, T. (2002). Palinopsia and paroxetine withdrawal: Revista de Psiquiatría Clínica Vol 63(4) Apr 2002, 368. terry, W. S., & Barwick, E. C. (1998). Observing-self in memories of obsessive-compulsives: Imagination, Cognition and Personality Vol 18(1) 1998-1999, 59-67. Thomsen, P. H., & Jensen, J. (1994). Obsessive-compulsive disorder: Admission patterns and diagnostic stability: A case-register study: Acta psiquiátrica Scandinavica vol. 90(1) Jul 1994, 19-24. Thoren, PAGS., & et al. (1980). Clomipramine treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder: Yo. A controlled clinical trial: Archivos de Psiquiatría General Vol. 37(11) Nov 1980, 1281-1285. Thoren, PAGS., & et al. (1980). Clomipramine treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder: II. Biochemical aspects: Archivos de Psiquiatría General Vol. 37(11) Nov 1980, 1289-1294. Thornton, C., & russell, J. (1997). Obsessive compulsive comorbidity in the dieting disorders: Revista Internacional de Trastornos de la Alimentación Vol 21(1) Ene 1997, 83-87. Todd, T. (1973). An experimental investigation of Kelly's fixed role therapy with hysterical and obsessive personalities: Dissertation Abstracts International Vol. Toichi, M. (2006). Obsessive and compulsive traits in pervasive developmental disorder: Japanese Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Vol 47(2) 2006, 127-134. Towbin, K. E. (1988). Obsessive-compulsive symptoms in Tourette's syndrome. Oxford, Inglaterra: Juan Wiley & Hijos. Traskman, L., & et al. (1980). Cortisol in the CSF of depressed and suicidal patients: Archivos de Psiquiatría General Vol. 37(7) Jul 1980, 761-767. Trijsburg, R. W. (1982). The genesis of obsessive-compulsive behavior: Gedragstherapie Vol 15(1) Estropear 1982, 49-57. Trijsburg, R. W., & Duivenvoorden, H. J. (1987). Reactive-narcissistic character, obsessional personality and obsessive-compulsive behaviour: A study of the validity of Sandler and Hazari's typology: British Journal of Medical Psychology Vol 60(3) Sep 1987, 271-278. Trimpey, M., & davidson, S. (1994). Chaos, perfectionism, and sabotage: Personality disorders in the workplace: Temas de Enfermería de Salud Mental Vol. 15(1) ene-feb 1994, 27-36. Urban, H. (1985). Pleiotropic tics and early disturbance of ego development: Zeitschrift fur Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie und Psychotherapie Vol 13(3) 1985, 241-252. Vaughan, M. (1976). The relationships between obsessional personality obsessions in depression, and symptoms of depression: Revista Británica de Psiquiatría Vol 129 Jul 1976, 36-39. Villemarette-Pittman, N. R., Stanford, M. S., Greve, K. W., houston, R. J., & Mathias, C. W. (2004). Obsessive-compulsive personality disorder and behavioral disinhibition: Journal of Psychology: Interdisciplinary and Applied Vol 138(1) Ene 2004, 5-22. Wagner, E. E., & Wagner, C. F. (1980). The facade compulsive: A type of latent schizophrenia: Habilidades Perceptuales y Motoras Vol. 50(3, Pt 1) Jun 1980, 831-837. Wakabayashi, Un., & Aobayashi, T. (2007). Psychometric properties of the Padua Inventory in a sample of Japanese university students: Personalidad y diferencias individuales vol. 43(5) Oct 2007, 1113-1123. Caminante, W.-L. (1981). The secret room for problem solving: Australian Journal of Clinical & Experimental Hypnosis Vol 9(2) Nov 1981, 102-103. Weintraub, W. (1974). Obsessive-compulsive and paranoid personalities. Oxford, Inglaterra: Williams & Wilkins. Weishaar, M. (1995). "Retributive rage: The case of Roger": Comentario: Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior Vol 25(2) Suma 1995, 313-316. Weissman, G. F. (1980). The relationship of daydreaming styles to two indicants of character style: Ego defense mechanisms and field-dependence: Resúmenes de disertación internacional. Wellen, D., samuels, J., Bienvenu, O. J., Grados, M., Cullen, B., Riddle, M., et al. (2007). Utility of the Leyton Obsessional Inventory to distinguish OCD and OCPD: Depression and Anxiety Vol 24(5) 2007, 301-306. Pozos, M. C., Glickauf-Hughes, C., & Buzzell, V. (1990). Treating obsessive-compulsive personalities in psychodynamic/interpersonal group therapy: Psychotherapy: Teoría, Investigar, Practicar, Training Vol 27(3) Fal 1990, 366-379. Whitson, E. R. (1984). Oral, obsessive, and hysterical personality and cigarette-smoking behaviors: Resúmenes de disertación internacional. Williams, D. Un. (1979). Personality and vocational choice: Resúmenes de disertación internacional. Winckler, M. M. (1995). Obsessionalism. Hillsdale, NJ, Inglaterra: Prensa Analítica, Inc. Windholz, M. J. (1979). The Character Style Rating Scale: Resúmenes de disertación internacional. Worsley, J. L. (1970). The causation and treatment of obsessionality. Oxford, Inglaterra: John Wright & Hijos. Wu, K. D., Clark, L. Un., & watson, D. (2006). Relations between Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder and personality: Beyond Axis I-Axis II comorbidity: Journal of Anxiety Disorders Vol 20(6) 2006, 695-717. Wyatt, L. M. (1998). Obsessive-compulsiveness and disordered eating in obligatory and non-obligatory exercisers. Resúmenes de disertación internacional: Sección B: Las Ciencias y la Ingeniería. Yampey, N. (1993). Obsessional characteropathy: Revista de Psicoanalisis Vol 50(1) Ene 1993, 179-188. Yovel, Yo., Revelle, W., & Mineka, S. (2005). Who Sees Trees Before Forest? The Obsessive-Compulsive Style of Visual Attention: Ciencia Psicológica Vol. 16(2) Feb 2005, 123-129. Zhang, L., Yang, Y., & Liu, X. (1998). Clinical study on comorbidity in obsessive-compulsive disorder: Chinese Journal of Clinical Psychology Vol 6(2) Mayo 1998, 71-75. Zidanik, M. (2002). Suppression of aggression in regard of some personality disorders: Psiholoska Obzorja/Horizons of Psychology Vol 11(3) 2002, 109-118. External links Obsessive-compulsive personality disorder: A Defect of Philosophy, not Anxiety Article about the characteristics of OCPD by Steven Phillipson OCPD support group Online support group for those with OCPD and their loved ones. Message board, links, and bibliography. Personality Disorder Personality disorder| Psychopathy DSM-IV Personality Disorders Cluster A (Odd) - Schizotypal, Schizoid, Paranoid Cluster B (Dramatic) - Antisocial, Borderline, Histrionic, Narcissistic Cluster C (Anxious) - Dependent, Obsessive-Compulsive, Avoidant Personality disorder not otherwise specified Assessing Personality Disorder MCMI| MMPI| Functional assessment Treating Personality Disorder DBT| TCC| Psychotherapy|Mindfulness-based Cognitive Therapy Prominent workers in Personality Disorder Millon| Linehan This box: view• talk• edit DSM-IV Personality Disorders edit Cluster A (Odd) - Schizotypal, Schizoid, Paranoid Cluster B (Dramatic) - Antisocial, Borderline, Histrionic, Narcissistic Cluster C (Anxious) - Dependent, Obsessive-Compulsive, Avoidant This page uses Creative Commons Licensed content from Wikipedia (ver autores).