Commitment (psychiatric)

· For involuntary treatment in non-hospital settings, see involuntary treatment. Involuntary commitment refers to the widely held practice of using legislation or other mental health laws to forcefully admit an individual to a mental hospital, insane asylum or psychiatric ward against their wills or protests. Many developed countries have mental health laws permitting involuntary commitment in one way or the other. Existing United States laws require a court proceding if an individual is forcefully admitted in excess of a brief period. According to most states in the US, police officers and designated mental health professionals have the legal authority to involuntarily commit an individual for psychiatric evaluation. This authority has been questioned by opponents. If that individual is deemed by the evaluator as needing further commitment to a hospital, a court order is obtained for further involuntary commitment. Doctors, psychologists and/or psychiatrists are required to present written reports to the court and in some cases testify before the judge to justify the involuntary commitment. The person who is involuntarily hospitalized, in some U.S. jurisdictions, dont have access to counsel. In other countres such as India, the commitment is not time-limited and doesn't require reevaluation at fixed intervals. In the US, there are provisions for forcefully commited individuals to appeal legally, the commitment through habeas corpus. This was the case in a famous United States Supreme Court decision in 1975, O'Connor v. Donaldson, when Kenneth Donaldson, a patient committed to Florida State Hospital, sued the hospital and staff for confining him for 15 years against his will when he was not immiently in danger to himself or others and was capable to a minimal degree of surviving on his own. [1] Opponents such as Americans for Civil Liberties have challenged involuntary commitment, including in countries that are part of the Anglo-American sphere. It has been shown that in certain countries the provision of involuntary commitment is used for the suppression of dissent, or in a punitive way. Opponents either favour a trend towards the aboliton or substantial reduction of involuntary commitment[2] via stricter standards for its imposition. In Florida, las estadísticas muestran que 20 percent of the justifiable homicides committed by police in the United States occurred in Florida with the mentally ill being four times more likely to be the victim.[3] The United States Supreme Court, en 1975, ruled that involuntary hospitalization and/or treatment violates an individual's civil rights. This had the bearing on individual states to change their statutes. Actualmente, US law stipulates that an individual must be exhibiting behavior that is a danger to himself or others in order to be held, the hold must be for evaluation only and a court order must be received for more than very short term treatment or hospitalization (typically no longer than 72 horas). This ruling reduced the number of involuntary treatment and hospitalization in the United States.[4] Contenido 1 Arguments for involuntary commitment 1.1 Observation 1.2 Containment of danger 1.3 Treatment of illness 2 Community treatment as an alternative 2.1 Deinstitutionalization 3 United Nations 4 Estados Unidos 4.1 Controversia 4.2 Use with criminals 4.3 Community based treatment 4.4 Conservatorship 4.5 Advance psychiatric directives 5 Australia 5.1 Mechanisms 5.2 Allowed reasons 5.3 Tratamiento 5.4 Community treatment orders 6 Reino Unido 7 Alemania 8 Totalitarian countries 8.1 In the former Soviet Union 9 Involuntary commitment in popular culture 10 Ver también 11 Referencias 12 Notas 13 Further references 14 External links Arguments for involuntary commitment This section does not cite any references or sources. Ayude a mejorar esta sección agregando citas de fuentes confiables. (ayuda, involucrarse!) Unverifiable material may be challenged and removed. This article has been tagged since October 2007. Involuntary commitment has been used for a variety of purposes over the years and in different jurisdictions. There has been considerable debate about these purposes and this has been a factor in leading to the various laws. A number of individuals and groups remain strongly opposed to either all these laws, some of these laws, or some aspects of their application. In most jurisdictions involuntary commitment is specifically directed at people claimed or found to be suffering from a mental illness which impairs their reasoning ability to such an extent that the laws state or courts find that decisions must or should be made for them under a legal framework. (In some jurisdictions this is a distinct proceeding from being "found incompetent.") This decision requires a subjective opinion and is therefore open to error or abuse, both of which have been documented as occurring at different times in various places. There have been numerous official enquiries into such matters around the world and these have often led to legal and system reforms, but there have also been allegations that the requirements for involuntary commitment are "too lenient," with a consequential strengthening of such laws. Involuntary commitment is used to some degree for each of the following headings although different jurisdictions have different criteria. Some allow involuntary commitment only if the person both appears to be suffering from a mental illness and that the effects of this produce a risk to themselves or others. Other jurisdictions have criteria that are broader. Observation This section does not cite any references or sources. Ayude a mejorar esta sección agregando citas de fuentes confiables. (ayuda, involucrarse!) Unverifiable material may be challenged and removed. This article has been tagged since October 2007. Observation is sometimes used to determine if a person warrants involuntary commitment. It is not always clear on a relatively brief examination whether a person is psychotic or otherwise warrants commitment and so sometimes people are admitted for a period to observe their behavior. This period of observation can be helpful in determining the actual diagnosis but can tend to produce an expectation of disease which can alter the perceptions and behavior of the staff. David Rosenhan's paper, "On being sane in insane places",1 demonstrated a variety of problems. In this study a number of volunteers mimicked illnesses to obtain admission to hospital and then subsequently behaved normally. The staff continued to perceive that they were exhibiting signs of the illness diagnosed on admission and treated them as such. This paper has since been criticised by Spitzer² who argued that given the initial "síntomas" presented that the mindset of the staff was not only understandable but that it did not invalidate an ability to diagnose conditions as Rosenhan had claimed. Rosenhan's experiment remains a cautionary tale that informs the teaching of trainee psychiatrists. Containment of danger A common reason given for involuntary commitment is to prevent danger to the individual or society. People with suicidal thoughts may act on these thoughts and harm or kill themselves. People with psychoses are occasionally driven by their delusions or hallucinations to harm themselves or others. People with personality disorders are occasionally violent and can be a danger to the disabled patients as well as the elderly. This concern has found expression in the standards for involuntary commitment of a number of jurisdictions in the U.S. and other countries as the "danger to self or others" standard if someone has a "mental illness" o "mental disorder" (though sometimes explicit exceptions are made, as in Arizona law, in which "abuso de drogas, alcoholism or mental retardation" y "the declining mental abilities that directly accompany impending death" are specifically excepted), [5] sometimes supplemented by the requirement that the danger be "imminent". Sin embargo, it has come under criticism from two directions. Those who are concerned that the "danger to self or others" standard is too narrow and will not permit the commitment of those for whom it is necessary have occasionally advocated that it be replaced by the "gravely disabled" standard. There are others who are concerned that the "danger to self or others" standard is vague and not precisely defined, which could lead to abuse of involuntary commitment. Sin embargo, some people find that the increasingly narrow definition of "danger to self or others" provided by statute and court rulings have to some degree mitigated these concerns. Some of the same people who are concerned about the overbreadth of the "danger to self or others" standard are more concerned about the "gravely disabled" standard, as they find it broader still. The First District Court of Appeal in California, sin embargo, held in Conservatorship of Chambers (1977) (71 Cal.App.3d 277, 139 Cal.Rptr. 357), that the standard was not unconstitutional due to overbreadth or vagueness, and excluded commitment of people whose lifestyles were simply eccentric or unusual. In Wetherhorn v. Alaska Psychiatric Institute (2007),[6] the Supreme Court of the State of Alaska found that a person could not be involuntarily committed under the statute unless his "level of incapacity [es] so substantial that the respondent is incapable of surviving safely in freedom." In In re Maricopa County, (Ariz. Connecticut. App. 1992, 840 P.2d 1042), the court held that "persistently or acutely disabled" was not an unconstitutionally vague standard. The Michigan Mental Health Code provides that a person whose judgment is so impaired that he or she is unable to understand his or her need for treatment and whose continued behavior as the result of this mental illness can reasonably be expected, on the basis of competent clinical opinion, to result in significant physical harm to himself or herself or others may be subjected to involuntary commitment, a provision paralleled in the laws of many other jurisdictions. These types of provisions have been criticised as a sort of "heads I win, tails you lose". Understanding one's "need for treatment" would cause one to agree to voluntary commitment, but the Bazelon Center has said that this "lack of insight" es "often no more than disagreement with the treating professional"[7] and this disagreement might form part of the evidence to support one's involuntary commitment. In Oregon the standard that the allegedly mentally ill person [h]as been committed and hospitalized twice in the last three years, is showing symptoms or behavior similar to those that preceded and led to a prior hospitalization and, unless treated, will continue, to a reasonable medical probability, to deteriorate to become a danger to self or others or unable to provide for basic needs may be substituted for the danger to self or others standard. Treatment of illness It has been established through O'Connor v. Donaldson that an individual cannot be involuntarily committed unless he is a danger to himself or others and that while committed, he must receive appropriate treatment. The case of Rennie v. Klein established that an involuntarily committed individual has a qualified constitutional right to refuse psychotropic medication.[8] Community treatment as an alternative There have been some criticisms of the efficacy or appropriateness of inpatient treatment. Por ejemplo, el "Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) Caracas Declaration of 1990 [...] identified inpatient psychiatric treatment as isolating individuals from the community and thus as an obstacle to recovery."[9] Community treatment is now generally accepted as an alternative. Deinstitutionalization Starting in the 1960s, there has been a worldwide movement toward deinstitutionalization of patients from psychiatric hospitals into community care centers, and this has been matched with efforts at reform of involuntary commitment laws. (In the US from the 1970s onwards a relatively small number of ex-mental patients and former "consumers of psychiatric services" have promoted what they call "mad liberation," often calling for the abolition of involuntary commitment.) In the US in the 1980s there was a return back to institutionalization and less strict commitment laws. Sin embargo, miguel l. Perlin has claimed that throughout this entire period psychiatrists have frequently and as a practice committed perjury during commitment hearings in order to make it more likely that a patient they believe would benefit from commitment will be committed. E. Fuller Torrey, a prominent proponent of involuntary commitment, has stated: It would probably be difficult to find any American psychiatrist working with the mentally ill who has not, at a minimum, exaggerated the dangerousness of a mentally ill person's behavior to obtain a judicial order for commitment [...]. Así, ignoring the law, exaggerating symptoms, and outright lying by families to get care for those who need it are important reasons the mental illness system is not even worse than it is. Torrey also quotes psychiatrist Paul Applebaum as saying when "confronted with psychotic persons who might well benefit from treatment and who would certainly suffer without it, mental health professionals and judges alike were reluctant to comply with the law," noting that in "'the dominance of the commonsense model, the laws are sometimes simply disregarded."4 The general trend worldwide remains one of closing large mental hospitals, increasing the integration of psychiatric treatment into general hospitals and of increasing community care at times using involuntary community treatment where in the past involuntary admission would have been used. United Nations United Nations General Assembly (resolution 46/119 de 1991), "Principles for the Protection of Persons with Mental Illness and the Improvement of Mental Health Care" is a non-binding resolution advocating certain broadly-drawn procedures for the carrying out of involuntary commitment. These principles have been used in many countries where local laws have been revised or new ones implemented. The UN runs programs in some countries to assist in this process. United States This section does not cite any references or sources. Ayude a mejorar esta sección agregando citas de fuentes confiables. (ayuda, involucrarse!) Unverifiable material may be challenged and removed. This article has been tagged since July 2007. Involuntary commitment is governed by state law and procedures vary from state to state. Involuntary commitment is typically used against people diagnosed with, or alleged to have, a mental illness, particularly schizophrenia.[Cómo hacer referencia y vincular a un resumen o texto] In some jurisdictions, laws regarding the commitment of juveniles may vary, with what is the de facto involuntary commitment of a juvenile perhaps de jure defined as "voluntario" if his parents agree though s/he may still have a right to protest and attempt to get released. Sin embargo, there is a body of case law governing the civil commitment of individuals under the Fourteenth Amendment through U. S. Supreme Court rulings beginning with Addington v. Texas in 1979 which set the bar for involuntary commitment for treatment by raising the burden of proof required to commit persons from the usual civil burden of proof of "preponderance of the evidence" to the higher standard of "clear and convincing" evidence.[10] An example of involuntary commitment procedures is the Baker Act used in Florida. Under this law, a person may be committed only if he or she presents a danger to himself or others. A police officer, doctor, nurse or licensed mental health professional may initiate an involuntary examination that lasts for up to 72 horas. Within this time, two psychiatrists may ask a judge to extend the commitment and order involuntary treatment. The Baker Act also requires that all commitment orders be reviewed every six months in addition to insuring certain rights to the committed including the right to contact outsiders. Además, a person under an involuntary commitment order has a right to counsel and a right to have the state provide a public defender if they cannot afford a lawyer. While the Florida law allows police to initiate the examination, it is the recommendations of two psychiatrists that guide the decisions of the court. Controversy The United States Secret Service has acknowledged obtaining involuntary psychiatric hospitalizations of those it believes to be a danger to protectees, without any claim that these "dangerous" individuals are "mentally ill."[Cómo hacer referencia y vincular a un resumen o texto] The possible impact of involuntary commitment on the right of self-determination has been a cause of concern.[11] Critics of involuntary commitment have advocated that "the due process protections... provided to criminal defendants" be extended to them;[12] Lawrence Stevens, an attorney, has more specifically argued that involuntary commitment is a violation of substantive due process under the United States Constitution (see link at end of article). Fred Foldvary has proposed that since judges will not follow the Constitution and continue to subject individuals to involuntary commitment — this is based on the theory that involuntary commitment is unconstitutional — Constitutional amendments should be made depriving judges of the ability to involuntarily commit. Most believers in the theory of reality enforcement also oppose it, and the Libertarian Party opposes the practice in its platform. Thomas Szasz and the anti-psychiatry movement has also been prominent in challenging involuntary commitment. A small number of individuals in the United States have opposed involuntary commitment in those cases in which the diagnosis forming the justification for the involuntary commitment rests, or the individuals say it rests, on the speech or writings of the person committed, saying that to deprive him of liberty based in whole or part on such speech and writings violates the First Amendment. Other individuals have opposed involuntary commitment on the bases that they claim (despite the amendment generally being held to apply only to criminal cases) it violates the Fifth Amendment in a number of ways, particularly its privilege against self-incrimination, as the psychiatrically-examined individual may not be free to remain silent, and such silence may actually be used as "prueba" of his "mental illness".[13] This criticism has motivated the creation, in some jurisdictions, of a similar statutory privilege in this context. There have also been claims that conditions in, o "treatments" commonly performed in, mental hospitals to which individuals are involuntarily committed constitute torture, or are prohibited by the Convention Against Torture. Use with criminals In the 1990s a novel the controversial use of involuntary commitment laws known as "Mentally Abnormal Sexually Violent Predator" laws were enacted in order to hold sex offenders after their terms have expired. (This is generally referred to as "civil commitment," not "involuntary commitment," since involuntary commitment can be criminal or civil). Supporters claim that this is a valid use of involuntary commitment laws, while opponents claim that this is a potentially extremely dangerous way of bypassing the safeguards in the criminal justice system. This matter has been the subject of a number of cases before the Supreme Court, most notably Kansas v. Hendricks. Community based treatment Accompanying deinstitutionalization was the development of laws expanding the power of courts to order people to take psychiatric medication on an outpatient basis. Though the practice had occasionally occurred earlier, outpatient commitment was used for many people who would otherwise have been involuntarily committed. The court orders often specified that a person who violated the court order and refused to take the medication would be subject to involuntary commitment. Conservatorship Involuntary commitment is distinguished from conservatorship, which was used by deprogrammers as a legal means to hold alleged cult victims against their will while talking them out of their faith. In hundreds of cases documented by attorney Jeremiah Gutman, deprogrammers were able to obtain conservatorship orders without having to bring the subject of the order before a judge. Conservatorships have also been used to separate elderly people from their property, ostensibly on the grounds that they are not competent to manage it. The intent of conservatorship or guardianship is to protect the insane, the mentally defective and those under undue influence, such as drug addicts, from the effects of their bad decisions. Sin embargo, this well intended legal process has been abused by unscrupulous persons and has been revised by the California state legislature in response to exposure of its faults in a series published by the Los Angeles Times. Advance psychiatric directives Advance psychiatric directives may have a bearing on involuntary commitment.[14][15] Australia Australia is used as an example of a country where court hearings are not required for involuntary commitment. Mental health law is constitutionally under the state powers. Each state thus has different laws, many of which have been updated in recent years. Mechanisms The usual requirement is that a police officer or a doctor may determine that a person requires a psychiatric examination and may convey them, or have them conveyed to a psychiatric hospital for that purpose. Once at the hospital a doctor, usually a trainee psychiatrist, will either endorse this or order their release. If the person is detained in the hospital then they usually must be seen by an authorised psychiatist within a set period of time. In some states, after a further set period or at the request of the person or their representative, a tribunal hearing is held to determine whether the person should continue to be detained. In states where tribunals are not instituted, there is another form of appeal. Allowed reasons Some states require that the person is a danger to the society or themselves, other states only require that the person be suffering from a mental illness that requires treatment. The Victorian act specifies in part that: "(1) A person may be admitted to and detained in an approved mental health service as an involuntary patient in accordance with the procedures specified in this Act only if— (un) the person appears to be mentally ill; y (b) the person's mental illness requires immediate treatment and that treatment can be obtained by admission to and detention in an approved mental health service; y (c) because of the person's mental illness, the person should be admitted and detained for treatment as an involuntary patient for his or her health or safety (whether to prevent a deterioration in the person's physical or mental condition or otherwise) or for the protection of members of the public; y (d) the person has refused or is unable to consent to the necessary treatment for the mental illness; y (e) the person cannot receive adequate treatment for the mental illness in a manner less restrictive of that person's freedom of decision and action. There are additional qualifications and restrictions but the effect of these provisions is that people who are assessed by doctors as being in need of treatment may be admitted involuntarily without the need of demonstrating a risk of danger. This then overcomes the pressure described above to exaggerate issues of violence to obtain an admission. Treatment In general, once the person is under involuntary commitment, treatment may be instituted without further requirements. Some treatments such as electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) often require further procedures to comply with the law before they may be administered involuntarily. Community treatment orders These can be used in the first instance or after a period of admission to hospital as a voluntary or involuntary patient. With the trend towards deinstitutionalization this is becoming increasingly frequent and hospital admission is restricted to people with severe mental illnesses. United Kingdom In the United Kingdom, the process known in the United States as involuntary commitment is informally known as sectioning, after the various sections of the Mental Health Act 1983 (covering England and Wales), the Mental Health (Northern Ireland) Order 1986 and the Mental Health (Care and Treatment) (Escocia) Act 2003 that provide its legal basis. Germany In Germany, to do Involuntary commitment and Involuntary treatment to a person, there is a tendency more and more to use the Legal guardianship law instead of the Mental health law: The Legal Guardian decides that he/she must go into Mental Hospital and be treated against his/her will, and the police will carry out this decision. This is easier for the police, the municipal offices or the persons who want that he/she against his/her will goes into psychiatry, because a person in psychiatry based on Mental health law has some rights, while a person under Legal guardianship de facto has not. Lawyers in this country also have, according to "Werner Fuss Zentrum", the tendency to abuse the Legal guardianship law for other purposes [16].  Totalitarian countries The neutrality of this section is disputed. Please view the article's talk page section. In totalitarian countries psychiatric imprisonment refers to the involuntary imprisonment of people in a psychiatric institution on the grounds that they are considered insane. People behaving in such a way considered insane by a judge can be put into a mental institution without trial. It is part of both the criminal justice and hospital systems in the totalitarian countries in which it happens, and it often has an ambiguous relationship to these. Activities such as homosexuality and adultery can result in such imprisonment. In the People's Republic of China such facilities are used to imprison and "tratar" dissidents. "Political harm to society" is legally a dangerous mental disorder and the authorities are instructed to arrest those who make anti-government speeches, write reactionary letters or express opinions on domestic and international affairs. In the former Soviet Union Main article: Psikhushka In the Soviet Union, psychiatric hospitals were often used as prisons in order to isolate political prisoners from the rest of society, discredit their ideas, and break them physically and mentally. The official explanation was that no sane person would declaim against Soviet government and communism. Involuntary commitment in popular culture The television series Conviction has shown hearings related to involuntary commitment. Ken Kesey's 1962 novel One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest is a depiction of institutional process in an Oregon asylum, and includes a number of patients under involuntary commitment. See also 5150 (Involuntary psychiatric hold) 5250 (Involuntary psychiatric hold) Baker Act Court referrals Criminal justice DSM-IV Codes Guardianship Healthcare seeking behavior Institutional release Involuntary treatment Outpatient commitment Psychiatric hospital Psychiatric hospital admission Psychiatric hospital discharge Right to treatment Self referral Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV (SCID) Treatment Advocacy Center Ulysses contract References 1 Rosenhan, D.L. (1973). On being sane in insane places. Ciencia, 179, 250-258.  ² Spitzer, R.L. (1975). On pseudoscience in science, logic in remission, and psychiatric diagnosis: A critique of Rosenhan's "On being sane in insane places." Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 84, 442-452.  ³ Perlin, ML. (1993/1994). The ADA and Persons with Mental Disabilities: Can Sanist Attitudes Be Undone? Journal of Law and Health,, 8 JLHEALTH 15, 33-34.  4 Torrey, E. Fuller. (1997). Out of the Shadows: Confronting America's Mental Illness Crisis. Nueva York: John Wiley and Sons. Black Hands of Beijing: Lives of Defiance in China's Democracy Movement, by George Black and Robin Munro, Nueva York: Juan Wiley & Hijos, Inc., 1993.  Notas ↑ O'Connor v. Donaldson, 422 Estados Unidos. 563 (1975). URL a la que se accede en 2007-10-03. ↑ Hendin, Herbert (1996). Suicide in America, 214, W. W. Norton & Company. ISBN 0393313689. ↑ Update the Baker Act. Reprint from The Ledger (Lakeland, Florida). URL a la que se accede en 2007-10-09. ↑ O'Connor v. Donaldson, 422 Estados Unidos. 563 (1975). URL a la que se accede en 2007-10-02. ↑ HTTP://www.psychlaws.org/LegalResources/StateLaws/Arizonastatute.htm ↑ Wetherhorn v. Alaska Psychiatric Institute [] (1980) ↑ HTTP://www.bazelon.org/issues/commitment/positionstatement.html ↑ Rennie v. Klein, 462 F. Supp. 1131 (D.N.J. 1978). treatmentadvocacycenter.org. URL a la que se accede en 2007-10-09. ↑ https://education.cmellc.com/html/involuntarycommitment.html ↑ Hays, Jr. (1989). The role of Addington v Texas on involuntary civil commitment.. URL a la que se accede en 2008-01-22. ↑ Veatch, Roberto M. (1997). Medical Ethics, 2Nd, 305, Jones & Bartlett Editores. ISBN 0867209747. ↑ Hendin, p.214 ↑ Kevin Wadzuk. [? Violations of the Rights of the “Mentally Ill” in the District of Columbia]. ↑ HTTP://bipolar.about.com/gi/dynamic/offsite.htm?site=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bazelon.org%2Fadvdir.html ↑ HTTP://www.nrc-pad.org ↑ Message from "Werner-Fuss-Zentrum [email protected] on Feb 22 2008 in Newsgroup de.sci.medizin.psychiatrie, Message-ID: Further references APA's resolution on psychiatric abuse. (1983).): American Psychologist Vol 38(3) Estropear 1983, 340. Abisch, J. B. (1995). Mediational lawyering in the civil commitment context: A therapeutic jurisprudence solution to the counsel role dilemma: Psicología, Política pública, and Law Vol 1(1) Estropear 1995, 120-141. Achte, K. (1987). Forced psychiatric care in Finland: Ethical aspects: Nordisk Psykiatrisk Tidsskrift Vol 41(4) 1987, 269-271. Adams, N. H., & Hafner, R. J. (1991). Attitudes of psychiatric patients and their relatives to involuntary treatment: Revista de psiquiatría de Australia y Nueva Zelanda, vol. 25(2) Jun 1991, 231-237. Addington, D., & Holley, H. L. (1989). A comparison of voluntary with remanded schizophrenics: El Diario Canadiense de Psiquiatría / La Revue canadienne de psychiatrie Vol 34(2) Estropear 1989, 89-93. Adebimpe, V. B. (1977). Physical violence in the concept of dangerousness: Un informe de caso: Revista Americana de Psiquiatría Vol 134(2) Feb 1977, 203-204. Adeyemo, J. O. (1978). An indigenous ministry of pastoral care for Yoruba Baptists in Nigeria: Resúmenes de disertación internacional. Affleck, G. G., Peszke, M. Un., & Wintrob, R. M. (1978). Psychiatrists' familiarity with legal statutes governing emergency involuntary hospitalization: Revista Americana de Psiquiatría Vol 135(2) Feb 1978, 205-209. Affleck, G. G., Wintrob, R. M., & Peszke, M. Un. (1980). Psychiatrists' evaluations of emergency involuntary hospitalization: Psiquiatría Integral Vol. 21(1) ene-feb 1980, 13-21. Albee, G. W. (1977). Review of Managing madness: The case against civil commitment: PsycCRITIQUES Vol 22 (7), Jul, 1977. Alexander, R. (1993). The civil commitment of sex offenders in light of Foucha v. Louisiana: Justicia Criminal y Comportamiento Vol. 20(4) Dic 1993, 371-387. Alexander, R., Jr. (2004). The United States Supreme Court and the civil commitment of sex offenders: El diario de la prisión vol. 84(3) Sep 2004, 361-378. Alexander, V., Bursztajn, H. J., Brodski, Un., Hamm, R. M., Buena salud, T. G., & Leví, L. (1991). Involuntary commitment. Baltimore, MD: Williams & Wilkins Co. Alexius, B., Iceberg, K., & Aberg-Wistedt, Un. (2002). Psychiatrists' perception of psychiatric commitment: Revista Internacional de Derecho y Psiquiatría vol. 25(2) Mar-Abr 2002, 109-117. Allen, Un. (1977). A review of the criminally insane patients in Ohio: A personal narrative: Hospital & Psiquiatría Comunitaria Vol 28(11) Nov 1977, 837-840. Alston, Un. (2000). Wrongful committal: Psiquiatría, Psicología y Derecho Vol. 7(1) 2000, 71-78. Amenta, Un. E. (2006). The assessment of sex offenders for civil commitment proceedings: An analysis of report content. Resúmenes de disertación internacional: Sección B: Las Ciencias y la Ingeniería. Anderson, J., & Eppard, J. (1995). Clinical decision making during assessment for involuntary psychiatric admission: Servicios psiquiátricos vol. 46(7) Jul 1995, 727-728. Anderson, J. B., & Parrott, J. (1995). Urgent psychiatric transfers from a prison in England and Wales: A prison perspective: Criminal Behaviour and Mental Health Vol 5(1) 1995, 34-40. Andreassen, M. (1999). A comparison between legal and psychiatric statements regarding complaints about commitment: A study carried out in a Danish county 1990-1994: Revista Internacional de Derecho y Psiquiatría vol. 22(1) ene-feb 1999, 37-44. Andrews, J., & Scull, Un. (2001). Undertaker of the mind: John Monro and mad-doctoring in eighteenth-century England. Berkeley, California: Prensa de la Universidad de California. Andrus, D. M. (1982). Status resources, societal reactions, and involuntary commitments to a mental hospital: Resúmenes de disertación internacional. Anglin, M. D. (1988). The efficacy of civil commitment in treating narcotics addiction: Revista de problemas de drogas vol. 18(4) Fal 1988, 527-545. Appelbaum, K. L., Pescador, W. H., Nestelbaum, Z., & Bateman, Un. (1992). Are pretrial commitments for forensic evaluation used to control nuisance behavior? : Hospital & Psiquiatría Comunitaria Vol 43(6) Jun 1992, 603-607. Appelbaum, P. S. (1982). Civil commitment: Is the pendulum changing direction? : Hospital & Psiquiatría Comunitaria Vol 33(9) Sep 1982, 703-704. Appelbaum, P. S. (1984). Hospitalization of the dangerous patient: Legal pressures and clinical responses: Bulletin of the American Academy of Psychiatry & the Law Vol 12(4) 1984, 323-329. Appelbaum, P. S. (1984). Is the need for treatment constitutionally acceptable as a basis for civil commitment? : The Law, Medicina & Health Care Vol 12(4) Sep 1984, 144-149. Appelbaum, P. S. (1984). Standards for civil commitment: A critical review of empirical research: Revista Internacional de Derecho y Psiquiatría vol. 7(2) 1984, 133-144. Appelbaum, P. S. (1985). Empirical assessment of innovation in the law of civil commitment: A critique: The Law, Medicina & Health Care Vol 13(6) Dic 1985, 304-309. Appelbaum, P. S. (1985). England's new commitment law: Hospital & Psiquiatría Comunitaria Vol 36(7) Jul 1985, 705-706, 713. Appelbaum, P. S. (1986). Compromiso ambulatorio: The problems and the promise: Revista Americana de Psiquiatría Vol 143(10) Oct 1986, 1270-1272. Appelbaum, P. S. (1987). Resurrecting the right to treatment: Hospital & Psiquiatría Comunitaria Vol 38(7) Jul 1987, 703-704, 721. Appelbaum, P. S. (1989). Admitting children to psychiatric hospitals: A controversy revived: Hospital & Psiquiatría Comunitaria Vol 40(4) Apr 1989, 334-335. Appelbaum, P. S. (1995). Civil commitment and liability for violating patients' rights: Servicios psiquiátricos vol. 46(1) Ene 1995, 17-18. Appelbaum, P. S. (1997). Almost a revolution: An international perspective on the law of involuntary commitment: Revista de la Academia Estadounidense de Psiquiatría y Derecho Vol. 25(2) 1997, 135-147. Appelbaum, P. S. (1997). Can the police assist in detaining persons for involuntary commitment? : Servicios psiquiátricos vol. 48(1) Ene 1997, 17-18. Appelbaum, P. S., & Buena salud, T. G. (1981). The right to refuse treatment: The real issue is quality of care: Bulletin of the American Academy of Psychiatry & the Law Vol 9(3) 1981, 199-202. Appelbaum, P. S., & Hamm, R. M. (1982). Decision to seek commitment: Psychiatric decision making in a legal context: Archivos de Psiquiatría General Vol. 39(4) Apr 1982, 447-451. Appelbaum, P. S., & Kemp, K. N. (1982). The evolution of commitment law in the nineteenth century: A reinterpretation: Ley y comportamiento humano vol. 6(3-4) 1982, 343-354. Appelbaum, P. S., & Roth, L. H. (1988). Assessing the NCSC guidelines for involuntary civil commitment from the clinician's point of view: Hospital & Psiquiatría Comunitaria Vol 39(4) Apr 1988, 406-410. Appelbaum, P. S., & Rumpf, T. (1998). Civil commitment of the anorexic patient: Hospital General de Psiquiatría Vol 20(4) Jul 1998, 225-230. Arben, P. D. (1999). A commentary: Why civil commitment laws don't work the way they're supposed to: Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare Vol 26(3) Sep 1999, 61-70. Arboleda-Florez, J. (1999). Forensic psychiatry in North America: Una reseña: International Medical Journal Vol 6(1) Estropear 1999, 3-5. Arboleda-Florez, J., & Holly, H. (1984). How Alberta psychiatrists view commitment criteria and the problem of predicting dangerousness: El Diario Canadiense de Psiquiatría / La Revue canadienne de psychiatrie Vol 29(1) Feb 1984, 38-41. Arcuni, O. J., & Asaad, G. (1989). Voluntary and involuntary schizophrenic patient admissions on the same general hospital psychiatric unit: Hospital General de Psiquiatría Vol 11(6) Nov 1989, 393-396. Arends, L. Un. P. (2003). The legal position of psycho-geriatric patients in nursing homes and residential homes: Tijdschrift voor Gerontologie en Geriatrie Vol 34(2) Apr 2003, 65-73. Arikan, R., Appelbaum, P. S., Sercan, M., Turkcan, S., Satmis, N., & Polat, Un. (2007). Civil commitment in Turkey: Reflections on a bill drafted by psychiatrists: Revista Internacional de Derecho y Psiquiatría vol. 30(1) ene-feb 2007, 29-35. Armat, V. C., & Peele, R. (1992). The need-for-treatment standard in involuntary civil commitment. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Publishing, Inc. Arrigo, B. Un. (1993). Madness, idioma, and law: A semiotic analysis of current civil commitment appellate case law: Resúmenes de disertación internacional. Arvanites, T. M. (1986). Commitments for Incompetency to Stand Trial: An emerging functional equivalent to civil commitment: Resúmenes de disertación internacional. Arvanites, T. M. (1990). A comparison of civil patients and incompetent defendants: Pre and post deinstitutionalization: Bulletin of the American Academy of Psychiatry & the Law Vol 18(4) 1990, 393-403. Ash, P. (2000). Family decision making, civil commitment, and treatment. Hoboken, NJ: Juan Wiley & Sons Inc. Aviram, tu. (1990). Care or convenience? On the Medical-Bureaucratic Model of commitment of the mentally ill: Revista Internacional de Derecho y Psiquiatría vol. 13(3) 1990, 163-177. Aviram, tu. (1993). Screening services in civil commitment of the mentally ill: An attempt to balance individual liberties with needs for treatment: Bulletin of the American Academy of Psychiatry & the Law Vol 21(2) 1993, 195-211. Aviram, U., & Shnit, D. (1984). Psychiatric treatment and civil liberties in Israel: The need for reform: Israel Journal of Psychiatry and Related Sciences vol. 21(1) 1984, 3-18. Aviram, U., & Smoyak, S. Un. (1994). Discharged pending placement: How courts created a new intermediate legal status for confining mentally ill persons: Revista Internacional de Derecho y Psiquiatría vol. 17(2) Spr 1994, 139-151. Axelsson, M. (1989). Studies of psychiatric care, especially compulsory care, in two Swedish districts: The situation of relatives and their relationship to the psychiatric care: Nordisk Psykiatrisk Tidsskrift Vol 43(4) 1989, 357-364. Badger, M. J., & Shore, J. H. (1980). Psychiatric and nonmedical decisions on commitment: Revista Americana de Psiquiatría Vol 137(3) Estropear 1980, 367-369. Bagby, R. M. (1984). The indigenous paraprofessional and involuntary civil commitment: A return to community values: Canadian Psychology/Psychologie Canadienne Vol 25(3) Jul 1984, 167-176. Bagby, R. M., & Atkinson, L. (1988). The effects of legislative reform on civil commitment admission rates: A critical analysis: Behavioral Sciences & the Law Vol 6(1) Victoria 1988, 45-61. Bagby, R. M., Silverman, Yo., Ryan, D. PAGS., & Dickens, S. E. (1987). Effects of mental health legislative reform in Ontario: Canadian Psychology/Psychologie Canadienne Vol 28(1) Ene 1987, 21-29. Bagby, R. M., Thompson, J. S., Dickens, S. E., & Nohara, M. (1991). Decision making in psychiatric civil commitment: An experimental analysis: Revista Americana de Psiquiatría Vol 148(1) Ene 1991, 28-33. Muralla exterior, R. K. (2002). The civil commitment of sexually violent predators: A unique Texas approach: Revista de la Academia Estadounidense de Psiquiatría y Derecho Vol. 30(4) 2002, 525-532. Baldwin, L. J., Menditto, Un. Un., Beck, N. C., & Herrero, S. M. (1992). Factors influencing length of hospitalization for NGRI acquittees in a maximum security facility: Revista de Psiquiatría & Law Vol 20(2) Suma 1992, 257-267. Barone, N. M. (2003). Review of Evaluating Sex Offenders: A Manual for Civil Commitment and Beyond: Revista de Psiquiatría & Law Vol 31(2) Suma 2003, 235-237. Bartlett, C., Evans, M., Holloway, J., O'Connor, S., & harrison, G. (1999). Markers of inappropriate placement in acute psychiatric inpatient care: A five hospital study: Psiquiatría Social y Epidemiología Psiquiátrica Vol. 34(7) Jul 1999, 367-375. Baruk, H. (1988). In remembrance of the law of 1838: Mental disorders and society: Annales Medico-Psychologiques Vol 146(9) Sep-Oct 1988, 836-837. Baruk, H. (1989). Projected changes in psychiatric legislation: Annales Medico-Psychologiques Vol 147(5) Jul 1989, 567-569. Baskin, D. R., Sommers, Yo., Tessler, R., & Steakman, H. J. (1989). Role incongruence and gender variation in the provision of prison mental health services: Journal of Health and Social Behavior Vol 30(3) Sep 1989, 305-314. Bateman, B. (1982). Youngberg v. Romeo: Analysis and commentary: Analysis & Intervention in Developmental Disabilities Vol 2(4) 1982, 375-382. Beane, E. Un., & Beck, J. C. (1991). Court based civil commitment of alcoholics and substance abusers: Bulletin of the American Academy of Psychiatry & the Law Vol 19(4) 1991, 359-366. Beck, J. C., & Bonnar, J. (1988). Emergency civil commitment: Predicting hospital violence from behavior in the community: Revista de Psiquiatría & Law Vol 16(3) Fal 1988, 379-388. Beck, J. C., & Golowka, E. Un. (1988). A study of enforced treatment in relation to Stone's "thank you" teoría: Behavioral Sciences & the Law Vol 6(4) Fal 1988, 559-566. Beck, J. C., & Desviar, J. W. (1992). Incompetence, treatment refusal, and hospitalization: Bulletin of the American Academy of Psychiatry & the Law Vol 20(3) 1992, 261-267. Beck, N. C., & et al. (1984). Patient diagnostic, behavioral and demographic variables associated with changes in civil commitment procedures: Revista de Psicología Clínica Vol 40(1) Ene 1984, 364-371. Becker, F. W. (1992). Contracting for the involuntary treatment of the mentally ill: Legislative attitudes: Administración y Política en Salud Mental Vol. 19(5) Mayo 1992, 321-333. Becker, J. V., Stinson, J., Tromp, S., & Messer, G. (2003). Characteristics of individuals petitioned for civil commitment: Revista internacional de terapia de delincuentes y criminología comparada vol. 47(2) Apr 2003, 185-195. Behnke, S. H. (1999). O'Connor v. Donaldson: Retelling a classic and finding some revisionist history: Revista de la Academia Estadounidense de Psiquiatría y Derecho Vol. 27(1) 1999, 115-126. Beighley, P. S., & Marrón, G. R. (1992). Medication refusal by psychiatric inpatients in the military: Medicina Militar Vol 157(1) Ene 1992, 47-49. Beis, E. B. (1983). State involuntary commitment statutes: Mental & Physical Disability Law Reporter Vol 7(4) Navidad-agosto 1983, 358-369. Pañuelo abigarrado, J. R., & Blank, H. (1989). Protecting the right to involuntary commitment: Journal of Applied Social Sciences Vol 14(1) Fal-Ganar 1989-1990, 95-115. Campana, P. Un. (1979). The allocation of mental illness in a diagnosis process: Resúmenes de disertación internacional. Benditt, T. (2002). Mental illness and commitment. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press. Benezech, M. (1978). Considerations on acting out and the criminal liability of offenders--loss of object, juridical mental alienation: Annales Medico-Psychologiques Vol 136(10) Dic 1978, 1184-1191. Benezech, M. (1980). On the present necessity to enforce strictly some clauses of the law of June 30, 1838: Annales Medico-Psychologiques Vol 138(6) Jun 1980, 749-754. Benezech, M., & et al. (1988). The administrative control over compulsory confinement in the department of Gironde 150 years after the promulgation of the law of June 30th, 1838: Annales Medico-Psychologiques Vol 146(9) Sep-Oct 1988, 889-893. Beran, N., & Dinitz, S. (1973). An empirical study of the psychiatric probation-commitment procedure: American Journal of Orthopsychiatry Vol 43(4) Jul 1973, 660-669. Beran, N., & Hotz, Un. (1984). A study of the civil commitment of mentally disordered criminals: Revista de Psiquiatría & Law Vol 12(2) Suma 1984, 257-262. Bergman, J. (2001). Using drama therapy to uncover genuineness and deception in civilly committed sexual offenders. Kingston, NJ: Civic Research Institute. Berk, B. B., & Hirata, L. C. (1973). Mental illness among the Chinese: Myth or reality? : Journal of Social Issues Vol 29(2) 1973, 149-166. Berland, D. Yo., Spinazzola, V. L., Brayer, E., O'Rourke, K., & et al. (1990). Ethical, legal, and psychodynamic considerations in intervention of a possible cult member: Revista de la Academia Estadounidense del Niño & Adolescent Psychiatry Vol 29(6) Nov 1990, 975-981. Berlín, F. S., Galbreath, N. W., Geary, B., & McGlone, G. (2003). The Use of Actuarials at Civil Commitment Hearings to Predict the Likelihood of Future Sexual Violence: abuso sexual: Revista de investigación y tratamiento vol. 15(4) Oct 2003, 377-382. Bernstein, R. (2006). Conditional hospital release: Conveying the wrong message? : Servicios psiquiátricos vol. 57(11) Nov 2006, 1553. Bertolotti, J. (1977). Legislative response to Lynch v. Baxley: An evaluation: Ley & Psychology Review Vol 3 Fal 1977, 81-98. Beveridge, Un. (1998). Psychology of compulsory detention: Boletín Psiquiátrico Vol. 22(2) Feb 1998, 115-117. Beyer, H. Un. (1975). The child's right to refuse mental health treatment: Anales psiquiátricos vol. 5(4) Apr 1975, 151-157. Binder, R. L., & McNiel, D. E. (1991). Involuntary patients' right to refuse medication: Impact of the Riese decision on a California inpatient unit: Bulletin of the American Academy of Psychiatry & the Law Vol 19(4) 1991, 351-357. Bischof, H. L., & Pielmeier, B. (2001). Effects of the law regulating custody on the frequency of involuntary treatment in the psychiatric hospital: Krankenhauspsychiatrie Vol 12(1) Estropear 2001, 18-23. Blackmon, Z. R. (1987). Birl v. Wallis: The last piece of the puzzle? : Ley & Psychology Review Vol 11 Spr 1987, 145-151. Bland, J., Mezey, G., & Dolan, B. (1999). Special women, special needs: A descriptive study of female Special Hospital patients: Revista de psiquiatría forense vol. 10(1) Apr 1999, 34-45. Blank, K., Vingiano, W., & Schwartz, H. Yo. (1989). Psychiatric commitment of the elderly: Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry and Neurology Vol 2(3) Navidad-septiembre 1989, 140-144. Blankenship, R. L., & Singh, B. K. (1976). Differential labeling of juveniles: Un análisis multivariante: Criminology: An Interdisciplinary Journal Vol 13(4) Feb 1976, 471-490. Bloch, S. (1980). The political misuse of Soviet psychiatry: Honolulu and beyond: Revista de psiquiatría de Australia y Nueva Zelanda, vol. 14(2) Jun 1980, 109-114. Bloom, J. D. (1986). The Tarasoff decision, dangerousness and mandated outpatient treatment: Revista internacional de terapia de delincuentes y criminología comparada vol. 30(3) 1986, vii-x. Bloom, J. D. (2004). Thirty-Five Years of Working With Civil Commitment Statutes: Revista de la Academia Estadounidense de Psiquiatría y Derecho Vol. 32(4) 2004, 430-439. Bloom, J. D., & Faulkner, L. R. (1987). Competency determinations in civil commitment: Revista Americana de Psiquiatría Vol 144(2) Feb 1987, 193-196. Bloom, J. D., Faulkner, L. R., Holm, V. M., & Rawlinson, R. Un. (1984). An empirical view of patients exercising their right to refuse treatment: Revista Internacional de Derecho y Psiquiatría vol. 7(3-4) 1984, 315-328. Bloom, J. D., Faulkner, L. R., Shore, J. H., & rogers, J. L. (1983). The young adult chronic patient and the legal system: A systems analysis: New Directions for Mental Health Services No 19 Sep 1983, 37-50. Bloom, J. D., Shore, J. H., & Arvidson, B. (1981). Local variations in arrests of psychiatric patients: Bulletin of the American Academy of Psychiatry & the Law Vol 9(3) 1981, 203-209. Bloom, J. D., & Williams, M. H. (1994). Oregon's civil commitment law: 140 years of change: Hospital & Psiquiatría Comunitaria Vol 45(5) Mayo 1994, 466-470. Bloom, J. D., Williams, M. H., Godard, S. L., & Faulkner, L. R. (1988). The influence of the right to refuse treatment on precommitment patients: Bulletin of the American Academy of Psychiatry & the Law Vol 16(1) 1988, 5-9. Boast, N., & Chesterman, P. (1995). Black people and secure psychiatric facilities: Patterns of processing and the role of stereotypes: Revista británica de criminología vol. 35(2) Spr 1995, 218-235. Bolton, P. (1984). Management of compulsorily admitted patients to a high security unit: Revista Internacional de Psiquiatría Social Vol. 30(1-2) Spr 1984, 77-84. Bonovitz, J. C., & Bonovitz, J. S. (1981). Diversion of the mentally ill into the criminal justice system: The police intervention perspective: Revista Americana de Psiquiatría Vol 138(7) Jul 1981, 973-976. Bonovitz, J. C., & Guy, E. B. (1979). Impact of restrictive civil commitment procedures on a prison psychiatric service: Revista Americana de Psiquiatría Vol 136(8) Ago 1979, 1045-1048. Bonovitz, J. S., & Bonovitz, J. C. (1981). Emergency detention of the mentally ill: Revista de Psiquiatría & Law Vol 9(4) Victoria 1981, 423-429. Bosanac, S. B. (1995). Involuntary hospitalization and the rights of mental patients in Croatia: Medicina & Law Vol 14(5-6) 1995, 457-461. Boscredon, J., Vignes, M., & Makowski, J. (1988). Misinterpretations of the law of June 30th, 1838, in cases of involuntary psychiatric commitment: Annales Medico-Psychologiques Vol 146(9) Sep-Oct 1988, 875-879. Bourgeois, M., Degeilh, B., Hinderickx, J., & Benezech, M. (1988). Psychiatric confinements (compulsory and voluntary) according to the law of 1838, over a period of 15 years in a university psychiatric service (Bordeaux, 1973-1988): Annales Medico-Psychologiques Vol 146(9) Sep-Oct 1988, 850-856. Bourgeois, M., Degeilh, B., Hinderickx, J., & Benezech, M. (1988). Psychiatric confinements (compulsory and voluntary) according to the law of 1838, over a period of 15 years in a university psychiatric service (Bordeaux, 1973superscript 1988): Annales Medico-Psychologiques Vol 146(9) Sep-Oct 1988, 850-856. Bozikas, V., Tsipropoulou, V., Deseri, H., Kosmidis, M. H., Bogiatzi, M., Pitsavas, S., et al. (2003). Study of factors influencing involuntary admissions to a psychiatric department: Psychiatriki Vol 14(2) Abr-Jun 2003, 110-120. bradford, B., McCann, S., & Merskey, H. (1986). A survey of involuntary patients' attitudes towards their commitment: Revista psiquiátrica de la Universidad de Ottawa Vol 11(3) Sep 1986, 162-165. Braff, J., Arvanites, T., & Steakman, H. J. (1983). Detention patterns of successful and unsuccessful insanity defendants: Criminology: An Interdisciplinary Journal Vol 21(3) Ago 1983, 439-448. Brakel, S. J. (1988). Legal schizophrenia and the mental health lawyer: Recent trends in civil commitment litigation: Behavioral Sciences & the Law Vol 6(1) Victoria 1988, 3-14. Brand-Koolen, M. J. (1987). At the government's pleasure: Trends and developments in the compulsory treatment of mentally disturbed offenders in The Netherlands: Revista Internacional de Derecho y Psiquiatría vol. 10(4) 1987, 339-351. Brenner, M. K., Cardoso, V. M., Oliveira, R. L. V., Fensterseifer, G. PAGS., Barraz, Un. C. G., Boeira, L. B., et al. (1999). Changes in the hospitalized clients in psychiatric hospital: Jornal Brasileiro de Psiquiatria Vol 48(9) Sep 1999, 415-420. Brockman, J. E., & Chamberlain, J. R. (2007). Commitment following a finding of not guilty by reason of insanity: Revista de la Academia Estadounidense de Psiquiatría y Derecho Vol. 35(2) Jun 2007, 268-269. Brodie, Un. M., & Creedon, C. F. (1982). Predictors of cancellation in an Oregon involuntary commitment program: Diario de Salud Mental Comunitaria Vol. 18(2) Suma 1982, 151-158. Brody, Un. L., & Verde, R. (1994). Washington State's unscientific approach to the problem of repeat sex offenders: Bulletin of the American Academy of Psychiatry & the Law Vol 22(3) 1994, 343-356. Brody, S. Un. (1964). Hospitalization of the mentally ill during California's early years: 1849-1853: Psychiatric Quarterly Supplement 38(2) 1964, 262-272. Brook, R., Dolan, M., & Coorey, P. (1999). Absconding of patients detained in an English Special Hospital: Revista de psiquiatría forense vol. 10(1) Apr 1999, 46-58. Brooks, Un. D. (1987). Outpatient commitment for the chronically mentally ill: Law and policy. San Francisco, California: Jossey-Bajo. Brooks, Un. D. (1994). The civil commitment of pathologically violent sex offenders: Administración y Política en Salud Mental Vol. 21(5) Mayo 1994, 417-429. Brooks, R. Un. (2006). Estados Unidos. psychiatrists' beliefs and wants about involuntary civil commitment grounds: Revista Internacional de Derecho y Psiquiatría vol. 29(1) ene-feb 2006, 13-21. Brooks, R. Un. (2007). Psychiatrists' opinions about involuntary civil commitment: Results of a national survey: Revista de la Academia Estadounidense de Psiquiatría y Derecho Vol. 35(2) Jun 2007, 219-228. Brouillette, M.-J., & París, J. (1991). The dangerousness criterion for civil commitment: The problem and a possible solution: El Diario Canadiense de Psiquiatría / La Revue canadienne de psychiatrie Vol 36(4) Mayo 1991, 285-289. Marrón, B. S. (1988). Civil commitment: An international perspective: Revista de problemas de drogas vol. 18(4) Fal 1988, 663-678. Marrón, J., & Rayne, J. T. (1989). Some ethical considerations in defensive psychiatry: A case study: American Journal of Orthopsychiatry Vol 59(4) Oct 1989, 534-541. Marrón, J. M., Cornish, J., & Swart, G. T. (1986). Suicide and attempted suicide: Legal issues: El Diario Canadiense de Psiquiatría / La Revue canadienne de psychiatrie Vol 31(2) Estropear 1986, 101-103. Marrón, M. Un., Ridgway, PAGS., Anthony, W. Un., & rogers, E. S. (1991). Comparison of outcomes for clients seeking and assigned to supported housing services: Hospital & Psiquiatría Comunitaria Vol 42(11) Nov 1991, 1150-1153. Bunse, J. (1989). Indications and duration of psychiatric treatment in locked wards in relation to the time limit set by the court: Nervenarzt Vol 60(4) Apr 1989, 233-235. Bursztajn, H., & et al. (1986). Process analysis of judges' commitment decisions: A preliminary empirical study: Revista Americana de Psiquiatría Vol 143(2) Feb 1986, 170-174. Bursztajn, H., Buena salud, T. G., Hamm, R. M., Brodski, Un., & et al. (1988). Parens patriae considerations in the commitment process: Psychiatric Quarterly Vol 59(3) Fal 1988, 165-181. Bursztajn, H. J., Hamm, R. M., & Buena salud, T. G. (1997). Beyond the black letter of the law: An empirical study of an individual judge's decision process for civil commitment hearings: Revista de la Academia Estadounidense de Psiquiatría y Derecho Vol. 25(1) 1997, 79-94. Butler, B. (2006). Jurors' attitudes toward post-sentence civil commitment: Revista estadounidense de psicología forense vol. 24(2) 2006, 21-30. Buttlaire, S. Un. (1985). Voluntary and involuntary treatment of suicidal patients: Resúmenes de disertación internacional. Candefjord, I.-L. (1989). Studies of psychiatric care, especially compulsory care, in two Swedish districts: Psychiatric patients' experience of compulsory care: Nordisk Psykiatrisk Tidsskrift Vol 43(4) 1989, 353-356. Carney, T. (2004). Review of Involuntary Detention and Therapeutic Jurisprudence: International Perspectives on Civil Commitment: Psiquiatría, Psicología y Derecho Vol. 11(1) Apr 2004, 180-182. Carstairs, G. M. (1977). Revolutions and the rights of man: Revista Americana de Psiquiatría Vol 134(9) Sep 1977, 979-983. Cascardi, M., & Poythress, N. G. (1997). Correlatos de la coerción percibida durante el ingreso en un hospital psiquiátrico: Revista Internacional de Derecho y Psiquiatría vol. 20(4) Fal 1997, 445-458. Catalano, R., Snowden, L., Shumway, M., & Kessell, E. (2007). Unemployment and civil commitment: A test of the intolerance hypothesis: Comportamiento agresivo vol. 33(3) Mayo-Junio 2007, 272-280. Catalano, R. Un., & McConnell, W. (1996). A time-series test of the quarantine theory of involuntary commitment: Journal of Health and Social Behavior Vol 37(4) Dic 1996, 381-387. Catapano, V. D., & Esposito, E. (1981). Physicians and insanity in "certificates" to the insane asylum located in Aversa (1826-1829): Giornale Storico di Psicologia Dinamica Vol 5(10) Jun 1981, 41-64. Catapano, V. D., & Esposito, E. (1981). Physicians and insanity in "certificates" to the insane asylum located in Aversa (1826superscript 1829): Giornale Storico di Psicologia Dinamica Vol 5(10) Jun 1981, 41-64. Chamberlain, J. R. (2007). Sex offender laws: Commitment and treatment of individuals deemed to be sexually violent predators: Revista de la Academia Estadounidense de Psiquiatría y Derecho Vol. 35(2) Jun 2007, 266-268. Chandrasena, R. D., & Herrero, S. (1986). Regional Review Boards of Ontario: A medico-legal review: El Diario Canadiense de Psiquiatría / La Revue canadienne de psychiatrie Vol 31(7) Oct 1986, 643-648. Chapman, M. (1972). The right to treatment and the institution. Oxford, Inglaterra: Charles C Thomas. Charatan, F. B. (1987). Geriatric psychiatry: Legal and forensic issues. Nueva York, NY: Prensa Plenum. Chessick, R. D. (2005). Review of Commitment and Compassion in Psychoanalysis: Selected Papers of Edward M. Weinshel: Revista Americana de Psiquiatría Vol 162(1) Ene 2005, 202-203. Chiswick, D. (1992). Compulsory treatment of patients with psychopathic disorder: An abnormally aggressive or seriously irresponsible exercise? : Criminal Behaviour and Mental Health Vol 2(2), Problema de especificaciones 1992, 106-113. Chlopicki, K., & et al. (1976). Analysis of the degree of consent among the admittals to SAM psychiatric clinic: Psiquiatría polaca vol. 10(2) 1976, 173-177. Chodoff, P. (1974). Involuntary hospitalization of political dissenters in the Soviet Union: Psychiatric Opinion Vol 11(1) Feb 1974, 5-19. Chodoff, P. (1976). The case of involuntary hospitalization of the mentally ill: Revista Americana de Psiquiatría Vol 133(5) Mayo 1976, 496-501. Chodoff, P. (1984). Involuntary hospitalization of the mentally ill as a moral issue: Revista Americana de Psiquiatría Vol 141(3) Estropear 1984, 384-389. Christensen, E. M., Bengtsson, Un., Kramp, PAGS., & Rafaelsen, O. J. (1990). Involuntary commitments in Denmark and Sweden: The differences in frequency illustrated by comparison of two local areas in the two countries: Nordisk Psykiatrisk Tidsskrift Vol 44(4) 1990, 329-335. Christy, Un., Bond, J., & Joven, M. S. (2007). Short-term involuntary examination of older adults in Florida: Behavioral Sciences & the Law Vol 25(5) 2007, 615-628. Ciccone, J. R., Tokoli, J. F., Clements, C. D., & Gift, T. E. (1990). Right to refuse treatment: Impact of Rivers v. Katz: Bulletin of the American Academy of Psychiatry & the Law Vol 18(2) 1990, 203-215. Ciccone, J. R., Tokoli, J. F., Gift, T. E., & Clements, C. D. (1993). Medication refusal and judicial activism: A reexamination of the effects of the Rivers decision: Hospital & Psiquiatría Comunitaria Vol 44(6) Jun 1993, 555-560. Clayton, T. (1976). O'Connor v. Donaldson: Impact in the states: Hospital & Psiquiatría Comunitaria Vol 27(4) Apr 1976, 272-281. Cleveland, S., Mulvey, E. PAGS., Appelbaum, P. S., & Hasta, C. W. (1989). Do dangerousness-oriented commitment laws restrict hospitalization of patients who need treatment? A test: Hospital & Psiquiatría Comunitaria Vol 40(3) Estropear 1989, 266-271. Coffman, J. R. (1982). A thirty-day follow-up of persons found not-committable at emergency involuntary civil commitment hearings: Resúmenes de disertación internacional. Cohen, F. (1999). The law and sexually violent predators--Through the Hendricks looking glass. Kingston, NJ: Civic Research Institute. Cohn, J. B., & Wilcox, C. S. (1983). Dangerousness as a standard for civil commitment: American Journal of Forensic Psychiatry Vol 4(4) 1983, 169-174. Coid, J., Petruckevitch, Un., Bebbington, PAGS., Brugha, T., Bhugra, D., Jenkins, R., et al. (2002). Ethnic differences in prisoners. Yo: Criminality and psychiatric morbidity: Revista Británica de Psiquiatría Vol 181(6) Dic 2002, 473-480. Coid, J. W. (1993). Quality of life for patients detained in hospital: Revista Británica de Psiquiatría Vol 162 Mayo 1993, 611-620. Conlon, PAGS., Merskey, H., Zilli, C., & Frommhold, K. (1990). The attitudes toward committal of patients hospitalized in a psychiatric facility for the first time: El Diario Canadiense de Psiquiatría / La Revue canadienne de psychiatrie Vol 35(4) Mayo 1990, 324-327. Cornwell, J. K. (1998). Understanding the role of the police and parens patriae powers in involuntary civil commitment before and after Hendricks: Psicología, Política pública, and Law Vol 4(1-2) Mar-Jun 1998, 377-413. Cornwell, J. K. (2003). Sex offenders and the Supreme Court: The significance and limits of Kansas v. Hendricks. Washington, DC: Asociación Americana de Psicología. Cournos, F. (1989). Involuntary medication and the case of Joyce Brown: Hospital & Psiquiatría Comunitaria Vol 40(7) Jul 1989, 736-740. Cournoyer, J., & Monette, Y. (1991). The involvement of the court system in the treatment of incompetent psychiatric cases who refuse treatment: El Diario Canadiense de Psiquiatría / La Revue canadienne de psychiatrie Vol 36(5) Jun 1991, 339-343. Courtless, T. (1997). Commitment of mentally disordered criminal offenders in the State of Maryland, ESTADOS UNIDOS: Future dangerousness versus treatment amenability: Revista de psiquiatría forense vol. 8(2) Sep 1997, 417-433. Timonel, G. B. (1980). Involuntary patient flow: A computer simulation of a psychiatric ward: Evaluation Review Vol 4(5) Oct 1980, 571-584. Crane, L., Zonna, H., & Wizner, S. (1977). Implications of the Donaldson decision: A model for periodic review of committed patients: Hospital & Psiquiatría Comunitaria Vol 28(11) Nov 1977, 827-833. Crisanti, Un. S. (2000). Experiences with involuntary hospitalization: A qualitative study of mothers of adult children with schizophrenia: Investigación de esquizofrenia vol. 45(1-2) Sep 2000, 79-81. Crisanti, Un. S., & Amar, E. J. (1999). Mortality among involuntarily admitted psychiatric patients: A survival analysis: Psiquiatría Social y Epidemiología Psiquiátrica Vol. 34(12) Dic 1999, 627-633. Crisanti, Un. S., & Amar, E. J. (2002). From one legal system to another? An examination of the relationship between involuntary hospitalization and arrest: Revista Internacional de Derecho y Psiquiatría vol. 25(6) Nov-Dic 2002, 581-597. Cuegniet, G. (1987). Regarding involuntary commitment to fill a post-factum therapeutic need: Psychiatrie Francaise Vol 18(6) Dic 1987, 815-823. Cuffel, B. J. (1992). Characteristics associated with legal status change among psychiatric patients: Diario de Salud Mental Comunitaria Vol. 28(6) Dic 1992, 471-482. Curtin, J. J., & Wickware, D. M. (1982). Update on how the Mental Health Act of Ontario is working: Revista psiquiátrica de la Universidad de Ottawa Vol 7(4) Dic 1982, 235-239. Curtis, Un. B. (1982). Variables associated with the determination of the decision for psychiatric hospitalization: Resúmenes de disertación internacional. Dabrowski, S. (1988). Legal regulation of mental health: Psiquiatría polaca vol. 22(1) ene-feb 1988, 65-72. Dabrowski, S., & et al. (1979). Involuntary hospitalization in Poland: Revista psiquiátrica de la Universidad de Ottawa Vol 4(4) Dic 1979, 322-328. Dahl, Un. Un., Borge, N., & Spydslaug, Un. (1985). Compulsory commitment for observation: A study of commitment based on Section 3 of the Norwegian Mental Health Act: Nordisk Psykiatrisk Tidsskrift Vol 39(5) 1985, 381-387. Daumezon, G. (1976). Needs and limits in the commitment of mental patients by public authority: Annales Medico-Psychologiques Vol 1(2) Feb 1976, 248-255. Dawidoff, D. J. (1975). Commitment of the mentally ill in New York: Some comments and suggestions: Revista de Psiquiatría & Law Vol 3(1) Spr 1975, 79-95. Dawson, J. (1986). Time and committal: Community Mental Health in New Zealand Vol 3(1) Nov 1986, 67-73. Dawson, J., & Kampf, Un. (2006). Incapacity Principles in Mental Health Laws in Europe: Psicología, Política pública, and Law Vol 12(3) Ago 2006, 310-331. Dawson, J., & fumador, G. (2006). Fusion of mental health and incapacity legislation: Revista Británica de Psiquiatría Vol 188(6) Jun 2006, 504-509. de Graaf, Un. C., & Dekker, G. V. (1987). Involuntary admissions to mental hospitals and psychiatric university clinics: Regional differences and tendencies: Revista de psiquiatría vol. 29(4) 1987, 219-231. Decano, P. J., Lombard, H. E., & Wilkes, S. (2001). Committal of a patient due to media influence? Un informe de caso: Revista de psiquiatría de Australia y Nueva Zelanda, vol. 35(1) Feb 2001, 129-130. Decker, F. H. (1978). Hospital management of mental patients: Changes from involuntary to voluntary status under the Florida Mental Health Act of 1972: Resúmenes de disertación internacional. Decker, F. H. (1981). Changes in the legal status of mental patients and hospital management: Journal of Applied Behavioral Science Vol 17(2) 1981, 153-171. Decker, F. H. (1987). Psychiatric management of legal defense in periodic commitment hearings: Problemas Sociales Vol. 34(2) Apr 1987, 156-171. DeClue, G. (2007). Review of Inventory of offender risk, needs, and strengths (IORNS): Revista de Psiquiatría & Law Vol 35(1) Spr 2007, 51-60. Deemer, E. D. (2004). Ethical Values and Involuntary Commitment: A Decision-Making Model for Consulting Clinicians: Estrés, Trauma and Crisis: Una revista internacional vol. 7(3) Navidad-septiembre 2004, 169-186. Delgado Bueno, S., & Gonzalez de Rivera y Revuelta, J. L. (1988). Legal aspects of psychiatric commitment: Psiquis: Revista de Psiquiatría, Psicologia y Psicosomatica Vol 9(9) 1988, 11-27. Dell, S., robertson, G., Jaime, K., & Grounds, Un. (1993). Remands and psychiatric assessments in Holloway prison: Yo. The psychotic population: Revista Británica de Psiquiatría Vol 163 Nov 1993, 634-640. Dell, S., robertson, G., Jaime, K., & Grounds, Un. (1993). Remands and psychiatric assessments in Holloway prison: II. The non-psychotic population: Revista Británica de Psiquiatría Vol 163 Nov 1993, 640-644. Dent, S. (1997). The Home Office Mental Health Unit and its approach to the assessment and management of risk: International Review of Psychiatry Vol 9(2-3) Jun-Sep 1997, 265-271. Dershowitz, Un. M. (1972). The psychiatrist's power in civil commitment: A knife that cuts both ways. Oxford, Inglaterra: Brunner/Mazel. DesLauriers, Un., & Gerdner, J. (1999). The Sexual Offender Treatment Program of Kansas. Kingston, NJ: Civic Research Institute. Dignam, P. T. (2000). "Criteria for involuntary hospitalisation": Comentario: Revista de psiquiatría de Australia y Nueva Zelanda, vol. 34(2) Apr 2000, 337. Dix, G. E. (1975). Determining the continued dangerousness of psychologically abnormal sex offenders: Revista de Psiquiatría & Law Vol 3(3) Fal 1975, 327-344. Dix, G. E. (1981). Realism and drug refusal: A reply to Appelbaum and Gutheil: Bulletin of the American Academy of Psychiatry & the Law Vol 9(3) 1981, 180-198. Dix, G. F. (1976). Civil commitment of the mentally ill and the need for data on the prediction of dangerousness: American Behavioral Scientist Vol 19(3) ene-feb 1976, 318-334. Dolan, M., Gibb, R., & Coorey, P. (1999). Mental health review tribunals: A survey of Special Hospital patients' opinions: Revista de psiquiatría forense vol. 10(2) Sep 1999, 264-275. Domenichetti, S., & ferrara, M. (1985). Involuntary hospitalization: An ambiguous instrument within a therapeutic relationship: Revista de psiquiatría vol. 20(3) Navidad-septiembre 1985, 249-260. Doren, D. M. (1998). Recidivism base rates, predictions of sex offender recidivism, y el "Sexual Predator" commitment laws: Behavioral Sciences & the Law Vol 16(1) Victoria 1998, 97-114. Doren, D. M. (2001). Analyzing the analysis: A response to Wollert (2000): Behavioral Sciences & the Law Vol 19(1) 2001, 185-196. Doren, D. M. (2002). Evaluating sex offenders: A manual for civil commitments and beyond. mil robles, California: Publicaciones sabias, Inc. Doren, D. M., & Epperson, D. L. (2001). Great analysis, but problematic assumptions: A critique of Janus and Meehl (1997): abuso sexual: Revista de investigación y tratamiento vol. 13(1) Ene 2001, 45-51. Dorken, H. (1977). The formal involvement of psychology in the commitment process for mental and developmental disorders: Clinical Psychologist Vol 30(4) Suma 1977, 5-6. Dosa, Un. (1995). New legislation on civil commitment in Hungary: Medicina & Law Vol 14(7-8) 1995, 581-587. Douglas, K. S., & Koch, W. J. (2001). Civil commitment and civil competence: Problemas psicológicos. toronto, ON, Canadá: University of Toronto Press. Doutney, C. (1986). Mental health law reform: Advance towards enlightenment or denial of reality? : Revista de psiquiatría de Australia y Nueva Zelanda, vol. 20(3) Sep 1986, 266-275. Doyle, H., & Delaney, W. (1994). Police referral of compulsory admissions: Un estudio de comparación: Revista irlandesa de medicina psicológica vol. 11(3) Sep 1994, 116-119. Dresen, S. E. (1987). Effects of criminal commitment on the families of married forensic patients: Resúmenes de disertación internacional. Droney, P. M. (1997). Psychologists and connecticut's civil and emergency commitment statutes: A critical review and proposals. Resúmenes de disertación internacional: Sección B: Las Ciencias y la Ingeniería. Drude, K. P. (1978). Psychologists and civil commitment: Review of state statutes: Professional Psychology Vol 9(3) Ago 1978, 499-506. Dudley, H. K. (1978). A review board for determining the dangerousness of mentally ill offenders: Hospital & Psiquiatría Comunitaria Vol 29(7) Jul 1978, 453-456. Dunham, Un. C. (1985). APA's model law: Protecting the patient's ultimate interests: Hospital & Psiquiatría Comunitaria Vol 36(9) Sep 1985, 973-975. Durham, M. L., & Carr, H. D. (1985). Use of summons in involuntary civil commitment: Bulletin of the American Academy of Psychiatry & the Law Vol 13(3) 1985, 243-251. Durham, M. L., Carr, H. D., & Pierce, G. L. (1984). Police involvement and influence in involuntary civil commitment: Hospital & Psiquiatría Comunitaria Vol 35(6) Jun 1984, 580-584. Dworkin, J. (1988). To certify or not to certify: Clinical social work decisions and involuntary hospitalization: Social Work in Health Care Vol 13(4) 1988, 81-98. Dworkin, J. (1989). Certification of patients for involuntary hospitalization: Social Casework Vol 70(3) Estropear 1989, 153-158. Dwyer, E. (1988). Civil commitment laws in nineteenth-century New York: Behavioral Sciences & the Law Vol 6(1) Victoria 1988, 79-98. Eather, B. Un. (1984). The dangerousness standard in determinations of involuntary civil commitment: Resúmenes de disertación internacional. Edelsohn, G. Un., & Hola, V. Un. (1990). Civil commitment: A range of patient attitudes: Bulletin of the American Academy of Psychiatry & the Law Vol 18(1) 1990, 65-77. Edwards, G. Un. (1979). The mental illness of Captain Hyndman: Revista de psiquiatría de Australia y Nueva Zelanda, vol. 13(2) Jun 1979, 147-152. Ehrhardt, H. E. (1978). Ethical problems in psychiatric practice: Anales psiquiátricos vol. 8(1) Ene 1978, 47-59. Eichhorn, M., Zimmermann, R., Krauchi, K., & Finzen, Un. (2003). Decisions of the Psychiatric Court of Appeal of Basle-City in the Year 2000 Procedure on Appeal Against Compulsory Admission in a Swiss Canton: Práctica psiquiátrica vol. 30(3) Abril 2003, 139-144. Ekblom, B., Westrin, C.-G., & Ostman, O. (1989). Studies of psychiatric care, especially compulsory care, in two Swedish districts: A few preliminary conclusions and practical consequences: Nordisk Psykiatrisk Tidsskrift Vol 43(4) 1989, 375-379. Ellard, J. (1989). The dangerousness of psychiatrists: Revista de psiquiatría de Australia y Nueva Zelanda, vol. 23(2) Jun 1989, 169-175. Encandela, J. Un., Korr, W., Hasta, C. W., Mulvey, E. PAGS., & Slawinski, T. (1999). Discretionary use of involuntary commitment by case managers of mental health clients: A case study of divergent views: Clinical Social Work Journal Vol 27(4) Victoria 1999, 397-411. Engberg, M. (1990). Commitments to mental hospitals in Denmark, 1971-1987: Nordisk Psykiatrisk Tidsskrift Vol 44(4) 1990, 323-328. Engberg, M. (1991). Involuntary commitment in Greenland, the Faroe Islands and Denmark: Acta psiquiátrica Scandinavica vol. 84(4) Oct 1991, 353-356. Engberg, M. (1994). Mortality and suicide rates of involuntarily committed patients: Acta psiquiátrica Scandinavica vol. 89(1) Ene 1994, 35-40. Engberg, M. (1997). Investigando el cuidado obligatorio: Experiencias de un estudio planificado a nivel nórdico: Revista nórdica de psiquiatría vol. 51(Suppl 39) 1997, 63-65, 73-95. Engleman, N. B. (1991). Involuntery commitment: An investigation of the clinician's decision-making process: Resúmenes de disertación internacional. Engleman, N. B., Jobes, D. Un., Berman, Un. L., & piernas largas, L. Yo. (1998). Clinicians' decision making about involuntary commitment: Servicios psiquiátricos vol. 49(7) Jul 1998, 941-945. Inglés, D. M. (1996). The authority of a guardian to commit an adult ward: Mental & Physical Disability Law Reporter Vol 20(4) Navidad-agosto 1996, 584-587. Ennis, B. J. (1976). Legal rights of the voluntary patient: Journal of the National Association of Private Psychiatric Hospitals Vol 8(2) Suma 1976, 4-8. Ennis, B. J., & Friedman, P. R. (1974). Legal rights of the mentally handicapped. Volumen 1. Oxford, Inglaterra: Practising Law Inst, Mental Health. Ensminger, J. J., & Liguori, T. D. (1978). The therapeutic significance of the civil commitment hearing: An unexplored potential: Revista de Psiquiatría & Law Vol 6(1) Spr 1978, 5-44. Epstein, G. N., Steingarten, J., Weinstein, H. C., & Nashel, H. M. (1977). Panel report: Impact of law on the practice of psychotherapy: Revista de Psiquiatría & Law Vol 5(1) Spr 1977, 7-40. Erikson, K. (1989). Study of psychiatric care and special compulsory care in two Swedish provinces: Psychiatric symptoms in committed patients: Nordisk Psykiatrisk Tidsskrift Vol 43(2) 1989, 125-129. Erikson, K., & El sótano, L. (1989). Studies of psychiatric care, especially compulsory care, in two Swedish districts: The psychiatric care personnel's attitudes, experiencia, and perceptions of compulsory care: Nordisk Psykiatrisk Tidsskrift Vol 43(4) 1989, 365-368. Ernst, K., & Ausfeld, B. (1977). Is the present law sufficient for protection of the mentally diseased? : Schweizer Archiv fur Neurologie, Neurochirurgie und Psychiatrie Vol 120(1) 1977, 63-74. Errington, M. R. (1986). The operation of the Mental Health Act, 1983 (Nueva Gales del Sur): Revista de psiquiatría de Australia y Nueva Zelanda, vol. 20(3) Sep 1986, 278-292. Ertmann, B., & Ojesjo, L. (1983). Dangerousness at Karsudden: Revista Internacional de Derecho y Psiquiatría vol. 6(1) 1983, 125-129. Estroff, T. W. (1984). "Norms, commitment, and psychotherapy with the involuntarily hospitalized psychiatric patient": Comentario: Psicoterapia Paciente Vol 1(2) Victoria 1984, 88-89. Etcheverry, B. Un. (1977). Factors influencing the psychiatric treatment decision: Hospitalization or referral to outpatient services: Resúmenes de disertación internacional. Eth, S. (1983). Adolescent separation-individuation and the court: Bulletin of the American Academy of Psychiatry & the Law Vol 11(3) 1983, 231-238. Faraona, S. (1982). Psychiatry and political repression in the Soviet Union: American Psychologist Vol 37(10) Oct 1982, 1105-1112. Faraona, S. V. (1983). Human rights and human action: A reply to Pollack et al: American Psychologist Vol 38(12) Dic 1983, 1402-1403. Farer, P. O. (1989). Determinants of clinicians' judgments concerning involuntary civil commitment: Resúmenes de disertación internacional. Fariello, D. F. (1989). The dangerousness standard: Hospital & Psiquiatría Comunitaria Vol 40(9) Sep 1989, 964-965. Farren, C., McLoughlin, D., & Clare, Un. (1992). Procedures for involuntary admission to public and private psychiatric facilities: Revista irlandesa de medicina psicológica vol. 9(2) Nov 1992, 96-100. Farrow, T. L., McKenna, B. G., & O'Brien, Un. J. (2002). Advanced "prescribing" of nurses' emergency holding powers under New Zealand mental health legislation: International Journal of Mental Health Nursing Vol 11(3) Sep 2002, 164-169. Faulkner, L. R., Bloom, J. D., & Kundahl-Stanley, K. (1982). Effects of a new involuntary commitment law: Expectations and reality: Bulletin of the American Academy of Psychiatry & the Law Vol 10(4) 1982, 249-259. Faulkner, L. R., Bloom, J. D., McFarland, B. H., & Popa, T. O. (1985). The effect of mental health system changes on civil commitment: Bulletin of the American Academy of Psychiatry & the Law Vol 13(4) 1985, 345-357. Faulkner, L. R., Bloom, J. D., Resnick, M. R., & Popa, T. O. (1983). Local variations in the civil commitment process: Bulletin of the American Academy of Psychiatry & the Law Vol 11(1) 1983, 5-15. Faulkner, L. R., Bloom, J. D., & Popa, T. O. (1984). Rural civil commitment: Bulletin of the American Academy of Psychiatry & the Law Vol 12(4) 1984, 359-371. Faulkner, L. R., McFarland, B. H., & Bloom, J. D. (1989). An empirical study of emergency commitment: Revista Americana de Psiquiatría Vol 146(2) Feb 1989, 182-186. Faulkner, L. R., McFarland, B. H., Bloom, J. D., & Popa, T. O. (1986). A method for quantifying and comparing civil commitment processes: Revista Americana de Psiquiatría Vol 143(6) Jun 1986, 744-749. Faulkner, L. R., McFarland, B. H., Bloom, J. D., & Popa, T. O. (1986). A methodology for predicting the effects of changes in civil commitment decision making: Bulletin of the American Academy of Psychiatry & the Law Vol 14(1) 1986, 71-80. Faulkner, L. R., McFarland, B. H., Bloom, J. D., & Popa, T. O. (1987). Methodology for the analysis of civil commitment detention times and costs: Bulletin of the American Academy of Psychiatry & the Law Vol 15(4) 1987, 359-370. Favre, P. (1992). Consentless hospitalizations: First appraisal in a university hospital of the law passed on the 27th of June 1990: Psychologie Medicale Vol 24(14) 1992, 1555-1561. Feigon, S., & Hays, J. R. (2003). Prediction of readmission of psychiatric inpatients: Informes psicológicos vol. 93(3) Dic 2003, 816-818. Feldbrugge, J. T., & Haverkamp, Un. D. (1993). Identity and development: The Dr. Henri van der Hoeven Kliniek in the nineties: Revista Internacional de Derecho y Psiquiatría vol. 16(1-2) Win-Spr 1993, 241-246. Felkins, B., Guthrie, M., & Walch, J. (1991). Voluntary or involuntary status of 50 adolescent inpatients: Hospital & Psiquiatría Comunitaria Vol 42(10) Oct 1991, 1062-1063. Fellion, G., & de Labriolle, P. (1988). Bread, peace, and welfare: The law of 1838 in the service of the community: Annales Medico-Psychologiques Vol 146(9) Sep-Oct 1988, 833-835. Felthous, Un. R. (1983). Patient's choice to suicide v. treater's duty to prevent suicide: Some changing clinical dilemmas: Behavioral Sciences & the Law Vol 1(4) Fal 1983, 95-99. Fennell, PAGS., & Goldstein, R. L. (2006). The Application of Civil Commitment Law and Practices to a Case of Delusional Disorder: A Cross-National Comparison of Legal Approaches in the United States and the United Kingdom: Behavioral Sciences & the Law Vol 24(3) 2006, 385-406. Ferguson, W. D., & abajo, D. (1995). Northwest Evaluation and Treatment Center, Seattle: Alternative to hospitalization for involuntarily detained patients. Washington, DC: Asociación Americana de Psiquiatría. Ferleger, D. (1976). Kremens v. Bartley: The right to be free: Hospital & Psiquiatría Comunitaria Vol 27(10) Oct 1976, 708-712. ferrara, M., Benvenuti, PAGS., Marello, G., & Masini, M. (1983). The renewal of the compulsory health care (C.H.C.): A discrimination point between a relational resonance crisis and an internal resonance crisis: Revista de psiquiatría vol. 18(1) Enero-Mar 1983, 61-75. Fields, S. (1974). Patients' rights: Yo. Due process of law: Innovations Vol 1(2) Victoria 1974, 12-15. Finn, M. Un., & Stalans, L. J. (2002). Police handling of the mentally ill in domestic violence situations: Justicia Criminal y Comportamiento Vol. 29(3) Jun 2002, 278-307. Pescador, W. H., Barreira, P. J., Lincoln, Un. K., Simon, L. J., Blanco, Un. W., Roy-Bujnowski, K., et al. (2001). Insurance status and length of stay for involuntarily hospitalized patients: Journal of Behavioral Health Services & Research Vol 28(3) Ago 2001, 334-346. Pescador, W. H., & Pierce, G. L. (1985). Civil commitment reform: Context and consequences: Psychiatric Quarterly Vol 57(3-4) Fal-Ganar 1985, 217-229. Fishman, L. Un. (1983). The effects of labeling and legal commitment status upon the content of the attitudes of mental health professionals: Resúmenes de disertación internacional. Fitch, W. L., & Hammen, D. Un. (2003). The new generation of sex offender commitment laws: Which states have them and how do they work? Washington, DC: Asociación Americana de Psicología. Fitch, W. L., & Ortega, R. J. (2000). Law and the confinement of psychopaths: Behavioral Sciences & the Law Vol 18(5) 2000, 663-678. Fitzgerald, D. (1982). Violence and natural justice: Mental Health in Australia Vol 1(9) Dic 1982, 4-9. Fitzgerald, J. F., Peszke, M. Un., & Goodwin, R. C. (1978). Competency evaluations in Connecticut: Hospital & Psiquiatría Comunitaria Vol 29(7) Jul 1978, 450-453. Flanagan, T. E. (1978). A case study in involuntary psychiatric confinement: The Canadian Psychiatric Association Journal / La Revue de l'Association des psychiatres du Canada Vol 23(7) Nov 1978, 463-468. Flaschner, F. N. (1974). Constitutional requirements in the commitment of the mentally ill in the U.S.A.: Rights to liberty and therapy: Revista internacional de terapia de delincuentes y criminología comparada vol. 18(3) 1974, 283-301. Fleming, B. Un., & Caza, J. F. (1976). Bartley v. Kremens: A step backward? : Journal of the National Association of Private Psychiatric Hospitals Vol 8(3) Fal 1976, 10-14. Fleming, S. D. (1979). The interface of the mental health and criminal justice systems: An examination of Pennsylvania's Mental Health Procedures Act of 1976: Resúmenes de disertación internacional. Flores, L. F. B. (2003). Restriction in psychiatry: Anales de Psiquiatria Vol 19(2) Feb 2003, 55-63. Fond, J. Q. L. (1989). Civil Commitment in the 1980s: Back to the Medical Model? : PsycCRITIQUES Vol 34 (5), Mayo, 1989. Forrester, Un. (2002). Preventive detention, public protection and mental health: Revista de psiquiatría forense vol. 13(2) Sep 2002, 329-344. Fouillet, M., Tremine, T., & Margue, Y. (1988). Compulsory admission today: Study based on 172 cases in 1986 in the Seine-Saint-Denis department: L'Information Psychiatrique Vol 64(6) Jun 1988, 807-820. Franco, L. R. (1982). The crime of forced treatment: Issues in Radical Therapy Vol 10(1) Spr 1982, 6-11. Frankenburg, F. R. (1982). The history of the confinement of the mentally ill in Ontario: Revista psiquiátrica de la Universidad de Ottawa Vol 7(4) Dic 1982, 240-243. Freckelton, Yo. (1998). Decision-making about involuntary psychiatric treatment: An analysis of the principles behind Victorian practice: Psiquiatría, Psicología y Derecho Vol. 5(2) Nov 1998, 249-264. Freckelton, Yo. (2002). Psychopathy, dangerousness and involuntary detention in New Zealand: Fitness for release from compulsory treatment status: Psiquiatría, Psicología y Derecho Vol. 9(1) Apr 2002, 100-108. Freckelton, Yo. (2003). Ideological divarication in civil commitment decision-making: Psiquiatría, Psicología y Derecho Vol. 10(2) 2003, 390-396. Freckelton, Yo. (2005). Distractors and Distressors in Involuntary Status Decision-Making: Psiquiatría, Psicología y Derecho Vol. 12(1) Apr 2005, 88-102. Frederick, V., Coltrane, F. PAGS., & Griffith, L. (1976). Developing a partnership between a court and community agencies to reduce involuntary commitments: Hospital & Psiquiatría Comunitaria Vol 27(10) Oct 1976, 689-692. Fremouw, W. J. (1974). A new right to treatment: Revista de Psiquiatría & Law Vol 2(1) Spr 1974, 7-31. Gacono, C. B., Melodía, R., Speth, E., & Roske, Un. (1997). Above the law: Escapes from a maximum security forensic hospital and psychopathy: Revista de la Academia Estadounidense de Psiquiatría y Derecho Vol. 25(4) 1997, 547-550. Galie, L. P. (1978). An essay on the civil commitment lawyer: or How I learned to hate the adversary system: Revista de Psiquiatría & Law Vol 6(1) Spr 1978, 71-87. Garcia Cabeza, Yo., Rojano Capilla, PAGS., Arango Lopez, C., Sanz Amador, M., & Calcedo Ordonez, Un. (1998). Involuntary psychiatric hospitalization following expedient and in urgencies (about an inquiry): Anales de Psiquiatria Vol 14(7) Navidad-agosto 1998, 301-306. García, S. Un., & Batey, R. (1988). Protecting forcibly institutionalized mental patients from unwanted drug therapy: A fourth amendment analysis: Ley & Psychology Review Vol 12 Spr 1988, 1-19. García, S. Un., & Keilitz, Yo. (1991). Involuntary civil commitment of drug-dependent persons with special reference to pregnant women: Mental & Physical Disability Law Reporter Vol 15(4) Navidad-agosto 1991, 418-437. jardinero, W., & Hasta, C. (2001). Gratitude and coercion between physicians and patients: Anales psiquiátricos vol. 31(2) Feb 2001, 125-129. Garskof, B. E., & harris, L. (1967). The case of John Baehler: American Psychologist Vol 22(3) Estropear 1967, 234-235. Gayda, M., Ferrandi, J., & Vigneron, F. (1988). El médico, familia, mayor and prefect facing the law of 1838: The abusive lack of confinement: Annales Medico-Psychologiques Vol 146(9) Sep-Oct 1988, 846-849. Gelinas, L. (1994). The new rights of persons held in psychiatric institutions following the commission of a criminal offence: The Criminal Code revised and corrected: Canada's Mental Health Vol 42(1) Spr 1994, 10-16. geller, J. L. (1986). The quandaries of enforced community treatment and unenforceable outpatient commitment statutes: Revista de Psiquiatría & Law Vol 14(1-2) Spr-Suma 1986, 149-158. geller, J. L. (1987). "Derechos, wrongs, and the dilemma of coerced community treatment": Dr. Geller replies: Revista Americana de Psiquiatría Vol 144(5) Mayo 1987, 695-696. geller, J. L. (1990). Clinical guidelines for the use of involuntary outpatient treatment: Hospital & Psiquiatría Comunitaria Vol 41(7) Jul 1990, 749-755. geller, J. L., Pescador, W. H., & Kaye, N. S. (1991). Effect of evaluations of competency to stand trial on the state hospital in an era of increased community services: Hospital & Psiquiatría Comunitaria Vol 42(8) Ago 1991, 818-823. geller, J. L., & harris, M. (1994). Women of the asylum: Voices from behind the walls, 1840-1945. Nueva York, NY: Anchor Books/Doubleday. geller, J. L., & Lister, E. D. (1978). The process of criminal commitment for pretrial psychiatric examination: An evaluation: Revista Americana de Psiquiatría Vol 135(1) Ene 1978, 53-60. Genelli, T. (1990). Informed consent in involuntarily detained patients: An empirical investigation assessing the outcome of providing involuntarily detained patients with the opportunity to give or refuse informed consent prior to the adminstration of antipsychotic medicine: Resúmenes de disertación internacional. Alemán, J. R., & Cantante, Un. C. (1977). Punishing the not guilty: Hospitalization of persons acquitted by reason of insanity: Psychiatric Quarterly Vol 49(3) Fal 1977, 238-254. Gharagozlou, H. (1974). The rights of the mentally ill in Iran: Mental Health & Society Vol 1(1) 1974, 62-64. Gibbens, T. C., & robertson, G. (1983). A survey of the criminal careers of hospital order patients: Revista Británica de Psiquiatría Vol 143 Oct 1983, 362-369. Gibbens, T. C., & robertson, G. (1983). A survey of the criminal careers of restriction order patients: Revista Británica de Psiquiatría Vol 143 Oct 1983, 370-375. gibones, PAGS., & Walshe, D. (1993). Committal law in Ireland: Revista irlandesa de medicina psicológica vol. 10(2) Jun 1993, 104-109. Gibbs, Un., Dawson, J., Ansley, C., & Mullen, R. (2005). How patients in New Zealand view community treatment orders: Revista de salud mental vol. 14(4) Ago 2005, 357-368. gilberto, P. K. (1996). Review of The Writing on the Wall: Women's Autobiography and the Asylum: PsycCRITIQUES Vol 41 (4), Apr, 1996. Gilman, B., Spangler, P. F., & Meadows, S. (1990). Residential placement of individuals with mental retardation: Factors influencing court decisions: Mental Retardation Vol 28(4) Ago 1990, 241-244. Gilmore, C., Madera, G. C., & Rigby, J. C. (1994). Elderly patients and the Mental Health Act 1983: Revista internacional de psiquiatría geriátrica vol. 9(10) Oct 1994, 809-818. Vidrio, K. (1977). Right to treatment: O'Connor v. Donaldson: Salud & Social Work Vol 2(1) Feb 1977, 26-40. Goldstein, E. (1975). Compulsory treatment in Soviet psychiatric hospitals: A view from the inside: Psychiatric Opinion Vol 12(7) Sep 1975, 14-20. Golten, R. J. (1973). On casting the first stone: MH Vol 57(3) Suma 1973, 12-15. Gondolf, E. W., Mulvey, E. PAGS., & Hasta, C. W. (1991). Psychiatric admission of family violent versus nonfamily violent patients: Revista Internacional de Derecho y Psiquiatría vol. 14(3) 1991, 245-254. Goreta, M., & Majetic, B. (1996). Specificities of mourning in war conditions: Socijalna Psihijatrija Vol 24(1) Estropear 1996, 5-12. Gorovitz, S. (1982). The young adult chronic patient: A philosopher's view: New Directions for Mental Health Services No 14 Jun 1982, 111-119. Gouse, Un. S. (1982). Milieu therapy and right to treatment: Identifying components of adequacy: Resúmenes de disertación internacional. Gove, W. R., & Fain, T. (1977). A comparison of voluntary and committed psychiatric patients: Archivos de Psiquiatría General Vol. 34(6) Jun 1977, 669-676. Gove, W. R., Tovo, M., & abrazos, M. (1985). Involuntary psychiatric hospitalization: A review of the statutes regulating the social control of the mentally ill: Deviant Behavior Vol 6(3) 1985, 287-318. Grandmontagne, O., & Ayme, J. (1988). A strange affair of "abusive confinement." L'Information Psychiatrique Vol 64(6) Jun 1988, 821-825. Gray, J., & et al. (1985). Review panels for involuntary psychiatric patients: Which patients apply? : El Diario Canadiense de Psiquiatría / La Revue canadienne de psychiatrie Vol 30(8) Dic 1985, 573-576. verdeblatt, M. (1974). Class action and the right to treatment: Hospital & Psiquiatría Comunitaria Vol 25(7) Jul 1974, 449-452. Greenland, C., & Grifo, J. D. (1978). William Henry Jackson (1861-1952)--Riel's secretary: Another case of involuntary commitment? : The Canadian Psychiatric Association Journal / La Revue de l'Association des psychiatres du Canada Vol 23(7) Nov 1978, 469-477. Grudzinskas, Un. J., & Henry, M. G. (1997). Kansas v. Hendricks: Revista de la Academia Estadounidense de Psiquiatría y Derecho Vol. 25(4) 1997, 607-612. Guaiana, G., & Barbui, C. (2004). Trends in the use of the Italian Mental Health Act, 1979-1997: Psiquiatría Europea Vol. 19(7) Nov 2004, 444-445. Gudeman, H. (1981). Legal sanctions and clinicians: Clinical Psychologist Vol 34(2) Victoria 1981, 15-17. Guidry, L. L., McBride, W. Un., & Aguas, T. J. (1978). WAIS performance of forensic versus civilly committed mental retardates: Informes psicológicos vol. 43(3, Pt 1) Dic 1978, 723-726. Gullickson, T. (1995). Review of Women of the Asylum: Voices From Behind the Walls, 1840-1945: PsycCRITIQUES Vol 40 (4), Apr, 1995. Gunnells, S. L. (1990). Patient-therapist sexual relations: Professional services rendered? A case comment on Doe v. Swift: Ley & Psychology Review Vol 14 Spr 1990, 87-105. Buena salud, T. G. (1982). More on the right to refuse treatment: American Psychologist Vol 37(8) Ago 1982, 974-975. Gwirtsman, H. E., & et al. (1984). Phencyclidine intoxication: Incidencia, clinical patterns and course of treatment: Research Communications in Psychology, Psiquiatría & Comportamiento Vol 9(4) 1984, 405-410. Haddox, V. G. (1986). What power does the patient possess? : Anales psiquiátricos vol. 16(11) Nov 1986, 640-644. Hafling, W. R. (1976). An investigation of the effects of advocacy on behalf of the alleged mentally ill in the involuntary commitment process: Resúmenes de disertación internacional. Hajdukiewicz, D. (1975). Followup study of the patients interned in psychiatric hospital by the courts: Psiquiatría polaca vol. 9(2) 1975, 153-160. Sala, J. E., Williams, J. G., & Button, K. (1993). Cluster analysis of MMPI scales of patients involuntarily committed for chemical dependency treatment: Informes psicológicos vol. 73(3, Pt 1) Dic 1993, 739-744. Sala, W., & Flaherty, B. (1982). Involuntary admissions initiated by police officers under the New South Wales Mental Health Act, 1958: Mental Health in Australia Vol 1(9) Dic 1982, 31-33. Sala, W., & Flaherty, B. (1982). The Schedule 2 certificate under the New South Wales Mental Health Act, 1958: Mental Health in Australia Vol 1(8) Jun 1982, 36-43. Hallam, L. (2007). How involuntary commitment impacts on the burden of care of the family: International Journal of Mental Health Nursing Vol 16(4) Ago 2007, 247-256. Hamon, H. (1990). Psychiatric hospitalization for difficult adolescents: Viewpoint of a juvenile court judge: Perspectives Psychiatriques Vol 29(23) 1990, 185-191. Hanggi, S. (2006). Legal regulations for the mentally ill in Switzerland: Recht & Psiquiatría vol. 24(4) 2006, 168-173. Hansson, L., Muus, S., Saarento, O., Vinding, H. R., Gostas, G., Sandlund, M., et al. (1999). The Nordic comparative study on sectorized psychiatry: Rates of compulsory care and use of compulsory admissions during a 1-year follow-up: Psiquiatría Social y Epidemiología Psiquiátrica Vol. 34(2) Feb 1999, 99-104. Hargreaves, W. Un., Shumway, M., Knutsen, E. J., Weinstein, Un., & et al. (1987). Effects of the Jamison-Farabee consent decree: Due process protection for involuntary psychiatric patients treated with psychoactive medication: Revista Americana de Psiquiatría Vol 144(2) Feb 1987, 188-192. harris, G. (2003). Men in His Category Have a 50% Likelihood, But Which Half Is He In? Comments on Berlin, Galbreath, Geary, and McGlone: abuso sexual: Revista de investigación y tratamiento vol. 15(4) Oct 2003, 389-392. harrison, G., Ineichen, B., Herrero, J., & Morgan, H. G. (1984). Psychiatric hospital admissions in Bristol: II. Social and clinical aspects of compulsory admission: Revista Británica de Psiquiatría Vol 145 Dic 1984, 605-611. Ciervo, S. D. (2003). Actuarial Risk Assessment: Commentary on Berlin et al: abuso sexual: Revista de investigación y tratamiento vol. 15(4) Oct 2003, 383-388. Hasebe, T., & McRae, J. (1987). A ten-year study of civil commitments in Washington State: Hospital & Psiquiatría Comunitaria Vol 38(9) Sep 1987, 983-987. Hatfield, B., & Robinshaw, P. (1994). The use of compulsory powers by approved social workers in five local authorities: Some trends over two years: Revista de salud mental vol. 3(3) Sep 1994, 339-350. odiar, T., El pub, T., & Ulleberg, P. (2002). Admisiones obligatorias en hospitales psiquiátricos en Noruega: comparaciones internacionales y variaciones regionales: Revista de salud mental vol. 11(6) Dic 2002, 623-634. Hawkins, F., & Anders, S. (1965). Religious variables and the role of the clergy among mental patients: Journal of Pastoral Care 19(3) 1965, 148-153. Hayes, J. S. (1999). A validation study of the Assessment of Dissimulation Scale using criminal and civilly committed participants. Resúmenes de disertación internacional: Sección B: Las Ciencias y la Ingeniería. Hays, J. R. (1989). The role of Addington v Texas on involuntary civil commitment: Informes psicológicos vol. 65(3, Pt 2) Dic 1989, 1211-1215. Brezo, Yo. (2000). Does the Minnesota Sexually Dangerous Person (SDP) Act, allowing commitment of an individual convicted of a sexual crime and having completed a prison sentence, violate an individual's due process rights? : Revista de la Academia Estadounidense de Psiquiatría y Derecho Vol. 28(2) 2000, 245-247. Healburn, K., Golloway, G. G., Shoukry, V. E., & Gustafson, D. (1995). Physical control of patients on an inpatient setting: Forensic vs. civil populations: Psychiatric Quarterly Vol 66(2) Suma 1995, 133-145. Healburn, K., Healburn, P. G., & Grifo, N. (1988). Comparing females acquitted by reason of insanity, convicted, and civilly committed in Florida: 1977-1984: Ley y comportamiento humano vol. 12(3) Sep 1988, 295-311. Heinik, J., Avnon, M., & Hes, J. P. (1993). Psychiatric hospitalization of dementia patients by commitment order in Israel: Medicina & Law Vol 12(3-5) 1993, 381-388. Heinik, J., & Kimhi, R. (1995). Psychiatric hospitalization of senile and arteriosclerotic dementia patients by commitment order under the 1991 Israeli Mental Health Act: Medicina & Law Vol 14(5-6) 1995, 471-478. Held, Un. (1999). The civil commitment of sexual predators--Experience under Minnesota's law. Kingston, NJ: Civic Research Institute. Henderson, C., Flood, C., Leese, M., Thornicroft, G., Sutherby, K., & fumador, G. (2004). Effect of joint crisis plans on use of compulsory treatment in psychiatry: Single blind randomised controlled trial: BMJ: British Medical Journal Vol 329(7458) Jul 2004, No Pagination Specified. Henne, M. (1988). Un 20 years' inspection of the establishments subject to the law of June 30th, 1838: Annales Medico-Psychologiques Vol 146(9) Sep-Oct 1988, 862-868. Henry, M. G. (1997). Clinicians' perception of risk for liability in suicide assessment. Resúmenes de disertación internacional: Sección B: Las Ciencias y la Ingeniería. Hermann, D. H. (1990). Autonomy, self determination, the right of involuntarily committed persons to refuse treatment, and the use of substituted judgment in medication decisions involving incompetent persons: Revista Internacional de Derecho y Psiquiatría vol. 13(4) 1990, 361-385. Herron, C. L. (1993). Insanity defense: Effects of altering involuntary commitment statutes: Resúmenes de disertación internacional. Hola, V. Un. (1977). The role of counsel in civil commitment: Cambios, effects, and determinants: Revista de Psiquiatría & Law Vol 5(4) Victoria 1977, 551-569. Hola, V. Un. (1981). Court discretion: Application of the dangerousness standard in civil commitment: Ley y comportamiento humano vol. 5(4) 1981, 275-289. Hola, V. Un. (1983). Are lawyers enemies of psychiatrists? A survey of civil commitment counsel and judges: Revista Americana de Psiquiatría Vol 140(3) Estropear 1983, 323-326. Hola, V. Un. (1983). Judicial decisions in civil commitment: Facts, attitudes, and psychiatric recommendations: Ley & Society Review Vol 17(3) 1983, 517-530. Hola, V. Un. (1988). Civil commitment: A review of empirical research: Behavioral Sciences & the Law Vol 6(1) Victoria 1988, 15-43. Hola, V. Un. (1990). Dangerousness of civil commitment candidates: A six-month follow-up: Ley y comportamiento humano vol. 14(6) Dic 1990, 551-567. Hola, V. Un. (1991). Arrest and incarceration of civil commitment candidates: Hospital & Psiquiatría Comunitaria Vol 42(7) Jul 1991, 729-734. Hola, V. Un. (1992). Civil commitment and arrests: An investigation of the criminalization thesis: Revista de Enfermedades Nerviosas y Mentales Vol 180(3) Estropear 1992, 184-191. Hola, V. Un. (1992). "Civil commitment and arrests: An investigation of the criminalization thesis": Correction: Revista de Enfermedades Nerviosas y Mentales Vol 180(6) Jun 1992, 405. Hola, V. Un. (1992). Coercion in civil commitment: Process, preferences, and outcome: Revista Internacional de Derecho y Psiquiatría vol. 15(4) Fal 1992, 359-377. Hola, V. Un., & Buen hombre, R. R. (1982). The least restrictive alternative to involuntary hospitalization, outpatient commitment: Its use and effectiveness: Revista de Psiquiatría & Law Vol 10(1) Spr 1982, 81-96. Hola, V. Un., & Scheid-Cook, T. L. (1987). The North Carolina experience with outpatient commitment: A critical appraisal: Revista Internacional de Derecho y Psiquiatría vol. 10(3) 1987, 215-232. Hola, V. Un., & Scheid-Cook, T. L. (1989). A follow-up of chronic patients committed to outpatient treatment: Hospital & Psiquiatría Comunitaria Vol 40(1) Ene 1989, 52-59. Hola, V. Un., & Herrero, L. N. (1987). Effects of the dangerousness standard in civil commitment: Revista de Psiquiatría & Law Vol 15(3) Fal 1987, 433-454. Hola, V. Un., Swartz, M. S., Swanson, J., & Wagner, H. R. (1997). Percepciones de los pacientes sobre la coerción en la admisión en un hospital psiquiátrico: Revista Internacional de Derecho y Psiquiatría vol. 20(2) Spr 1997, 227-241. Hola, V. Un., Swartz, M. S., Swanson, J. W., Borum, R., & Wagner, H. R. (2002). La coerción en la atención de la salud mental. Nueva York, NY: Editores académicos/plenum de Kluwer. Hola, V. Un., & Gales, H. W. (2003). Civil commitment and arrests: Opinión actual en psiquiatría vol. 16(5) Sep 2003, 575-580. Hinton, J., Webster, S., & O'Neill, M. (1978). Simple behaviour rating scales for maximum security patients: Development and validation: British Journal of Social & Clinical Psychology Vol 17(3) Sep 1978, 255-259. Hoaken, P. C. (1986). Psiquiatría, civil liberty, and involuntary treatment: El Diario Canadiense de Psiquiatría / La Revue canadienne de psychiatrie Vol 31(3) Apr 1986, 222-226. Hoberman, H. M. (1999). Expert witness report and testimony in sexual predator civil commitment proceedings. Kingston, NJ: Civic Research Institute. Hoberman, H. M. (1999). The forensic evaluation of sex offenders in civil commitment proceedings. Kingston, NJ: Civic Research Institute. Hochstedler, E. (1982). The compelled psychiatric examination: Buscar, seizure, and interrogation: Revista de Psiquiatría & Law Vol 10(3) Fal 1982, 265-284. Hoge, S. K., Appelbaum, P. S., & Greer, Un. (1989). An empirical comparison of the Stone and dangerousness criteria for civil commitment: Revista Americana de Psiquiatría Vol 146(2) Feb 1989, 170-175. Hoge, S. K., Sachs, G., Appelbaum, P. S., Greer, Un., & et al. (1988). Limitations on psychiatrists' discretionary civil commitment authority by the Stone and dangerousness criteria: Archivos de Psiquiatría General Vol. 45(8) Ago 1988, 764-769. Holley, H. L., Kulczycki, G., & Arboleda-Florez, J. (1994). Case-mix funding and legislated psychiatric care: Revista Internacional de Derecho y Psiquiatría vol. 17(4) Fal 1994, 377-393. Holloway, J. (2001). 'Unfortunate Folk': A study of the social context of committal to Seacliff 1928-1937. Dunedin, Nueva Zelanda: University of Otago Press. Holstein, J. Un. (1987). Producing gender effects on involuntary mental hospitalization: Problemas Sociales Vol. 34(2) Apr 1987, 141-155. Holstein, J. Un. (1988). Court ordered incompetence: Conversational organization in involuntary commitment hearings: Problemas Sociales Vol. 35(4) Oct 1988, 458-473. Holstein, J. Un. (1990). Describing home care: Discourse and image in involuntary commitment proceedings. mil robles, California: Publicaciones sabias, Inc. Holstein, J. Un. (1990). The discourse of age in involuntary commitment proceedings: Journal of Aging Studies Vol 4(2) Suma 1990, 111-130. Holstein, J. Un. (1993). Court-ordered insanity: Interpretive practice and involuntary commitment. Hawthorne, NY: Aldine de Gruyter. Holzinger, Un., Kaup, B., & Gutierrez-Lobos, K. (2002). Potentially dangerous behavior in the mentally ill: Attitudes of journalists and medical students toward compulsory admission: Revista internacional de terapia de delincuentes y criminología comparada vol. 46(4) Ago 2002, 445-452. Hori, Un., Nakamura, K., Shimada, T., & Hirasawa, T. (2002). Interrater reliability of two designated physicians during clinical assessment for involuntary admission by prefectural governor: Seishin Igaku (Clinical Psychiatry) Para. 44(7) Jul 2002, 743-751. Hoyer, G. (1985). Compulsory admissions to and detention in psychiatric institutions: A summary of the legislation and practice in Scandinavian countries: Nordisk Psykiatrisk Tidsskrift Vol 39(2) 1985, 147-157. Hoyer, G. (1986). Compulsorily admitted patients' ability to make use of their legal rights: Revista Internacional de Derecho y Psiquiatría vol. 8(4) 1986, 413-422. Hoyer, G. (1986). The Control-Commissions in Norwegian mental health care: Revista Internacional de Derecho y Psiquiatría vol. 9(4) 1986, 469-478. Hoyer, G. (1988). The Control-Commissions' procedure of complaints in Norwegian mental hospitals: Revista Internacional de Derecho y Psiquiatría vol. 11(1) 1988, 61-76. Hoyer, G. (1988). Grounds for involuntary hospitalization according to the opinion of Norwegian psychiatrists: Revista Internacional de Derecho y Psiquiatría vol. 11(3) 1988, 289-303. Hoyer, G., El sótano, L., Engberg, M., Kaltiala-Heino, R., Nilstun, T., sigurjonsdottir, M., et al. (2002). Paternalismo y autonomía: Una presentación de un estudio nórdico sobre el uso de la coerción en el sistema de atención de la salud mental: Revista Internacional de Derecho y Psiquiatría vol. 25(2) Mar-Abr 2002, 93-108. Huber, J. PAGS., Macher, J. PAGS., & Alliez, J. (1980). The forced hospitalization of the insane at Avignon during the 18th century: L'Information Psychiatrique Vol 56(10) Dic 1980, 1257-1266. Huey, K. (1978). Conference report: A mental health law symposium on the insanity defense and civil commitment: Hospital & Psiquiatría Comunitaria Vol 29(7) Jul 1978, 443-449. abrazos, J. S. (1986). Isaac Ray's "Project of a Law" and the 19th century debate over involuntary commitment: Revista Internacional de Derecho y Psiquiatría vol. 9(2) 1986, 191-200. Humphrey, G. W. (1985). Civil commitment of Indian persons: A dilemma in mental health and law: White Cloud Journal Vol 3(4) 1985, 27-30. Humphreys, M. (1994). Junior psychiatrists and emergency compulsory detention in Scotland: Revista Internacional de Derecho y Psiquiatría vol. 17(4) Fal 1994, 421-429. Huot, S. (1999). The referral process. Kingston, NJ: Civic Research Institute. Huss, M. T., & Zeiss, R. Un. (2005). You have the right not to have a hearing: An evaluation of the impact of fully advising civilly committed patients on their rights: Revista Internacional de Derecho y Psiquiatría vol. 28(4) Navidad-agosto 2005, 334-341. Husted, J. R., & Nehemkis, Un. (1995). Civil commitment viewed from three perspectives: Professional, familia, and police: Bulletin of the American Academy of Psychiatry & the Law Vol 23(4) 1995, 533-546. Huxley, P. J., & Kerfoot, M. (1993). Variation in requests to social services departments for assessment for compulsory psychiatric admission: Psiquiatría Social y Epidemiología Psiquiátrica Vol. 28(2) Apr 1993, 71-76. Isherwood, S., & Parrott, J. (2002). Audit of transfers under the Mental Health Act from prison: The impact of organisational change: Boletín Psiquiátrico Vol. 26(10) Oct 2002, 368-370. Isohanni, M., & Nieminen, P. (1990). Relationship between involuntary admission and the therapy process in a closed ward functioning as a therapeutic community: Acta psiquiátrica Scandinavica vol. 81(3) Estropear 1990, 240-244. Isohanni, M., Nieminen, PAGS., Moring, J., Pylkkanen, K., & et al. (1991). The dilemma of civil rights versus the right to treatment: Questionable involuntary admissions to a mental hospital: Acta psiquiátrica Scandinavica vol. 83(4) Apr 1991, 256-261. Izquierdo, R. M. (1978). Hospitalization in psychiatry from the legal point of view: Revista Colombiana de Psiquiatria Vol 7(1) Estropear 1978, 76-93. Jackson, R. L., & ricardos, H. J. (2007). Diagnostic and risk profiles among civilly committed sex offenders in Washington state: Revista internacional de terapia de delincuentes y criminología comparada vol. 51(3) Jun 2007, 313-323. Jacobson, D. S. (1973). From protective custody to treatment in a hurry: Social Work Vol 18(2) Estropear 1973, 55-64. Janus, E. S. (1998). Hendricks and the moral terrain of police power civil commitment: Psicología, Política pública, and Law Vol 4(1-2) Mar-Jun 1998, 297-322. Janus, E. S. (2000). Sex predator commitment laws: Constitutional but unwise: Anales psiquiátricos vol. 30(6) Jun 2000, 411-420. Janus, E. S. (2000). Sexual predator commitment laws: Lessons for law and the behavioral sciences: Behavioral Sciences & the Law Vol 18(1) 2000, 5-21. Janus, E. S. (2003). Treatment and the civil commitment of sex offenders. Washington, DC: Asociación Americana de Psicología. Janus, E. S., & Meehl, P. E. (1997). Assessing the legal standard for predictions of dangerousness in sex offender commitment proceedings: Psicología, Política pública, and Law Vol 3(1) Estropear 1997, 33-64. Janus, E. S., & Nudell, L. J. (1999). Defending sex offender commitment cases. Kingston, NJ: Civic Research Institute. Jaworowski, S., Nachmias, S., & Zabow, Un. (1995). Enforced psychiatric treatment of minors in Israel: The interface between the Mental Health Act and the Youth Law: Israel Journal of Psychiatry and Related Sciences vol. 32(2) 1995, 114-119. Johanson, E. (1986). "Psiquiatría, compulsion and legal security: A report from the Social Affairs Commission in Sweden": A critical response: Revista Internacional de Derecho y Psiquiatría vol. 8(3) 1986, 335-341. Johnson, B. R. (2004). Involuntary commitment. Nueva York, NY: Elsevier Science. Johnson, B. R., & harrison, J. Un. (2000). Suspected Munchausen's syndrome and civil commitment: Revista de la Academia Estadounidense de Psiquiatría y Derecho Vol. 28(1) 2000, 74-76. Jones, H. H. (1983). Assessment of civil commitment and increasing staff correct completion of required commitment procedures: Resúmenes de disertación internacional. Jones, H. H., Morris, E. K., & Barnard, J. D. (1985). Increasing staff completion of civil commitment forms through instructions and graphed group performance feedback: Journal of Organizational Behavior Management Vol 7(3-4) Fal-Ganar 1985-1986, 29-43. Jones, J. C. W., & Ciccone, J. R. (2007). Civil commitment: Revista de la Academia Estadounidense de Psiquiatría y Derecho Vol. 35(2) Jun 2007, 262-264. Jones, L. R., Parlour, R. R., & Badger, L. W. (1982). The inappropriate commitment of the aged: Bulletin of the American Academy of Psychiatry & the Law Vol 10(1) 1982, 29-38. Jones, R. M. (1987). Clinicians' judgments of hospitalized mental patients as a function of commitment status and race: Resúmenes de disertación internacional. Joost, R. H., & McGarry, Un. L. (1974). Massachusetts Mental Health Code: Promise and performance: American Bar Association Journal Vol 60 Ene 1974, 95-98. Jorgensen, G. T., & lyon, D. D. (1972). Human rights and involuntary civil commitment: Professional Psychology Vol 3(2) Spr 1972, 143-150. Joseph, P. L., & Potter, M. (1993). "Court diversion": Reply: Revista Británica de Psiquiatría Vol 163 Sep 1993, 413-414. Joue, S. (2002). The involuntary civil commitment of mentally ill persons in the United States and Romania: A comparative analysis: Journal of Legal Medicine Vol 23(2) Jun 2002, 211-250. Kaasenbrood, Un. (1988). The psychiatrist and dangerousness as a motif for commitment: Revista de psiquiatría vol. 30(10) 1988, 679-691. Kahle, L. R., & Sales, B. D. (1978). Attitudes of clinical psychologists toward involuntary civil commitment law: Professional Psychology Vol 9(3) Ago 1978, 428-439. Kahle, L. R., Sales, B. D., & Nagel, S. (1978). On unicorns blocking commitment law reform: Revista de Psiquiatría & Law Vol 6(1) Spr 1978, 89-105. Kalian, M. (1995). comentario sobre "Problems in implementing the 1991 Treatment of Mental Patients Law in Israel." Israel Journal of Psychiatry and Related Sciences vol. 32(2) 1995, 108. Kalichman, S. C. (1993). "The civil commitment of sex offenders in light of Foucha v. Louisiana": Comentario: Justicia Criminal y Comportamiento Vol. 20(4) Dic 1993, 388-390. Kallert, T. W. (2005). Legal involuntary admissions to general psychiatric hospitals in Germany: Are the rates increasing? : Die Psychiatrie: Grundlagen & Perspektiven Vol 4(1) 2005, 231-234. Kalman, T. P. (1983). An overview of patient satisfaction with psychiatric treatment: Hospital & Psiquiatría Comunitaria Vol 34(1) Ene 1983, 48-54. Kaltiala-Heino, R. (2004). Increase in involuntary psychiatric admissions of minors: A register study: Psiquiatría Social y Epidemiología Psiquiátrica Vol. 39(1) Ene 2004, 53-59. Kaltiala-Heino, R., & Frojd, S. (2007). Severe mental disorder as a basic commitment criterion for minors: Revista Internacional de Derecho y Psiquiatría vol. 30(1) ene-feb 2007, 81-94. Kaltiala-Heino, R., & Valimaki, M. (1999). Involuntary psychiatric treatment in the threshold of the 21st century: Psiquiatría Fennica vol. 30 1999, 185-204. Kapamadzija, B. (1987). Psychoses as a social danger: Psihijatrija Danas Vol 19(1-2) 1987, 149-158. Kaplan, H. (1972). Social values and the commitment of the mentally ill: Massachusetts Journal of Mental Health Vol 3(1) Fal 1972, 14-28. Keilitz, Yo. (1988). NCSC guidelines for involuntary civil commitment: A workable framework for justice in practice: Hospital & Psiquiatría Comunitaria Vol 39(4) Apr 1988, 398-402. Keilitz, Yo., & Sala, T. (1985). State statutes governing involuntary outpatient civil commitment: Mental & Physical Disability Law Reporter Vol 9(5) Sep-Oct 1985, 378-397. Keilitz, Yo., & Van Duizend, R. (1986). Current trends in the involuntary civil commitment of mentally disabled persons: Rehabilitation Psychology Vol 31(1) Spr 1986, 27-35. Kelly, J. (2003). Review of The Sexual Predator: Legal Issues, Clinical Issues, Special Populations, Volume II: Revista de Psiquiatría & Law Vol 31(3) Fal 2003, 373-378. Kelly, M., Dunbar, S., Gray, J. E., & O'Reilly, R. L. (2002). Treatment delays for involuntary psychiatric patients associated with reviews of treatment capacity: El Diario Canadiense de Psiquiatría / La Revue canadienne de psychiatrie Vol 47(2) Estropear 2002, 181-185. Kemali, D., & et al. (1985). Application of the Psychiatric Reform Act in the city of Naples: A survey of requests for compulsory admission to the Special Unit at the University Psychiatric Department I: Acta psiquiátrica Scandinavica vol. 71(316, Suppl) 1985, 127-134. kennedy, C. J. (2002). The perception and role of the involuntary civil commitment hearing through the eyes of the petitioner: Procedural versus distributive justice. Resúmenes de disertación internacional: Sección B: Las Ciencias y la Ingeniería. Kessen, C. (1994). The effects of legislative reform in New Jersey on civil commitment. Resúmenes de disertación internacional: Sección B: Las Ciencias y la Ingeniería. Kessen, C. (1997). Emergency commitment and legislative reform in New Jersey: American Journal of Orthopsychiatry Vol 67(1) Ene 1997, 123-133. Keywood, K. (1996). Rectification of incorrect documentation under the Mental Health Act 1983: Revista de psiquiatría forense vol. 7(1) Mayo 1996, 79-91. Kirk, Un. (1989). The prediction of violent behavior during short-term civil commitment: Bulletin of the American Academy of Psychiatry & the Law Vol 17(4) 1989, 345-353. El sótano, L. (1997). Compulsory psychiatric care in Sweden 1979-1993. Prevalence of committed patients, discharge rates and area variation: Psiquiatría Social y Epidemiología Psiquiátrica Vol. 32(2) Feb 1997, 90-96. El sótano, L., Hoyer, G., Engberg, M., Kaltiala-Heino, R., & sigurjonsdottir, M. (2006). Diferencias en la coerción percibida al ingreso en hospitales psiquiátricos en los países nórdicos: Psiquiatría Social y Epidemiología Psiquiátrica Vol. 41(3) Estropear 2006, 241-247. El sótano, L., & Nilstun, T. (1993). Medical and social paternalism: Regulation of and attitudes towards compulsory psychiatric care: Acta psiquiátrica Scandinavica vol. 88(6) Dic 1993, 415-419. El sótano, L., & Westrin, C.-G. (1989). Studies of psychiatric care, especially compulsory care, in two Swedish districts: Experiences and attitudes of cooperating care providers: Nordisk Psykiatrisk Tidsskrift Vol 43(4) 1989, 369-373. El sótano, L., Westrin, C.-G., Erikson, K., Axelsson-Ostman, M., & et al. (1993). Coerción en la atención psiquiátrica: Problemas de ética médica en un estudio empírico integral: Behavioral Sciences & the Law Vol 11(3) Suma 1993, 323-334. Klein, G. C. (1989). Law and the disordered: An exploration in mental health, ley, and sociology: Resúmenes de disertación internacional. Knapp, S., & VandeCreek, L. (1987). A review of tort liability in involuntary civil commitment: Hospital & Psiquiatría Comunitaria Vol 38(6) Jun 1987, 648-651. Caballero, R. Un., & Prentky, R. Un. (1987). The developmental antecedents and adult adaptations of rapist subtypes: Justicia Criminal y Comportamiento Vol. 14(4) Dic 1987, 403-426. Knobel, M. (1974). The rights of the mentally ill: Towards a review of the concept of psychiatry and the psychiatrist: Mental Health & Society Vol 1(3-4) 1974, 228-245. Kohlenberg, R. J., Tsai, M., García, R. F., Aguayo, L. V., Parra, Un. F., & Virues-Ortega, J. (2005). Functional-psychoanalytic psychotherapy and acceptance and commitment therapy: Teoría, applications and its relationships with traditional behavior analysis: International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology Vol 5(2) Mayo 2005, 349-371. Komer, W. J., O'Reilly, R. L., Cernovsky, Z., & Dunbar, S. (1999). Review Board outcomes for involuntary patients in provincial psychiatric hospitals: El Diario Canadiense de Psiquiatría / La Revue canadienne de psychiatrie Vol 44(5) Jun 1999, 495-498. Konrad, N. (1991). Simultaneous insurance and suspension of a mandatory commitment: Recht & Psiquiatría vol. 9(1) 1991, 2-7. Kopetzki, C. (1991). The new Austrian law on psychiatric patients' commitments: Recht & Psiquiatría vol. 9(2) 1991, 61-69. Kramer, K. (1972). Protective legal services for the mentally ill: Hospital & Psiquiatría Comunitaria Vol 23(8) Ago 1972, 253-255. Kress, F. (1979). Evaluations of dangerousness: Schizophrenia Bulletin Vol 5(2) 1979, 211-217. Kress, K. (2006). Pudriéndose con sus derechos puestos: Por qué los criterios para dar por terminado el encarcelamiento o la restricción de la libertad no necesitan ser los mismos que los criterios para iniciar el encarcelamiento o la restricción de la libertad, y cómo la restricción puede a veces continuar justificadamente después de que sus requisitos previos ya no se satisfacen: Behavioral Sciences & the Law Vol 24(4) 2006, 573-598. Kress, K. J. (2004). Why lack of insight should have a central place in mental health law. Nueva York, NY: Oxford University Press. Kullgren, G., jacobsson, L., Lynoe, N., & Kohn, R. (1996). Practices and attitudes among Swedish psychiatrists regarding the ethics of compulsory treatment: Acta psiquiátrica Scandinavica vol. 93(5) Mayo 1996, 389-396. Kumasaka, Y. (1972). The lawyer's role in involuntary commitment: New York's experience: Mental Hygiene Vol 56(2) Spr 1972, 21-29. Kumasaka, Y., & Stokes, J. (1972). Involuntary hospitalization: Opinions and attitudes of psychiatrists and lawyers: Psiquiatría Integral Vol. 13(3) Mayo 1972, 201-208. Kunjukrishnan, R. (1979). 10 year survey of pretrial examinations in Saskatchewan: El Diario Canadiense de Psiquiatría / La Revue canadienne de psychiatrie Vol 24(7) Nov 1979, 683-689. El fondo, J. Q. (2005). Sexually Violent Predator Laws. Washington, DC: Asociación Americana de Psicología. El fondo, J. q, & Srebnik, D. (2002). El impacto de las directivas anticipadas de salud mental en las percepciones de los pacientes sobre la coerción en el compromiso civil y las decisiones de tratamiento: Revista Internacional de Derecho y Psiquiatría vol. 25(6) Nov-Dic 2002, 537-555. Lacoursiere, R. B. (1983). A footnote to Parham: Was J. L. a casualty of the mental health bar? : Bulletin of the American Academy of Psychiatry & the Law Vol 11(3) 1983, 279-285. LaFrance, Un. B. (1995). Mental commitments: The judicial function: A case perspective: Revista de Psiquiatría & Law Vol 23(1) Spr 1995, 3-153. Lamb, H. R. (2003). Review of Who Qualifies for Rights? Homelessness, Mental Illness, and Civil Commitment: Revista Americana de Psiquiatría Vol 160(8) Ago 2003, 1533. Lamb, H. R., & Mills, M. J. (1986). Needed changes in law and procedure for the chronically mentally ill: Hospital & Psiquiatría Comunitaria Vol 37(5) Mayo 1986, 475-480. Lamb, H. R., Sorkin, Un. PAGS., & Zusman, J. (1981). Legislating social control of the mentally ill in California: Revista Americana de Psiquiatría Vol 138(3) Estropear 1981, 334-339. Lastra Martinez, Yo., Ramos Vicente, Y. M., Gonzalez Seijo, J. C., & Fernandez Perez, C. (1993). Clinical and therapeutic aspects of compulsory psychiatric admissions in a general hospital: Psiquis: Revista de Psiquiatría, Psicologia y Psicosomatica Vol 14(5) Jun 1993, 49-57. Lauber, C., Nordt, C., Falcato, L., & Rossler, W. (2002). Public attitude to compulsory admission of mentally ill people: Acta psiquiátrica Scandinavica vol. 105(5) Mayo 2002, 385-389. Lauber, C., & Rossler, W. (2007). Involutnary admission and the attitude of the general population, and mental health professionals: Práctica psiquiátrica vol. 34(Supl2) Apr 2007, S181-S185. Laves, R. G. (1975). The prediction of dangerousness as a criterion for involuntary civil commitment: Constitutional considerations: Revista de Psiquiatría & Law Vol 3(3) Fal 1975, 291-326. LaWall, J. S. (1982). Involuntary patients in general hospitals: A positive view: Bulletin of the American Academy of Psychiatry & the Law Vol 10(3) 1982, 183-188. Leaf, P. (1977). Wyatt v. Stickney: Assessing the impact in Alabama: Hospital & Psiquiatría Comunitaria Vol 28(5) Mayo 1977, 351-356. Leavitt, N. (1987). Conformance to attorney performance standards: Attorney advocacy behavior in a maximum security facility: Resúmenes de disertación internacional. Lebegue, B., & Clark, L. D. (1981). Incompetence to refuse treatment: A necessary condition for civil commitment: Revista Americana de Psiquiatría Vol 138(8) Ago 1981, 1075-1077. Lecompte, D., Pelc, Yo., Szafran, W., & Abeloos, M. T. (1993). The revision of the mental health commitment law in Belgium: The medical viewpoint: Medicina & Law Vol 12(3-5) 1993, 305-309. Ledwidge, B., Glackman, W., Paredes, J., Chen, R., & et al. (1987). Controlled follow-up of patients released by a review panel at one and two years after separation: El Diario Canadiense de Psiquiatría / La Revue canadienne de psychiatrie Vol 32(6) Ago 1987, 448-453. Legemaate, J. (1988). Legal aspects of voluntary psychiatric hospitalization: Revista Internacional de Derecho y Psiquiatría vol. 11(3) 1988, 259-268. Leiber, M. J. (1992). Civil commitment in Dane County, Wisconsin: 1969 a través de 1984: Revista de Psiquiatría & Law Vol 20(2) Suma 1992, 207-242. Leiber, M. J. (1992). Interactions between civil commitment and protective placement: An empirical assessment: Revista Internacional de Derecho y Psiquiatría vol. 15(3) Suma 1992, 265-281. Lelliott, PAGS., & Audini, B. (2003). Trends in the use of Part II of the Mental Health Act 1983 in seven English local authority areas: Revista Británica de Psiquiatría Vol 182(1) Ene 2003, 68-70. Leong, G. B. (1987). Outpatient civil commitment: Revista Americana de Psiquiatría Vol 144(5) Mayo 1987, 694-695. Leong, G. B., silva, J. Un., & Leong, C. Un. (1990). Judicial discharge of involuntary patients: Psychiatric Quarterly Vol 61(2) Suma 1990, 135-141. Lerman, Yo. (1990). Adjustment of latency age children in joint and single custody arrangements: Resúmenes de disertación internacional. Leschied, Un. W., & Hyatt, C. W. (1986). Perspective: Section 22(1), consent to treatment order under the Young Offenders Act: Canadian Journal of Criminology Vol 28(1) Ene 1986, 69-78. Leung, P. K., Faulkner, L. R., McFarland, B. H., & Riley, C. (1993). Indochinese patients in the civil commitment process: Bulletin of the American Academy of Psychiatry & the Law Vol 21(1) 1993, 81-89. Leuw, E. (1990). Legitimacy and effectiveness of judicially mandated drug-addiction treatment: Tijdschrift voor Alcohol, Drugs en Andere Psychotrope Stoffen Vol 16(4) 1990, 142-149. Levenson, J. L. (1986). Psychiatric commitment and involuntary hospitalization: An ethical perspective: Psychiatric Quarterly Vol 58(2) Suma 1986-1987, 106-112. Levenson, J. S. (2004). Reliability of Sexually Violent Predator Civil Commitment Criteria in Florida: Ley y comportamiento humano vol. 28(4) Ago 2004, 357-368. Levenson, J. S., & Morin, J. W. (2006). Factors Predicting Selection of Sexually Violent Predators for Civil Commitment: Revista internacional de terapia de delincuentes y criminología comparada vol. 50(6) Dic 2006, 609-629. Levinson, J. F. (1990). Involuntary commitment by police and mental health personnel: Resúmenes de disertación internacional. Levit, H. Yo. (1998). Commitment hearings and patients' constitutional rights: Psychotherapy in Private Practice Vol 17(4) 1998, 69-72. Lewis, D. Un., & et al. (1984). The negotiation of involuntary civil commitment: Ley & Society Review Vol 18(4) 1984, 629-649. Lidberg, L., & Belfrage, H. (1991). Mentally disordered offenders in Sweden: Bulletin of the American Academy of Psychiatry & the Law Vol 19(4) 1991, 389-393. Lidberg, L., & Siponmaa, L. (1978). The form of care given to Finnish citizens committed to closed psychiatric care by the Swedish courts: Psychiatria Fennica 1978, 169-172. Hasta, C. W., Hoge, S. K., jardinero, W., Bennett, N. S., & et al. (1995). Coerción percibida en el ingreso a hospitales psiquiátricos: Presiones y proceso: Archivos de Psiquiatría General Vol. 52(12) Dic 1995, 1034-1039. Hasta, C. W., Mulvey, E. PAGS., Appelbaum, P. S., & Cleveland, S. (1989). Commitment: The consistency of clinicians and the use of legal standards: Revista Americana de Psiquiatría Vol 146(2) Feb 1989, 176-181. Lieb, R. (2003). State policy perspectives on sexual predator laws. Washington, DC: Asociación Americana de Psicología. Lieb, R., & nelson, C. (2001). Treatment programs for sexually violent predators--A review of states. Kingston, NJ: Civic Research Institute. Linburn, G. E. (1998). Donaldson revisited: Is dangerousness a constitutional requirement for civil commitment? : Revista de la Academia Estadounidense de Psiquiatría y Derecho Vol. 26(3) 1998, 343-351. Lindsey, K. PAGS., & Paul, G. L. (1989). Involuntary commitments to public mental institutions: Issues involving the overrepresentation of Blacks and assessment of relevant functioning: Psychological Bulletin Vol 106(2) Sep 1989, 171-183. Lindsey, K. PAGS., Paul, G. L., & Mariotto, M. J. (1989). Urban psychiatric commitments: Disability and dangerous behavior of Black and White recent admissions: Hospital & Psiquiatría Comunitaria Vol 40(3) Estropear 1989, 286-294. Lindstrom, E., Palmstierna, T., Wallsten, T., Lindstrom, L., & et al. (1994). Key symptoms in patients with a psychotic syndrome in need for compulsory care: European Journal of Psychiatry Vol 8(1) Enero-Mar 1994, 5-14. Lionarons, W. H. (1989). Involuntary commitment of drug users? : Tijdschrift voor Alcohol, Drugs en Andere Psychotrope Stoffen Vol 15(1) Feb 1989, 15-24. Lipsitt, P. D., & Lelos, D. (1981). Decision makers in law and psychiatry and the involuntary civil commitment process: Diario de Salud Mental Comunitaria Vol. 17(2) Suma 1981, 114-122. Liss, R., & Frances, Un. (1975). Court-mandated treatment: Dilemmas for hospital psychiatry: Revista Americana de Psiquiatría Vol 132(9) Sep 1975, 924-927. Litwack, T. R. (1994). Assessments of dangerousness: Legal, investigación, and clinical developments: Administración y Política en Salud Mental Vol. 21(5) Mayo 1994, 361-377. Lonsdorf, R. G. (1983). The involuntary commitment of adults: An examination of recent legal trends: Psychiatric Clinics of North America Vol 6(4) Dic 1983, 651-660. Luckey, J. W. (1979). Effects of commitment laws on admission characteristics to state hospitals: A quasi-experimental time-series analysis: Resúmenes de disertación internacional. Luckey, J. W., & Berman, J. J. (1981). Effects of new commitment laws on the mental health system: American Journal of Orthopsychiatry Vol 51(3) Jul 1981, 479-483. lyon, D., & O'Malley, Un. (2002). El etiquetado de la disidencia: política y psiquiatría detrás de la Gran Muralla: Boletín Psiquiátrico Vol. 26(12) Dic 2002, 443-444. Maddux, J. F. (1988). Clinical experience with civil commitment: Revista de problemas de drogas vol. 18(4) Fal 1988, 575-594. Mahler, H., & Co, B. T. (1984). Who are the "committed"? Update: Revista de Enfermedades Nerviosas y Mentales Vol 172(4) Apr 1984, 189-196. Mahler, H., Co, B. T., & Dinwiddie, S. (1986). Studies in involuntary civil commitment and involuntary electroconvulsive therapy: Revista de Enfermedades Nerviosas y Mentales Vol 174(2) Feb 1986, 97-106. Malla, Un., & Norman, R. M. (1988). Involuntary admissions in a Canadian province: The influence of geographic and population factors: Psiquiatría Social y Epidemiología Psiquiátrica Vol. 23(4) Oct 1988, 247-251. Malmquist, C. P. (1979). Can the committed patient refuse chemotherapy? : Archivos de Psiquiatría General Vol. 36(3) Estropear 1979, 351-354. Maloy, K. Un. (1990). Caring and controlling: The political and socioeconomic factors shaping state civil commitment laws: Resúmenes de disertación internacional. Maltsberger, J. T. (2003). Scott Ames: A man giving up on himself: Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior Vol 33(3) Fal 2003, 331-337. Mann, D. W. (1989). Inpatient treatment of the mentally ill substance abuser: Some medicolegal concerns: Revista de Tratamiento de Abuso de Sustancias vol. 6(1) 1989, 19-21. Manson, S. M., Bloom, J. D., rogers, J. L., & Neligh, G. (1987). Emerging tribal models for the civil commitment of American Indians: American Indian and Alaska Native Mental Health Research Vol 1(1) Jun 1987, 6-23. Many, S. E. (1983). Psychiatric training and involuntary commitment: Revista de Psiquiatría & Law Vol 11(1) Spr 1983, 41-53. Marcos, L. R. (1989). Mentally ill and homeless: The plight of freedom: Issues in Ego Psychology Vol 12(1) 1989, 20-28. Marcos, L. R., & Cohen, N. L. (1986). Taking the suspected mentally ill off the streets to public general hospitals: New England Journal of Medicine Vol 315(18) Oct 1986, 1158-1161. Marker, G. R. (1973). Protecting the rights of the mentally handicapped through the courts: Child Care Quarterly Vol 2(3) Fal 1973, 204-213. Markoczy, E. (2004). Parallel process and supervisees' openness in psychotherapy supervision: A qualitative analysis. Resúmenes de disertación internacional: Sección B: Las Ciencias y la Ingeniería. Marques, J. K. (2001). Professional standards for civil commitment programs. Kingston, NJ: Civic Research Institute. Avión, B. Un., & Cheung, K. D. (1985). Civil commitment trends in Ontario: The effect of legislation on clinical practice: El Diario Canadiense de Psiquiatría / La Revue canadienne de psychiatrie Vol 30(4) Jun 1985, 259-264. Avión, B. Un., & Pedro, Un. M. (1987). Civil commitment and consent for electroconvulsive therapy in Ontario: El Diario Canadiense de Psiquiatría / La Revue canadienne de psychiatrie Vol 32(1) Feb 1987, 35-42. Avión, V., & Steinert, T. (2005). A Comparison of the Laws of Involuntary Commitment of Germany's 16 Federal States: Krankenhauspsychiatrie Vol 16(1) Estropear 2005, 2-12. marx, J. Yo., & Levinson, R. M. (1988). Statutory change and "street-level" implementation of psychiatric commitment: Social Science & Medicine Vol 27(11) 1988, 1247-1256. mayers, K. M. (1994). The reluctant respondent: The geriatric patient in a civil commitment hearing: Revista estadounidense de psicología forense vol. 12(2) 1994, 59-69. mayers, K. S. (1991). A sentence completion task for use in the assessment of psychotic patients: Revista estadounidense de psicología forense vol. 9(2) 1991, 19-30. mayers, K. S. (1994). Compromiso civil del paciente con demencia grave: Coacción y comunicación ineficaz: Revista estadounidense de psicología forense vol. 12(3) 1994, 55-62. McAllister, S. R. (1998). Sex offenders and mental illness: A lesson in federalism and the separation of powers: Psicología, Política pública, and Law Vol 4(1-2) Mar-Jun 1998, 268-296. McCollough, T. E. (1974). Mental illness and public policy: Journal of Religion & Health Vol 13(4) Oct 1974, 251-258. McCready, J., & Merskey, H. (1982). On the recording of mental illness for civil commitment: El Diario Canadiense de Psiquiatría / La Revue canadienne de psychiatrie Vol 27(2) Estropear 1982, 140-143. McCready, J., & Merskey, H. (1984). Reasons for involuntary commitment in Manitoba and Ontario: El Diario Canadiense de Psiquiatría / La Revue canadienne de psychiatrie Vol 29(1) Feb 1984, 72. McDonnell, E., & Bartholomew, T. (1997). Community treatment orders in Victoria: Emergent issues and anomalies: Psiquiatría, Psicología y Derecho Vol. 4(1) Apr 1997, 25-36. McEvoy, J. PAGS., Applebaum, P. S., Apperson, L. J., geller, J. L., & et al. (1989). Why must some schizophrenic patients be involuntarily committed? The role of insight: Psiquiatría Integral Vol. 30(1) ene-feb 1989, 13-17. McFarland, B. H., Brunette, M., Steketee, K., Faulkner, L. R., & et al. (1993). Long-term follow-up of rural involuntary clients: Journal of Mental Health Administration Vol 20(1) Spr 1993, 46-57. McFarland, B. H., Faulkner, L. R., & Bloom, J. D. (1990). Predicting involuntary patients' length of stay: Administración y Política en Salud Mental Vol. 17(3) Spr 1990, 139-149. McFarland, B. H., Faulkner, L. R., Bloom, J. D., Hallaux, R., & et al. (1990). Family members' opinions about civil commitment: Hospital & Psiquiatría Comunitaria Vol 41(5) Mayo 1990, 537-540. McFarland, B. H., Faulkner, L. R., Bloom, J. D., Hallaux, R. J., & et al. (1989). Investigators' and judges' opinions about civil commitment: Bulletin of the American Academy of Psychiatry & the Law Vol 17(1) 1989, 15-24. McGarry, Un. L. (1986). Forensic psychiatric reports: Selected clinical topics and models for report preparation. Filadelfia, PAPÁ: F A Davis. McGarry, Un. L., & verdeblatt, M. (1972). Conditional voluntary mental-hospital admission: New England Journal of Medicine Vol 287(6) Ago 1972, 279-280. McGarry, Un. L., & Kaplan, H. Un. (1973). Visión general: Current trends in mental health law: Revista Americana de Psiquiatría Vol 130(6) Jun 1973, 621-630. McGinley, P. (1992). Our learning difficulties: Irish Journal of Psychology Vol 13(3) 1992, 327-340. McGovern, D., & Afrontar, R. (1987). The compulsory detention of males of different ethnic groups, with special reference to offender patients: Revista Británica de Psiquiatría Vol 150 Apr 1987, 505-512. McKechnie, Un. Un., Corser, Un., & Mc Millan, V. R. (1986). Outcome of patients committed to hospital under the Mental Health (Escocia) Act 1960: Revista Británica de Psiquiatría Vol 148 Ene 1986, 33-37. McKenna, B. G., simpson, Un. Yo. F., & Laidlaw, T. M. (1999). Percepción del paciente sobre la coerción en el ingreso a los servicios de psiquiatría de agudos: La experiencia de Nueva Zelanda: Revista Internacional de Derecho y Psiquiatría vol. 22(2) Mar-Abr 1999, 143-153. McLachlan, Un. J., & Mulder, R. T. (1999). Criteria for involuntary hospitalisation: Revista de psiquiatría de Australia y Nueva Zelanda, vol. 33(5) Oct 1999, 729-733. McNiel, D. E., & Binder, R. L. (1986). Violencia, civil commitment, and hospitalization: Revista de Enfermedades Nerviosas y Mentales Vol 174(2) Feb 1986, 107-111. McNiel, D. E., & Binder, R. L. (1987). Predictive validity of judgments of dangerousness in emergency civil commitment: Revista Americana de Psiquiatría Vol 144(2) Feb 1987, 197-200. McNiel, D. E., Binder, R. L., & Greenfield, T. K. (1988). Predictors of violence in civilly committed acute psychiatric patients: Revista Americana de Psiquiatría Vol 145(8) Ago 1988, 965-970. McReynolds, W. T. (1983). Review of The Court of Last Resort: Mental Illness and the Law: PsycCRITIQUES Vol 28 (7), Jul, 1983. Meisel, Un. (1975). Rights of the mentally ill: The gulf between theory and reality: Hospital & Psiquiatría Comunitaria Vol 26(6) Jun 1975, 349-353. Meisel, Un. (1983). Making mental health care decisions: Informed consent and involuntary civil commitment: Behavioral Sciences & the Law Vol 1(4) Fal 1983, 73-88. Meisel, Un., & Roth, L. H. (1976). The child's right to object to hospitalization: Some empirical data: Revista de Psiquiatría & Law Vol 4(3) Fal 1976, 377-392. Melodía, J. R., Haroun, Un., & Schiller, E. F. (1990). Clinical guidelines for involuntary outpatient treatment. Sarasota, FL, Inglaterra: Professional Resource Exchange, Inc. Melton, G. B., lyon, P. M., Jr., & Spaulding, W. J. (1998). No place to go: The civil commitment of minors. Lincoln, NO: Prensa de la Universidad de Nebraska. Mercado, C. C., Bornstein, B. H., & Schopp, R. F. (2006). Decision-making about volitional impairment in sexually violent predators: Ley y comportamiento humano vol. 30(5) Oct 2006, 587-602. Mester, R., Mendel, Un., Gonen, N., Becker, D., & et al. (1995). Problems in implementing the 1991 Treatment of Mental Patients Law in Israel: Israel Journal of Psychiatry and Related Sciences vol. 32(2) 1995, 102-107. Mestrovic, S. (1982). Admission patterns at South Carolina's state psychiatric hospitals following legislative reform: Revista de Psiquiatría & Law Vol 10(4) Victoria 1982, 457-469. Mestrovic, S. (1983). Need for treatment and New York's revised commitment laws: An empirical assessment: Revista Internacional de Derecho y Psiquiatría vol. 6(1) 1983, 75-88. Mestrovic, S. G. (1985). Overturning involuntary commitments at a psychiatric hospital in New York State: Implications for the societal reaction model: Sociology of Health & Illness Vol 7(1) Estropear 1985, 1-20. Mestrovic, S. G. (1986). Magic and psychiatric commitment in India: Revista Internacional de Derecho y Psiquiatría vol. 9(4) 1986, 431-449. Mestrovic, S. G., & Cocinar, J. Un. (1986). The dangerousness standard: What is it and how is it used? : Revista Internacional de Derecho y Psiquiatría vol. 8(4) 1986, 443-469. Mezquita Blanco, J., & Fernandez Guisasola, J. M. (1974). The problem of court-committed patients in the psychiatric hospital: Revista de Psiquiatria y Psicologia Medica Vol 11(7) Navidad-septiembre 1974, 409-418. Miles, J. E., Adlersberg, M., Reith, G., & Cumming, J. (1976). Discharges against medical advice from voluntary psychiatric units: Hospital & Psiquiatría Comunitaria Vol 27(12) Dic 1976, 859-864. Molinero, D., & Burt, R. Un. (1982). Children's rights on entering therapeutic institutions: Niño & Youth Services Vol 4(1-2) 1982, 89-98. Molinero, K. S. (1976). Managing madness: The case against civil commitment. Nueva York, NY: Free Press. Molinero, K. S., Simons, R. L., & Fein, S. B. (1974). Compulsory mental hospitalization in England and Wales: Journal of Health and Social Behavior Vol 15(2) Jun 1974, 151-156. Molinero, M. O., Sales, B. D., & Delgado, J. B. (2003). Voluntary or involuntary receipt of state services. Washington, DC: Asociación Americana de Psicología. Molinero, R. (1991). The ethics of involuntary commitment to mental health treatment. Nueva York, NY: Oxford University Press. Molinero, R. D. (1982). The involvement of judicial officials other than judges in decision making in involuntary civil commitment: Revista de Psiquiatría & Law Vol 10(4) Victoria 1982, 491-501. Molinero, R. D. (1985). Commitment to outpatient treatment: A national survey: Hospital & Psiquiatría Comunitaria Vol 36(3) Estropear 1985, 265-267. Molinero, R. D. (1985). Involuntary civil commitment: Legal versus clinical paternalism: New Directions for Mental Health Services No 25 Estropear 1985, 13-24. Molinero, R. D. (1987). Involuntary civil commitment of the mentally ill in the post-reform era. Springfield, IL, Inglaterra: Charles C Thomas, Publisher. Molinero, R. D. (1988). Outpatient civil commitment of the mentally ill: An overview and an update: Behavioral Sciences & the Law Vol 6(1) Victoria 1988, 99-118. Molinero, R. D. (1991). Involuntary civil commitment. Washington, DC: Asociación Americana de Psiquiatría. Molinero, R. D. (1992). Economic factors leading to diversion of the mentally disordered from the civil to the criminal commitment systems: Revista Internacional de Derecho y Psiquiatría vol. 15(1) 1992, 1-12. Molinero, R. D. (1992). Grievances and law suits against public mental health professionals: Cost of doing business? : Bulletin of the American Academy of Psychiatry & the Law Vol 20(4) 1992, 395-408. Molinero, R. D. (1992). Need-for-treatment criteria for involuntary civil commitment: Impact in practice: Revista Americana de Psiquiatría Vol 149(10) Oct 1992, 1380-1384. Molinero, R. D. (1992). An update on involuntary civil commitment to outpatient treatment: Hospital & Psiquiatría Comunitaria Vol 43(1) Ene 1992, 79-81. Molinero, R. D. (1993). The criminalisation of the mentally ill: Does dangerousness take precedence over need for treatment? : Criminal Behaviour and Mental Health Vol 3(4) 1993, 241-250. Molinero, R. D. (2002). Automatic commitment of insanity acquittees: Keeping up with the Jones? : Revista de Psiquiatría & Law Vol 30(1) Spr 2002, 59-96. Molinero, R. D., & Fiddleman, P. B. (1981). The adversary system in civil commitment of the mentally ill: Does it exist, and does it work? : Revista de Psiquiatría & Law Vol 9(4) Victoria 1981, 403-421. Molinero, R. D., & Fiddleman, P. B. (1982). The adequacy of commitment evaluations performed by psychiatric and non-psychiatric physicians: Revista de Psiquiatría & Law Vol 10(1) Spr 1982, 45-56. Molinero, R. D., & Fiddleman, P. B. (1983). Changes in North Carolina civil commitment statutes: The impact of attorneys: Bulletin of the American Academy of Psychiatry & the Law Vol 11(1) 1983, 43-50. Molinero, R. D., & Fiddleman, P. B. (1983). Emergency involuntary commitment: A look at the decision-making process: Hospital & Psiquiatría Comunitaria Vol 34(3) Estropear 1983, 249-254. Molinero, R. D., & Fiddleman, P. B. (1984). Compromiso ambulatorio: Treatment in the least restrictive environment? : Hospital & Psiquiatría Comunitaria Vol 35(2) Feb 1984, 147-151. Molinero, R. D., Maher, R., & Fiddleman, P. B. (1984). The use of plea bargaining in civil commitment: Revista Internacional de Derecho y Psiquiatría vol. 7(3-4) 1984, 395-406. Molinero, R. D., Maier, G. J., & Kaye, M. (1985). Miranda comes to the hospital: The right to remain silent in civil commitment: Revista Americana de Psiquiatría Vol 142(9) Sep 1985, 1074-1077. Molinero, R. D., Maier, G. J., & Kaye, M. (1986). The right to remain silent during psychiatric examination in civil and criminal cases: A national survey and an analysis: Revista Internacional de Derecho y Psiquiatría vol. 9(1) 1986, 77-94. Molinero, R. D., Olin, J., Ball, E. M., Johnson, D. S., Reynolds, J. B., & Covey, J. (1999). Dual commitments to forensic hospitals and prisons: Rational disposition or political compromise? : Revista de Psiquiatría & Law Vol 27(1) Spr 1999, 157-185. Molinero, R. D., Strickland, R., davidson, J., & Parrott, R. (1983). Characteristics of schizophrenic and depressed patients excluded from clinical research: Revista Americana de Psiquiatría Vol 140(9) Sep 1983, 1205-1207. Molinero, R. D., Whitman, J. R., & Maier, G. J. (1985). Stensvad v. Reivitz et al.: Retrenchment in the right to refuse treatment? : Mental & Physical Disability Law Reporter Vol 9(2) Mar-Abr 1985, 141-142. Molinero, R. K., Maier, G. J., Van Rybroek, G. J., & Weidemann, J. Un. (1989). Treating patients "doing time": A forensic perspective: Hospital & Psiquiatría Comunitaria Vol 40(9) Sep 1989, 960-962. Milliken, Un. D. (1983). Medical certification of the mentally ill: A protection for the individual's rights: El Diario Canadiense de Psiquiatría / La Revue canadienne de psychiatrie Vol 28(2) Estropear 1983, 137-143. Milne, E., & Milne, S. (1995). Mental health review tribunals. Why the delay? : Revista de psiquiatría forense vol. 6(1) Mayo 1995, 93-99. Moldavsky, M., jarra, D., Lublinsky, E., Meged, S., Barel, Y., Avidan, G., et al. (2002). Individual and familial psychopathology among hospitalized minors at risk, juvenile delinquents, and psychiatric controls: Revista Internacional de Derecho y Psiquiatría vol. 25(6) Nov-Dic 2002, 611-622. Molett, M. T., arnold, L., & Meyer, W. J., III. (2001). Commitment as an adjunct to sex offender treatment: Opinión actual en psiquiatría vol. 14(6) Nov 2001, 549-553. Monahan, J. (1977). John Stuart Mill on the liberty of the mentally ill: A historical note: Revista Americana de Psiquiatría Vol 134(12) Dic 1977, 1428-1429. Monahan, J. (1978). Prediction research and the emergency commitment of dangerous mentally ill persons: A reconsideration: Revista Americana de Psiquiatría Vol 135(2) Feb 1978, 198-201. Monahan, J., Hoge, S. K., Hasta, C., Roth, L. H., & et al. (1995). Coerción y compromiso: Comprender la admisión involuntaria en un hospital psiquiátrico: Revista Internacional de Derecho y Psiquiatría vol. 18(3) Suma 1995, 249-263. Monahan, J., Ruggiero, M., & Friedlander, H. D. (1982). Stone-Roth model of civil commitment and the California dangerousness standard: Operational comparison: Archivos de Psiquiatría General Vol. 39(11) Nov 1982, 1267-1271. Monahan, J., & Shah, S. Un. (1989). Dangerousness and Commitment of the Mentally Disordered in the United States: Schizophrenia Bulletin Vol 15(4) 1989, 541-553. Moore, T. Yo. (1988). Ethical considerations of involuntary detentions of mentally disordered persons: Revista estadounidense de psicología forense vol. 6(2) 1988, 3-9. Morley, R., Semanas, T., & MacCarthy, B. (1991). Attitudes of relatives of Afro-Caribbean patients: Do they affect admission? : Psiquiatría Social y Epidemiología Psiquiátrica Vol. 26(4) Ago 1991, 187-193. Morrison, D. (1985). The right to refuse treatment in the involuntary patient: Medical-legal considerations: El Diario Canadiense de Psiquiatría / La Revue canadienne de psychiatrie Vol 30(1) Feb 1985, 60-63. Morrison, D. C. (1985). The Client in Psychological Crisis: PsycCRITIQUES Vol 30 (4), Apr, 1985. morse, S. J. (2006). Trampas de acero y aspiraciones inalcanzables: Un comentario sobre Kress: Behavioral Sciences & the Law Vol 24(4) 2006, 599-606. Mosier, W. Un., & Altieri, J. J. (1998). Clinical issues in forensic psychiatry: The Forensic Examiner Vol 7(3-4) Mar-Abr 1998, 19-23. Mossman, D., & Ciervo, K. J. (1993). How bad is civil commitment? A study of attitudes toward violence and involuntary hospitalization: Bulletin of the American Academy of Psychiatry & the Law Vol 21(2) 1993, 181-194. Mulvey, E. PAGS., & Appelbaum, P. S. (1989). "The dangerousness standard": Reply: Hospital & Psiquiatría Comunitaria Vol 40(9) Sep 1989, 965. Mulvey, E. PAGS., geller, J. L., & Roth, L. H. (1987). The promise and peril of involuntary outpatient commitment: American Psychologist Vol 42(6) Jun 1987, 571-584. Mulvey, E. PAGS., & Hasta, C. W. (1985). Back to basics: A critical analysis of dangerousness research in a new legal environment: Ley y comportamiento humano vol. 9(2) Jun 1985, 209-219. Munetz, M. R., Kaufmann, K. R., & Rich, C. L. (1981). Modernization of a mental health act: II. Outcome effects: Revista de Psiquiatría Clínica Vol 42(9) Sep 1981, 333-337. Munro, Un. (1984). Sharing the burden of involuntary compulsion: El Diario Canadiense de Psiquiatría / La Revue canadienne de psychiatrie Vol 29(5) Ago 1984, 371-372. Myers, D. H. (1997). Mental health review tribunals: A follow-up of reviewed patients: Revista Británica de Psiquiatría Vol 170(3) Estropear 1997, 253-256. Naudts, K. H., Cosyns, PAGS., McInerny, T., Audenaert, K., Van Den Eynde, F., & Van Heeringen, C. (2005). Editorial: Belgium and its internees: A problem for human rights and a stimulus for service change: Criminal Behaviour and Mental Health Vol 15(3) 2005, 148-153. Naungayan, C. (2007). Continued psychiatric hospitalization after competency restoration: Revista de la Academia Estadounidense de Psiquiatría y Derecho Vol. 35(1) 2007, 132-135. Neesmith, D. H. (1994). Committed and voluntary psychiatric patients: A longitudinal comparison of commitment patterns among first-time inpatients in the Oklahoma Mental Health System. Resúmenes de disertación internacional: Sección B: Las Ciencias y la Ingeniería. Nevid, J. S., & Morrison, J. K. (1976). Preventing involuntary hospitalization: A family contracting approach: Journal of Family Counseling Vol 4(2) Fal 1976, 27-31. Newhill, C. E. (1990). Validation of a scale to assess danger to others in psychiatric emergency room patients: Resúmenes de disertación internacional. Newman, E. (1985). The Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms: Implications for involuntary admission: Canadian Journal of Community Mental Health Vol 4(1) Spr 1985, 5-13. Nicholson, R. Un. (1986). Committed and voluntary psychiatric patients: A comparison of background, diagnostic, and hospitalization characteristics: Resúmenes de disertación internacional. Nicholson, R. Un. (1986). Correlates of commitment status in psychiatric patients: Psychological Bulletin Vol 100(2) Sep 1986, 241-250. Nicholson, R. Un. (1988). Characteristics associated with change in the legal status of involuntary psychiatric patients: Hospital & Psiquiatría Comunitaria Vol 39(4) Apr 1988, 424-429. Nicholson, R. Un., Ekenstam, C., & Norwood, S. (1996). Coercion and the outcome of psychiatric hospitalization: Revista Internacional de Derecho y Psiquiatría vol. 19(2) Spr 1996, 201-217. Nicholson, R. Un., & Horn, J. M. (1986). A discriminant analysis of committed and voluntary psychiatric patients: Revista de Psiquiatría & Law Vol 14(1-2) Spr-Suma 1986, 159-176. Nijman, H. L., a Campo, J. M., & Ravelli, D. P. (1993). Involuntary admissions: Short and effective? : Revista de psiquiatría vol. 35(1) 1993, 58-66. Niveau, G., & Materi, J. (2006). Psychiatric commitment: Sobre 50 years of case law from the European Court of Human Rights: Psiquiatría Europea Vol. 21(7) Oct 2006, 427-435. Niveau, G., & Materi, J. (2007). Psychiatric commitment: Sobre 50 years of case law from the European Court of Human Rights: Psiquiatría Europea Vol. 22(1) Ene 2007, 59-67. Sin autoría, Yo. (1976). Parents, niños, and due process: The case of Kremens v. Bartley: Hospital & Psiquiatría Comunitaria Vol 27(10) Oct 1976, 705-706. Sin autoría, Yo. (1983). A divided Third Circuit remands transfer of Pennhurst resident: Mental & Physical Disability Law Reporter Vol 7(5) Sep-Oct 1983, 383-384. Sin autoría, Yo. (1983). Eleventh Circuit rules on rights of child committed by parents: Mental & Physical Disability Law Reporter Vol 7(3) Mayo-Junio 1983, 220-221. Sin autoría, Yo. (1983). New Jersey Supreme Court addresses placements for patients who are no longer dangerous: Mental & Physical Disability Law Reporter Vol 7(5) Sep-Oct 1983, 378-379. Sin autoría, Yo. (1984). Changes in commitment status considered: Mental & Physical Disability Law Reporter Vol 8(2) Mar-Abr 1984, 90-91. Sin autoría, Yo. (1984). Colorado commitment statute challenged: Mental & Physical Disability Law Reporter Vol 8(1) ene-feb 1984, 8-9. Sin autoría, Yo. (1984). Commitment procedures scrutinized: Mental & Physical Disability Law Reporter Vol 8(2) Mar-Abr 1984, 88-89. Sin autoría, Yo. (1984). Commitment standards and procedures scrutinized: Mental & Physical Disability Law Reporter Vol 8(4) Navidad-agosto 1984, 361-362. Sin autoría, Yo. (1984). Commitments after insanity acquittals reviewed: Mental & Physical Disability Law Reporter Vol 8(1) ene-feb 1984, 14-15. Sin autoría, Yo. (1984). Constitutional right to treatment upheld in New York suit: Mental & Physical Disability Law Reporter Vol 8(3) Mayo-Junio 1984, 280-281. Sin autoría, Yo. (1984). Criminal commitment overturned: Mental & Physical Disability Law Reporter Vol 8(6) Nov-Dic 1984, 514-515. Sin autoría, Yo. (1984). CORRIENTE CONTINUA. insanity commitment procedures survive equal protection challenge: Mental & Physical Disability Law Reporter Vol 8(5) Sep-Oct 1984, 436-437. Sin autoría, Yo. (1984). Dangerousness considered: Mental & Physical Disability Law Reporter Vol 8(5) Sep-Oct 1984, 431. Sin autoría, Yo. (1984). Diminished capacity instruction considered: Mental & Physical Disability Law Reporter Vol 8(1) ene-feb 1984, 16-17. Sin autoría, Yo. (1984). Federal court upholds forcible medication of patient found not guilty by reason of insanity: Mental & Physical Disability Law Reporter Vol 8(2) Mar-Abr 1984, 104-105. Sin autoría, Yo. (1984). Insanity commitment and release reviewed: Mental & Physical Disability Law Reporter Vol 8(2) Mar-Abr 1984, 97-98. Sin autoría, Yo. (1984). Investigative report on conservatorship disallowed: Mental & Physical Disability Law Reporter Vol 8(5) Sep-Oct 1984, 430. Sin autoría, Yo. (1984). Involuntary commitment standards clarified: Mental & Physical Disability Law Reporter Vol 8(1) ene-feb 1984, 9-10. Sin autoría, Yo. (1984). Involuntary commitment standards examined: Mental & Physical Disability Law Reporter Vol 8(2) Mar-Abr 1984, 87-88. Sin autoría, Yo. (1984). Lower proof standard for commitment met: Mental & Physical Disability Law Reporter Vol 8(6) Nov-Dic 1984, 520. Sin autoría, Yo. (1984). Massachusetts' highest court rules in Rogers case: Mental & Physical Disability Law Reporter Vol 8(2) Mar-Abr 1984, 103-104. Sin autoría, Yo. (1984). Mental patient loses suit for improper commitment: Mental & Physical Disability Law Reporter Vol 8(5) Sep-Oct 1984, 477. Sin autoría, Yo. (1984). Minnesota commitment statute reviewed: Mental & Physical Disability Law Reporter Vol 8(5) Sep-Oct 1984, 430. Sin autoría, Yo. (1984). New Hampshire justices review compulsory treatment proposals: Mental & Physical Disability Law Reporter Vol 8(1) ene-feb 1984, 19-20. Sin autoría, Yo. (1984). New York's commitment scheme found constitutional: Mental & Physical Disability Law Reporter Vol 8(2) Mar-Abr 1984, 86-87. Sin autoría, Yo. (1984). NGRI commitments considered: Mental & Physical Disability Law Reporter Vol 8(3) Mayo-Junio 1984, 275-276. Sin autoría, Yo. (1984). NGRI transfer procedures ruled constitutional: Mental & Physical Disability Law Reporter Vol 8(2) Mar-Abr 1984, 98. Sin autoría, Yo. (1984). Passes not considered discharge from commitment in Minnesota: Mental & Physical Disability Law Reporter Vol 8(3) Mayo-Junio 1984, 271. Sin autoría, Yo. (1984). Public guardians' powers clarified: Mental & Physical Disability Law Reporter Vol 8(3) Mayo-Junio 1984, 271. Sin autoría, Yo. (1984). Recording of psychiatric examinations not constitutionally required: Mental & Physical Disability Law Reporter Vol 8(2) Mar-Abr 1984, 89-90. Sin autoría, Yo. (1984). Release after insanity acquittal: Mental & Physical Disability Law Reporter Vol 8(5) Sep-Oct 1984, 440-441. Sin autoría, Yo. (1984). Third Circuit redefines right to refuse medication in light of Youngberg: Mental & Physical Disability Law Reporter Vol 8(1) ene-feb 1984, 18-19. Sin autoría, Yo. (1984). Three involuntary commitments reviewed: Mental & Physical Disability Law Reporter Vol 8(3) Mayo-Junio 1984, 268-269. Sin autoría, Yo. (1984). Two states use danger to property to support commitments: Mental & Physical Disability Law Reporter Vol 8(4) Navidad-agosto 1984, 367-368. Sin autoría, Yo. (1984). Vermont Supreme Court rules forcible psychiatric examinations unconstitutional: Mental & Physical Disability Law Reporter Vol 8(5) Sep-Oct 1984, 428. Sin autoría, Yo. (1984). Voluntary patient may not be involuntarily committed in Illinois: Mental & Physical Disability Law Reporter Vol 8(5) Sep-Oct 1984, 429. Sin autoría, Yo. (1984). Wisconsin Supreme Court finds commitment hearing unnecessary following NGRI verdict: Mental & Physical Disability Law Reporter Vol 8(4) Navidad-agosto 1984, 366-367. Sin autoría, Yo. (1985). Civil commitment: Commitments for alcoholism: Mental & Physical Disability Law Reporter Vol 9(3) Mayo-Junio 1985, 172. Sin autoría, Yo. (1985). Civil commitment: Criteria for commitment reviewed: Mental & Physical Disability Law Reporter Vol 9(3) Mayo-Junio 1985, 172-173. Sin autoría, Yo. (1985). Civil commitment: Four decisions address release criteria: Mental & Physical Disability Law Reporter Vol 9(3) Mayo-Junio 1985, 173-174. Sin autoría, Yo. (1985). Civil commitment: Two states add significant due process protections: Mental & Physical Disability Law Reporter Vol 9(3) Mayo-Junio 1985, 170-172. Sin autoría, Yo. (1985). Commitment as a condition of probation: Mental & Physical Disability Law Reporter Vol 9(2) Mar-Abr 1985, 86. Sin autoría, Yo. (1985). Commitment procedures reviewed: Mental & Physical Disability Law Reporter Vol 9(5) Sep-Oct 1985, 319-320. Sin autoría, Yo. (1985). Commitment reviews yield mixed results: Mental & Physical Disability Law Reporter Vol 9(5) Sep-Oct 1985, 318. Sin autoría, Yo. (1985). Commitment, liberar, and recommitment: Mental & Physical Disability Law Reporter Vol 9(2) Mar-Abr 1985, 95-97. Sin autoría, Yo. (1985). Dangerousness explored in four cases: Mental & Physical Disability Law Reporter Vol 9(5) Sep-Oct 1985, 317-318. Sin autoría, Yo. (1985). Detention found defective: Mental & Physical Disability Law Reporter Vol 9(1) ene-feb 1985, 12-13. Sin autoría, Yo. (1985). Discharge issues addressed: Mental & Physical Disability Law Reporter Vol 9(1) ene-feb 1985, 13. Sin autoría, Yo. (1985). Expert testimony scrutinized: Mental & Physical Disability Law Reporter Vol 9(5) Sep-Oct 1985, 320-321. Sin autoría, Yo. (1985). Extended commitments scrutinized: Mental & Physical Disability Law Reporter Vol 9(2) Mar-Abr 1985, 87-88. Sin autoría, Yo. (1985). Insanity commitments reviewed: Mental & Physical Disability Law Reporter Vol 9(5) Sep-Oct 1985, 328-329. Sin autoría, Yo. (1985). Institutional liability to patients reviewed: Mental & Physical Disability Law Reporter Vol 9(2) Mar-Abr 1985, 127-128. Sin autoría, Yo. (1985). Least restrictive placements challenged: Mental & Physical Disability Law Reporter Vol 9(1) ene-feb 1985, 18-19. Sin autoría, Yo. (1985). Least restrictive settings and discharge petitions: Mental & Physical Disability Law Reporter Vol 9(5) Sep-Oct 1985, 321-322. Sin autoría, Yo. (1985). New Jersey addresses least restrictive placement for insanity acquittees: Mental & Physical Disability Law Reporter Vol 9(1) ene-feb 1985, 20. Sin autoría, Yo. (1985). No jail for persons awaiting commitment: Mental & Physical Disability Law Reporter Vol 9(1) ene-feb 1985, 11. Sin autoría, Yo. (1985). Right to refuse medication limited in Wisconsin, Nueva York: Mental & Physical Disability Law Reporter Vol 9(2) Mar-Abr 1985, 103-104. Sin autoría, Yo. (1985). Six cases review application of standards: Mental & Physical Disability Law Reporter Vol 9(6) Nov-Dic 1985, 410-411. Sin autoría, Yo. (1985). Three commitments scrutinized: Mental & Physical Disability Law Reporter Vol 9(1) ene-feb 1985, 17-18. Sin autoría, Yo. (1986). "Behaviour alteration and the criminal law": Working Paper 43 of the Law Reform Commission of Canada: Revista psiquiátrica de la Universidad de Ottawa Vol 11(1) Estropear 1986, 23-25. Sin autoría, Yo. (1986). Commitment and release hearings reviewed: Mental & Physical Disability Law Reporter Vol 10(5) Sep-Oct 1986, 348-349. Sin autoría, Yo. (1986). Commitment standards reviewed: Mental & Physical Disability Law Reporter Vol 10(5) Sep-Oct 1986, 341-343. Sin autoría, Yo. (1986). Discharge and release rulings: Mental & Physical Disability Law Reporter Vol 10(4) Navidad-agosto 1986, 264-266. Sin autoría, Yo. (1986). Discharge, revocation, and transfer addressed: Mental & Physical Disability Law Reporter Vol 10(3) Mayo-Junio 1986, 160-162. Sin autoría, Yo. (1986). Diverse procedural issues: Mental & Physical Disability Law Reporter Vol 10(6) Nov-Dic 1986, 528-529. Sin autoría, Yo. (1986). ECT order curtailed: Mental & Physical Disability Law Reporter Vol 10(2) Mar-Abr 1986, 102-103. Sin autoría, Yo. (1986). Evidence of dangerousness: Mental & Physical Disability Law Reporter Vol 10(1) ene-feb 1986, 10. Sin autoría, Yo. (1986). Evidentiary requirements: Mental & Physical Disability Law Reporter Vol 10(4) Navidad-agosto 1986, 262-264. Sin autoría, Yo. (1986). Four psychiatric malpractice rulings: Mental & Physical Disability Law Reporter Vol 10(2) Mar-Abr 1986, 127-128. Sin autoría, Yo. (1986). Insanity commitments scrutinized: Mental & Physical Disability Law Reporter Vol 10(1) ene-feb 1986, 17-18. Sin autoría, Yo. (1986). Involuntary commitment duration, placement and transfer determinations: Mental & Physical Disability Law Reporter Vol 10(4) Navidad-agosto 1986, 264. Sin autoría, Yo. (1986). Minnesota commitment procedures: Mental & Physical Disability Law Reporter Vol 10(5) Sep-Oct 1986, 343-346. Sin autoría, Yo. (1986). Payment for services: Mental & Physical Disability Law Reporter Vol 10(2) Mar-Abr 1986, 103. Sin autoría, Yo. (1986). Prisoners claims rejected: Mental & Physical Disability Law Reporter Vol 10(2) Mar-Abr 1986, 99. Sin autoría, Yo. (1986). Privilege against self-incrimination: Mental & Physical Disability Law Reporter Vol 10(2) Mar-Abr 1986, 87-88. Sin autoría, Yo. (1986). Release and discharge: Mental & Physical Disability Law Reporter Vol 10(3) Mayo-Junio 1986, 167-168. Sin autoría, Yo. (1986). Release and recommitments considered: Mental & Physical Disability Law Reporter Vol 10(4) Navidad-agosto 1986, 270-272. Sin autoría, Yo. (1986). Statutory criteria considered: Mental & Physical Disability Law Reporter Vol 10(3) Mayo-Junio 1986, 159-160. Sin autoría, Yo. (1986). Third party claims: Mental & Physical Disability Law Reporter Vol 10(1) ene-feb 1986, 55-56. Sin autoría, Yo. (1986). Unable to care for oneself: Mental & Physical Disability Law Reporter Vol 10(1) ene-feb 1986, 10-11. Sin autoría, Yo. (1986). Vermont's outpatient commitment process challenged: Mental & Physical Disability Law Reporter Vol 10(4) Navidad-agosto 1986, 262. Sin autoría, Yo. (1987). Colorado commitment procedures reviewed: Mental & Physical Disability Law Reporter Vol 11(2) Mar-Abr 1987, 87-88. Sin autoría, Yo. (1987). Commitments sought by parents reviewed: Mental & Physical Disability Law Reporter Vol 11(1) ene-feb 1987, 8. Sin autoría, Yo. (1987). Constitutional questions considered: Mental & Physical Disability Law Reporter Vol 11(2) Mar-Abr 1987, 80-82. Sin autoría, Yo. (1987). Harm to patients: Mental & Physical Disability Law Reporter Vol 11(3) Mayo-Junio 1987, 201-202. Sin autoría, Yo. (1987). Liability to patients and residents: Mental & Physical Disability Law Reporter Vol 11(2) Mar-Abr 1987, 127-128. Sin autoría, Yo. (1987). Proper advocacy and transfer standard: Mental & Physical Disability Law Reporter Vol 11(3) Mayo-Junio 1987, 163-164. Sin autoría, Yo. (1987). Representation and delays: Mental & Physical Disability Law Reporter Vol 11(3) Mayo-Junio 1987, 161. Sin autoría, Yo. (1987). Rights of incompetent defendants: Mental & Physical Disability Law Reporter Vol 11(1) ene-feb 1987, 11-12. Sin autoría, Yo. (1987). State statute and medication order reviewed: Mental & Physical Disability Law Reporter Vol 11(3) Mayo-Junio 1987, 160-161. Sin autoría, Yo. (1990). Dangerousness and discharge: Revista estadounidense de psicología forense vol. 8(1) 1990, 19-58. Norcio, B., & Toresini, L. (1994). Epidemiology of compulsory health treatments in Alpe Adria--A preliminary analysis of a research carried out in Slovenia, Carinthia, Friuli Venezia Giulia: Psychiatria Danubina Vol 6(3-4) Jul-Dec 1994, 177-182. Nordin, C. (1991). Occupation and liberation: Two aspects of psychiatric commitment: Nordisk Psykiatrisk Tidsskrift Vol 45(1) 1991, 39-40. Novak, T. S. (1987). Continued commitments in New Jersey: Mental & Physical Disability Law Reporter Vol 11(1) ene-feb 1987, 7-8. Novello, E., & Miricola, M. (1986). Psychiatric commitments before and after Law 180/1978: Psichiatria Generale e dell'Eta Evolutiva Vol 24(2) 1986, 155-174. Oberlaender, F. Un., Platz, W. E., & Mengering, F. (1995). German mental health legislation and alcoholism treatment: Results of a retrospective long-term study in a Berlin state mental health hospital: Dependencia de drogas y alcohol vol. 40(2) Dic 1995, 165-171. Oberman, C. Un., & Schonfeld, R. L. (1986). Release and transfer mechanisms reviewed: Mental & Physical Disability Law Reporter Vol 10(5) Sep-Oct 1986, 339-341. O'Brien, Un. J., & Kar, Un. (2006). The role of second health professionals under New Zealand mental health legislation: Revista de enfermería psiquiátrica y de salud mental vol. 13(3) Jun 2006, 356-363. O'Brien, T. Un., Mellsop, G. W., McDonald, K. PAGS., & Ruthe, C. B. (1995). A one year analysis of appeals made to Mental Health Review Tribunals in New Zealand: Revista de psiquiatría de Australia y Nueva Zelanda, vol. 29(4) Dic 1995, 661-665. Okin, R. L. (1986). The relationship between legal status and patient characteristics in state hospitals: Revista Americana de Psiquiatría Vol 143(10) Oct 1986, 1233-1237. Olivennes, Un. (1988). How does one become alienable? The law of 1838 and its function as a screen: Annales Medico-Psychologiques Vol 146(9) Sep-Oct 1988, 842-845. Olivito, N., & Spagnuolo, Yo. R. (1992). Survey of hospitalisation in a mental health service during the ten-year period 1981-1990: Minerva Psichiatrica Vol 33(4) Oct-Dic 1992, 331-334. Olivito, N., & Spagnuolo, Yo. R. (1992). Survey of hospitalisation in a mental health service during the ten-year period 1981superscript 1990: Minerva Psichiatrica Vol 33(4) Oct-Dic 1992, 331-334. Olsen, D. P. (2003). Influencia y coacción: Enfoques éticos relacionales y basados ​​en derechos para el tratamiento psiquiátrico forzado: Revista de enfermería psiquiátrica y de salud mental vol. 10(6) Dic 2003, 705-712. Olson, D. H., Mylan, M. M., Fletcher, L. Un., Nugent, S. M., Lynch, J. W., & Willenbring, M. L. (1997). A clinical tool for rating response to civil commitment for substance abuse treatment: Servicios psiquiátricos vol. 48(10) Oct 1997, 1317-1322. Oran, D. (1973). Judges and psychiatrists lock up too many people: Psychology Today Vol 7(3) Ago 1973, 20-31. O'Reilly, R. L., Komer, W., & Dunbar, S. (1999). Why are patients discharged by review boards? : El Diario Canadiense de Psiquiatría / La Revue canadienne de psychiatrie Vol 44(3) Apr 1999, 259-263. Oriol, M. D., & Oriol, R. D. (1986). Involuntary commitment and the right to refuse medication: Journal of Psychosocial Nursing & Mental Health Services Vol 24(11) Nov 1986, 15-20. Oropeza, B. C., Fitzgibbon, M., & Barón, Un. (1991). Managing mental health crises of foreign college students: Journal of Counseling & Development Vol 69(3) ene-feb 1991, 280-284. Ostman, M., & Hansson, L. (1999). Need for support and participation in treatment differences among subgroups of relatives of compulsorily and voluntarily admitted mentally ill individuals: Psiquiatría Europea Vol. 14(7) Nov 1999, 379-385. Osuna, E., Cuenca, F., Perez-Carceles, M. D., & Luna, Un. (1995). Legal status of persons with chronic mental illness admitted to psychiatric hospitals: Medicina & Law Vol 14(5-6) 1995, 479-484. Ottenberg, P. (1974). Bureaucratic attitudes as a psychosocial defence: Psychiatric Opinion Vol 11(1) Feb 1974, 26-35. Ouellet, P.-G., & Picard, S. (1988). Longitudinal evolution of individuals having appealed their committal to the C.A.S: El Diario Canadiense de Psiquiatría / La Revue canadienne de psychiatrie Vol 33(1) Feb 1988, 34-40. Owens, D., harrison, G., & Boot, D. (1991). Ethnic factors in voluntary and compulsory admissions: Medicina Psicológica Vol. 21(1) Feb 1991, 185-196. Ozawa, Yo. (1987). Problems in amending the mental health law and child psychiatry: Japanese Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Vol 28(2) Mar-Abr 1987, 98-103. Padro, D., Tamayo, G., & Trojaola, B. (1986). Ethical considerations concerning involuntary commitment: Actas Luso-Espanolas de Neurologia, Psiquiatria y Ciencias Afines Vol 14(1) ene-feb 1986, 43-46. Página, S. (1980). New civil commitment legislation: The relevance of commitment "criteria." El Diario Canadiense de Psiquiatría / La Revue canadienne de psychiatrie Vol 25(8) Dic 1980, 646-650. Página, S. (1981). Civil commitment: Operational definition of new criteria: El Diario Canadiense de Psiquiatría / La Revue canadienne de psychiatrie Vol 26(6) Oct 1981, 419-420. Página, S. (1983). Civil commitment: Continuing confusing conjecture concerning "criteria." Ontario Psychologist Vol 15(2) Mayo 1983, 36-39. Página, S. (1985). Commitment decisions in Ontario and similarity of symptomatology to gender role stereotypes: Ontario Psychologist Vol 17(5) Oct 1985, 4-7. Página, S. (1988). On the use of "indigenous paraprofessionals" in civil commitment procedures: Canadian Psychology/Psychologie Canadienne Vol 29(2) Apr 1988, 231-233. Página, S., & Firth, J. (1979). Civil commitment practices in 1977: Troubled semantics and/or troubled psychiatry: El Diario Canadiense de Psiquiatría / La Revue canadienne de psychiatrie Vol 24(4) Jun 1979, 329-335. Página, S., & Yates, E. (1973). Civil commitment and the danger mandate: The Canadian Psychiatric Association Journal / La Revue de l'Association des psychiatres du Canada Vol 18(4) Ago 1973, 267-271. Palmstierna, T., & Wistedt, B. (1988). Prevalence of risk factors for aggressive behavior: Characteristics of an involuntarily admitted population: Acta psiquiátrica Scandinavica vol. 78(2) Ago 1988, 227-229. Palmstierna, T., & Wistedt, B. (1990). Risk factors for aggressive behaviour are of limited value in predicting the violent behaviour of acute involuntarily admitted patients: Acta psiquiátrica Scandinavica vol. 81(2) Feb 1990, 152-155. Papageorgiou, Un., Janmohamed, Un., Rey, M., davidson, O., & Dawson, J. (2004). Advance directives for patients compulsorily admitted to hospital with serious mental disorders: Directive content and feedback from patients and professionals: Revista de salud mental vol. 13(4) Ago 2004, 379-388. Paquay, J., Paquay, M., & Schouteden, P. (1978). Present state and evolution of the law of Social Defence: Revista belga de psiquiatría vol. 78(4) Navidad-agosto 1978, 666-674. Paquay, J., Paquay, M., & Schouteden, P. (1978). Relations with Social Defense Commissions and utility of leave techniques: Revista belga de psiquiatría vol. 78(4) Navidad-agosto 1978, 691-697. Paquay, M., Paquay, J., & Schouteden, P. (1978). The problem of the treatment of the committed in Paifve: Revista belga de psiquiatría vol. 78(4) Navidad-agosto 1978, 675-690. Paredes, J., Kanachowski, Un., Ledwidge, B., Stoutenburg, K., & et al. (1990). The validity of commitment certificates in British Columbia: El Diario Canadiense de Psiquiatría / La Revue canadienne de psychiatrie Vol 35(4) Mayo 1990, 305-310. Paredes, J., Ledwidge, B., Beyerstein, D., Cashore, J., & et al. (1987). The Review Panel process: Interpretation of the findings and recommendations: El Diario Canadiense de Psiquiatría / La Revue canadienne de psychiatrie Vol 32(6) Ago 1987, 444-447. Desviar, C. D. (1990). Commitment and recommitment: A prospective study of the interaction between mental health and judicial systems: Resúmenes de disertación internacional. Desviar, C. D., & Turkheimer, E. (1992). Length of hospitalization and outcome of commitment and recommitment hearings: Hospital & Psiquiatría Comunitaria Vol 43(1) Ene 1992, 65-68. Desviar, C. D., Turkheimer, E., & Hundley, P. L. (1992). A comparison of commitment and recommitment hearings: Legal and policy implications: Revista Internacional de Derecho y Psiquiatría vol. 15(1) 1992, 25-41. Desviar, C. D., Turkheimer, E., Hundley, P. L., & Creskoff, E. (1991). A comparison of respondents in initial and recommitment hearings: Ley y comportamiento humano vol. 15(3) Jun 1991, 315-324. Desviar, J. (1984). A review of the Burger Court: Yo: Mental & Physical Disability Law Reporter Vol 8(6) Nov-Dic 1984, 502-508. Desviar, J. W. (1986). Civil commitment: Three proposals for change: Mental & Physical Disability Law Reporter Vol 10(5) Sep-Oct 1986, 334-338. Desviar, J. W. (1987). The civil-criminal dichotomy in insanity commitment and release proceedings: Hinckley and other matters: Mental & Physical Disability Law Reporter Vol 11(4) Navidad-agosto 1987, 218-223. Desviar, J. W. (1990). The Supreme Court fashions new boundaries for involuntary care and treatment: Mental & Physical Disability Law Reporter Vol 14(3) Mayo-Junio 1990, 198-202. Desviar, J. W. (1994). Involuntary civil commitment in the 90s: A constitutional perspective: Mental & Physical Disability Law Reporter Vol 18(3) Mayo-Junio 1994, 320-336. Desviar, J. W., & Beck, J. C. (1990). Revisiting the civil commitment/involuntary treatment stalemate using limited guardianship, substituted judgment and different due process considerations: A work in progress: Mental & Physical Disability Law Reporter Vol 14(2) Mar-Abr 1990, 102-107. Parsons, P. J. (1984). Norms, commitment, and psychotherapy with the involuntarily hospitalized psychiatric patient: Psicoterapia Paciente Vol 1(2) Victoria 1984, 81-87. Pary, R., & Turns, D. (1980). Dangerousness and the right of a psychotic quadriplegic patient to refuse treatment: Revista Americana de Psiquiatría Vol 137(5) Mayo 1980, 623-624. Pascual Arriazu, J., Rubio Valladolid, G., Lopez-Trabada Gomez, J. R., & Lopez-Ibor Alino, J. M. (1987). Compulsory admission: Comparative study of 1931 y 1983 legislation: Actas Luso-Espanolas de Neurologia, Psiquiatria y Ciencias Afines Vol 15(3) Mayo-Junio 1987, 133-140. Pascual Arriazu, J. M., & et al. (1986). Characteristics of involuntary commitment under the law of 1931: Actas Luso-Espanolas de Neurologia, Psiquiatria y Ciencias Afines Vol 14(1) ene-feb 1986, 1-7. Pasewark, R. Un., Pantle, M. L., & Steakman, H. J. (1982). Detention and rearrest rates of persons found not guilty by reason of insanity and convicted felons: Revista Americana de Psiquiatría Vol 139(7) Jul 1982, 892-897. Peay, J. (1988). Offenders suffering from psychopathic disorder: The rise and demise of a consultation document: Revista británica de criminología vol. 28(1) Victoria 1988, 67-81. Peck, C. L. (1975). Current legislative issues concerning the right to refuse versus the right to choose hospitalization and treatment: Psiquiatría: Journal for the Study of Interpersonal Processes Vol 38(4) Nov 1975, 303-317. Pehlivanidis, Un., Politis, Un., Economou, D., Trikkas, G., & Christodoulou, G. N. (2001). Evaluation of civilly committed patients: Comparative study of two chronological periods (1977-1997): Psychiatriki Vol 12(4) Oct-Dic 2001, 283-289. Pendleton, L. (1980). Treatment of persons found incompetent to stand trial: Revista Americana de Psiquiatría Vol 137(9) Sep 1980, 1098-1100. Perceval, J. T. (1985). The case of Dr. Peithman: Naropa Institute Journal of Psychology Vol 3 1985, 109-141. Perlin, M. L. (1983). Recent developments in mental health law: Psychiatric Clinics of North America Vol 6(4) Dic 1983, 539-549. Perlin, M. L. (2000). Involuntary civil commitment law. Washington, DC: Asociación Americana de Psicología. Perr, Yo. N. (1974). Independent examination of patients hospitalized against their will: Revista Americana de Psiquiatría Vol 131(7) Jul 1974, 765-768. Perr, Yo. N. (1978). Another Szaszian Attack: PsycCRITIQUES Vol 23 (10), Oct, 1978. Perris, C., & et al. (1985). Patients admitted for compulsory treatment to selected psychiatric units in Italy and in Sweden: Acta psiquiátrica Scandinavica vol. 71(316, Suppl) 1985, 135-149. Peszke, M. Un. (1975). Is dangerousness an issue for physicians in emergency commitment? : Revista Americana de Psiquiatría Vol 132(8) Ago 1975, 825-828. Peszke, M. Un. (1984). The historic antecedents to the current polemics on involuntary psychiatric hospitalization: Psiquiatría Integral Vol. 25(2) Mar-Abr 1984, 238-246. Peszke, M. Un., Affleck, G. G., & Wintrob, R. M. (1980). Perceived statutory applicability versus clinical desirability of emergency involuntary hospitalization: Revista Americana de Psiquiatría Vol 137(4) Apr 1980, 476-480. Peszke, M. Un., & Wintrob, R. M. (1974). Emergency commitment: A transcultural study: Revista Americana de Psiquiatría Vol 131(1) Ene 1974, 36-40. pedros, R., Molinero, K. S., Schmidt, W., & Meeter, D. (1987). The effects of statutory change on the civil commitment of the mentally ill: Ley y comportamiento humano vol. 11(2) Jun 1987, 73-99. Petrila, J. (1995). Who will pay for involuntary civil commitment under capitated managed care? An emerging dilemma: Servicios psiquiátricos vol. 46(10) Oct 1995, 1045-1048. Petrila, J. (2007). Review of Civil commitment: A therapeutic jurisprudence model: Servicios psiquiátricos vol. 58(4) Apr 2007, 572-573. Petrila, J., & Douglas, K. S. (2002). Legal issues in maximum security institutions for people with mental illness: Liberty, security, and administrative discretion: Behavioral Sciences & the Law Vol 20(5) 2002, 463-480. Phillips, J. Un. (1983). Effects of decomposition on clincal psychologists' cue utilization in making civil decisions: Resúmenes de disertación internacional. Pierce, G. L., Durham, M. L., & Pescador, W. H. (1985). The impact of broadened civil commitment standards on admissions to state mental hospitals: Revista Americana de Psiquiatría Vol 142(1) Ene 1985, 104-107. Pierce, G. L., Pescador, W. H., & Durham, M. L. (1985). The impact of broadened civil commitment laws on length of stay in a state mental hospital: The Law, Medicina & Health Care Vol 13(6) Dic 1985, 290-296. Piperno, Un. (1974). Indefinite commitment in a mental hospital for the criminally insane: Two models of administration of mental health: Journal of Criminal Law & Criminology Vol 65(4) Dic 1974, 520-527. Platz, W. E., & Antonopoulou, C. (1993). The significance of the alcohol abuse in patients with antisocial personality disorder: Psychiatria Danubina Vol 5(1-2) Jan-Jul 1993, 143-148. Poffel, S. Un. (1998). Psicología: The patient, the defendant, the legal process and the courtroom: The Forensic Examiner Vol 7(7-8) Navidad-agosto 1998, 25-27. Pogrebin, M. (1974). Is the use of a psychiatric facility for parole evaluation justifiable? : Revista internacional de terapia de delincuentes y criminología comparada vol. 18(3) 1974, 270-274. Pokorny, L., Shull, R. D., & Nicholson, R. Un. (1999). Dangerousness and disability as predictors of psychiatric patients' legal status: Behavioral Sciences & the Law Vol 17(3) 1999, 253-267. Polak, T., & Schlafke, D. (2001). Involuntary admissions in the psychiatric clinic of the University of Rostock in the years 1987- 1994: Krankenhauspsychiatrie Vol 12(3) Sep 2001, 109-113. Poletiek, F. H. (2002). How psychiatrists and judges assess the dangerousness of persons with mental illness: An 'expertise bias': Behavioral Sciences & the Law Vol 20(1-2) 2002, 19-29. Pollack, C., & et al. (1983). Soviet psychiatry: American Psychologist Vol 38(12) Dic 1983, 1401-1402. Ponterotto, J. G. (1987). Client hospitalization: Issues and considerations for the counselor: Journal of Counseling & Development Vol 65(10) Jun 1987, 542-546. poulsen, H. D. (1997). Diagnoses among committed and detained psychiatric patients in Denmark: Revista Internacional de Derecho y Psiquiatría vol. 20(4) Fal 1997, 459-468. poulsen, H. D. (1999). Coerción percibida entre los comprometidos, detenido, y pacientes voluntarios: Revista Internacional de Derecho y Psiquiatría vol. 22(2) Mar-Abr 1999, 167-175. poulsen, H. D. (1999). Review of studies on committed patients: Methodologic problems when determining the diagnostic profile: Revista nórdica de psiquiatría vol. 53(3) 1999, 211-215. Poythress, N. G. (1977). Psychiatric experts, guardian ad litem attorneys, and civil commitment: Training lawyers to cope with expert testimony: Resúmenes de disertación internacional. Priebe, S., Broker, M., & Gunkel, S. (1998). Involuntary admission and posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms in schizophrenia patients: Psiquiatría Integral Vol. 39(4) Navidad-agosto 1998, 220-224. Prigmore, C. S., & Davis, P. R. (1973). Wyatt v. Stickney: Rights of the committed: Social Work Vol 18(4) Jul 1973, 10-18. Putkonen, H. (2005). The legal basis of compulsory psychiatric care and treatment in Finland: Recht & Psiquiatría vol. 23(4) 2005, No Pagination Specified. Quinn, J. F., Forsyth, C. J., & Mullen-Quinn, C. (2004). Societal reaction to sex offenders: A review of the origins and results of the myths surrounding their crimes and treatment amenability: Deviant Behavior Vol 25(3) Mayo-Junio 2004, 215-232. Rachlin, S. (1974). With liberty and psychosis for all: Psychiatric Quarterly Vol 48(3) 1974, 410-420. Rachlin, S. (1982). Of the shared responsibility for civil commitment: Psychiatric Quarterly Vol 54(1) Spr 1982, 38-42. Rachlin, S. (1987). Redefining dangerousness for civil commitment: Hospital & Psiquiatría Comunitaria Vol 38(8) Ago 1987, 884-886. Rachlin, S. (1988). Litigating a right to treatment: Woe is me: Psychiatric Quarterly Vol 59(3) Fal 1988, 182-192. Rachlin, S. (1989). Rethinking the right to refuse treatment: Anales psiquiátricos vol. 19(4) Apr 1989, 213-222. Rachlin, S., Stokman, C. L., & Grossman, S. (1986). Incompetent misdemeanants: Pseudocivil commitment: Bulletin of the American Academy of Psychiatry & the Law Vol 14(1) 1986, 23-30. Randall, J. S. (1986). Harm to patients: Mental & Physical Disability Law Reporter Vol 10(5) Sep-Oct 1986, 386-387. Rappard, P. (1988). The law of 1838 and its relationship with the civil and penal codes: Annales Medico-Psychologiques Vol 146(9) Sep-Oct 1988, 838-841. Rayburn, T. M., & Stonecypher, J. F. (1996). Diagnostic differences related to age and race of involuntarily committed psychiatric patients: Informes psicológicos vol. 79(3, Pt 1) Dic 1996, 881-882. Junco, D. B. (2001). Outpatient civil commitment--A growing trend in state law. Kingston, NJ: Civic Research Institute. Reeves, R. (2004). "Voluntary" Hospitalization of Adolescents. Mahwah, NJ: Prensa Analítica. Reich, W. (1985). The case of General Grigorenko: A second opinion. Nueva York, NY: W H Freeman/Times Books/ Henry Holt & Co. Reid, W. H. (2002). Sexual predator evaluations and commitments: Revista de práctica psiquiátrica vol. 8(5) Sep 2002, 320-324. Rembis, M. Un. (2004). "I ain't been reading while on prarole": Experts, Mental Tests, and Eugenic Commitment Law in Illinois, 1890-1940: History of Psychology Vol 7(3) Ago 2004, 225-247. Remington, F. B. (1963). "Walkouts" and the open hospital: A three-month survey: Psychiatric Quarterly 37(1) 1963, 128-133. Rentzel-Rothe, W. (1991). Preventive custody and guardianship: Recht & Psiquiatría vol. 9(1) 1991, 18-25. Repo-Tiihonen, E., Vuorio, O., Koivisto, H., Paavola, PAGS., & Hakola, P. (2004). Opinions About Treatment Modalities Among Patients Involuntarily Committed to a Forensic Psychiatric Hospital in Finland: Revista de rehabilitación de delincuentes vol. 38(3) 2004, 81-95. Reppucci, N. D. (1979). Criminalization of the Civil Commitment: PsycCRITIQUES Vol 24 (6), Jun, 1979. Richard-Mercier, Un., & Chanoit, P. F. (1980). Contradictions in a psychiatric department: Annales Medico-Psychologiques Vol 138(5) Mayo 1980, 517-528. richardson, M. E. (1996). Rooming-in: An alternative to involuntary detention: Revista de psiquiatría de Australia y Nueva Zelanda, vol. 30(2) Apr 1996, 263-269. Richert, R. Un. (1984). "Reasons for involuntary commitment in Manitoba and Ontario": Reply: El Diario Canadiense de Psiquiatría / La Revue canadienne de psychiatrie Vol 29(1) Feb 1984, 72-73. Richert, R. Un., & Moyes, Un. H. (1983). Reasons for involuntary commitment in Manitoba and Ontario: El Diario Canadiense de Psiquiatría / La Revue canadienne de psychiatrie Vol 28(5) Ago 1983, 358-361. Riecher, Un., Rossler, W., Loffler, W., & Fatkenheuer, B. (1991). Factors influencing compulsory admission of psychiatric patients: Medicina Psicológica Vol. 21(1) Feb 1991, 197-208. Riecher-Rossler, Un., & Rossler, W. (1992). Compulsory admission of psychiatric patients in national and international comparison: Frequencies and influencing factors: avances en neurologia, Psiquiatría vol. 60(10) Oct 1992, 375-382. Riecher-Rossler, Un., & Rossler, W. (1993). Compulsory admission of psychiatric patients: An international comparison: Acta psiquiátrica Scandinavica vol. 87(4) Apr 1993, 231-236. Riley, P. D. (1997). The impact of co-treating disciplines on length of stay and readmission in a private psychiatric hospital. Resúmenes de disertación internacional: Sección B: Las Ciencias y la Ingeniería. Riley, R., & Richman, Un. (1983). Involuntary hospitalization in Canadian psychiatric inpatient facilities, 1970-1978: El Diario Canadiense de Psiquiatría / La Revue canadienne de psychiatrie Vol 28(7) Nov 1983, 536-541. Rink, J. E. (1986). Court-placed adolescents and how to communicate with them: Tijdschrift voor Orthopedagogiek Vol 25(5) Mayo 1986, 240-252. Rissmiller, D. J., Hogate, P. M., Agosto, D., Zeltvay, N., & et al. (1994). Commitment decisions: Identification of indeterminate cases: Crisis: The Journal of Crisis Intervention and Suicide Prevention Vol 15(3) 1994, 110-115. Rissmiller, D. J., Musser, E., Rhoades, W., Rissmiller, F. R., & Steer, R. Un. (2001). A survey of use of a durable power of attorney to admit geropsychiatric patients: Servicios psiquiátricos vol. 52(1) Ene 2001, 98-100. robertson, G. (1992). Objections to the present system: Criminal Behaviour and Mental Health Vol 2(2), Problema de especificaciones 1992, 114-123. Robitscher, J. (1979). The commitment of minors: Problems of civil liberties: Adolescent Psychiatry Vol 7 1979, 457-465. Robitscher, J. (1982). Commitment and the courts: The Addington case: Journal of Psychiatric Treatment & Evaluation Vol 4(1) 1982, 57-61. Rocca, G. (1992). Institutions, familia, and hospitalization in the treatment of the mentally ill in the first half of the 19th century: Giornale Storico di Psicologia Dinamica Vol 16(31) Ene 1992, 139-166. Rockland-Miller, H. (1986). Psychiatric commitment viewed by those most affected: Pacientes, families, police and emergency room workers: Resúmenes de disertación internacional. Rodenhauser, PAGS., & Khamis, H. J. (1988). Relationships between legal and clinical factors among forensic hospital patients: Bulletin of the American Academy of Psychiatry & the Law Vol 16(4) 1988, 321-332. Rofman, E. S., Askinazi, C., & Fant, E. (1980). The prediction of dangerous behavior in emergency civil commitment: Revista Americana de Psiquiatría Vol 137(9) Sep 1980, 1061-1064. rogers, J. Un., & Centifanti, J. B. (1988). Madness, Myths, and Reality: Response to Roberta Rose: Schizophrenia Bulletin Vol 14(1) 1988, 7-15. rogers, R. (1994). Involuntary Hospitalization: Social and Personal Dimensions: PsycCRITIQUES Vol 39 (1), Ene, 1994. rogers, R. (2003). Imposing Order on Diverse Mental Health Laws: PsycCRITIQUES Vol 48 (2), Apr, 2003. rogers, R. R. (1974). Psychiatric hospitalization of political dissenters: Psychiatric Opinion Vol 11(1) Feb 1974, 20-24. Rogoll, H., & Spate, H. F. (1984). Social and medical characteristics of the mentally ill committed to a hospital by the district medical officer: Psychiatrie, Neurologie und Medizinische Psychologie Vol 36(3) Estropear 1984, 146-151. Rolfe, R. M., & Macclintock, Un. tu. (1976). The due process rights of minors "voluntarily admitted" to mental institutions: Revista de Psiquiatría & Law Vol 4(3) Fal 1976, 333-375. Romanenko, Un. Un. (1990). The specificities of involuntary treatment of schizophrenic patients in late age: Trudy Leningradskogo Nauchno-Issledovatel'skogo Psikhonevrologicheskogo Instituta im V M Bekhtereva Vol 125 1990, 132-135. Romilly, C., Parrott, J., & Carney, P. (1997). Limited duration restriction orders: What are they for? : Revista de psiquiatría forense vol. 8(3) Dic 1997, 562-572. Rosa, R. (1988). Esquizofrenia, Civil Liberties, y la Ley: Schizophrenia Bulletin Vol 14(1) 1988, 1-6. Rosenfield, S. (1984). Race differences in involuntary hospitalization: Psychiatric vs. labeling perspectives: Journal of Health and Social Behavior Vol 25(1) Estropear 1984, 14-23. Rosenman, S. (1998). Psychiatrists and compulsion: A map of ethics: Revista de psiquiatría de Australia y Nueva Zelanda, vol. 32(6) Dic 1998, 785-793. Rossi, Un., Stratta, PAGS., Bolino, F., Giordano, L., & et al. (1989). Social disability and clinical symptomatology in schizophrenia: Their impact on compulsory admission: Psychopathology Vol 22(4) Navidad-agosto 1989, 177-181. Roth, D. M., & Stoffelmayr, B. E. (1983). Who is to be committed to a psychiatric hospital? An analysis of statutory definitions of mental illness and dangerousness: Revista estadounidense de psicología forense vol. 1(1) 1983, 33-50. Roth, L. H. (1979). A commitment law for patients, medicos, and lawyers: Revista Americana de Psiquiatría Vol 136(9) Sep 1979, 1121-1127. Roth, L. H., Meisel, Un., & Hasta, C. W. (1977). Tests of competency to consent to treatment: Revista Americana de Psiquiatría Vol 134(3) Estropear 1977, 279-284. Rothman, M., & Dubin, W. R. (1982). Patients released after psychiatric commitment evaluation: Comparison with the committed: Revista de Psiquiatría Clínica Vol 43(3) Estropear 1982, 90-93. Rubenstein, L. S. (1985). APA's model law: Hurting the people it seeks to help: Hospital & Psiquiatría Comunitaria Vol 36(9) Sep 1985, 968-972. Frotar, J. (1988). Civil commitment: An economic perspective: Behavioral Sciences & the Law Vol 6(1) Victoria 1988, 63-77. Frotar, L. C., & Mills, M. J. (1983). Behavioral precipitants to civil commitment: Revista Americana de Psiquiatría Vol 140(5) Mayo 1983, 603-606. Frotar, W. V., Snapp, M. B., Panzano, P. C., & Taynor, J. (1996). Variation in civil commitment processes across jurisdictions: An approach for monitoring and managing change in mental health systems: Journal of Mental Health Administration Vol 23(4) Fal 1996, 375-388. Rudolph, M. N. (2006). Competence to stand trial: Revista de la Academia Estadounidense de Psiquiatría y Derecho Vol. 34(3) Sep 2006, 412-414. Rushing, W. Un. (1978). Status resources, societal reactions, and type of mental hospital admission: Revista sociológica americana vol. 43(4) Ago 1978, 521-533. Rushing, W. Un., & Esco, J. (1977). Status resources and behavioral deviance as contingencies of societal reaction: Social Forces Vol 56(1) Sep 1977, 132-147. russell, Un. T., Winslade, W. J., & Liss, M. (1985). The hospitalization of minors in mental hospitals by their parents: An institutional case study: Psychiatric Hospital Vol 16(2) Spr 1985, 73-78. Rutkowski, R. (1992). A study of involuntary treatment in psychiatric hospitals: Psiquiatría polaca vol. 26(3-4) May-Aug 1992, 287-300. Sachs, B. (1990). Investigation on the situation of mental patients hospitalized according to a court decision: Psychiatrie, Neurologie und Medizinische Psychologie Vol 42(10) Oct 1990, 625-629. Sadoff, R. L. (1975). Risks of state and private hospital psychiatrists in involuntary hospitalization in re: Right to treatment: Bulletin of the American Academy of Psychiatry & the Law Vol 3(1) Estropear 1975, 32-37. Saks, E. R. (2002). Refusing care: Forced treatment and the rights of the mentally ill. Chicago, IL: Prensa de la Universidad de Chicago. Saks, E. R. (2004). Refusing Care: Forced Treatment and the Use of Psychiatric Advance Directives: Journal of Forensic Psychology Practice Vol 4(4) 2004, 35-50. Sanguineti, V. R., & Brooks, M. O. (1992). Factors related to emergency commitment of chronic mentally ill patients who are substance abusers: Hospital & Psiquiatría Comunitaria Vol 43(3) Estropear 1992, 237-241. Sanguineti, V. R., & Brooks, M. O. (1993). Factors related to emergency commitment of chronic mentally ill patients who are substance abusers. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Publishing, Inc. Sanguineti, V. R., Samuel, S. E., Schwartz, S. L., & Robeson, M. R. (1996). Retrospective study of 2,200 involuntary psychiatric admissions and readmissions: Revista Americana de Psiquiatría Vol 153(3) Estropear 1996, 392-396. Sansón, R. Un., Gage, M. D., & Wiederman, M. W. (1998). Investigation of borderline personality disorder among nonpsychotic, involuntarily hospitalized clients: Revista de consejería de salud mental vol. 20(2) Apr 1998, 133-140. Sata, L. S., & Goldenberg, E. E. (1977). A study of involuntary patients in Seattle: Hospital & Psiquiatría Comunitaria Vol 28(11) Nov 1977, 834-837. Sattar, S. PAGS., Finals, D. Un., Din, Un. U., & Appelbaum, P. S. (2006). To Commit or Not to Commit: The Psychiatry Resident as a Variable in Involuntary Commitment Decisions: Academic Psychiatry Vol 30(3) Mayo-Junio 2006, 191-195. Sauer, G. C., Kirk, S., & George, C. E. (1982). Developing a comprehensive system for handling mental illness commitments: Psychiatric Quarterly Vol 54(4) Victoria 1982, 237-246. Schalast, N. (1994). Commitment of offenders to alcohol rehabilitation clinics: Problems in the treatment of alcohol-dependent offenders: Recht & Psiquiatría vol. 12(1) 1994, 2-10. Schalast, N. (2000). Legal regulations concerning the psychiatric detention of mentally disturbed offenders in North-Rhine-Westfalia: Recht & Psiquiatría vol. 18(1) 2000, 16-19. Schanda, H. (2005). Mental health legislation in Austria: Civil and penal laws from a psychiatric viewpoint: Recht & Psiquiatría vol. 23(4) 2005, No Pagination Specified. Schape, M. (1994). The need for legal representation in the execution of court-ordered psychiatric hospitalization: Recht & Psiquiatría vol. 12(3) 1994, 124-129. Scheid-Cook, T. L. (1987). Commitment of the mentally ill to outpatient treatment: Diario de Salud Mental Comunitaria Vol. 23(3) Fal 1987, 173-182. Scheid-Cook, T. L. (1988). Mitigating organizational contradictions: The role of mediatory myths: Journal of Applied Behavioral Science Vol 24(2) 1988, 161-171. Schlank, Un. (2006). The civil commitment of sexual offenders: Lecciones aprendidas. Nueva York, NY: Juan Wiley & Sons Ltd. Schlank, Un., & Bidelman, P. (2001). Transition--Challenges for the offender and the community. Kingston, NJ: Civic Research Institute. Schlank, Un., & Cohen, F. (1999). The sexual predator: Ley, policy, evaluation and treatment. Kingston, NJ: Civic Research Institute. Schlank, Un., Harry, R., & Farnsworth, M. (1999). The Minnesota Sex Offender Program. Kingston, NJ: Civic Research Institute. Schmidt, W. C. (1985). Considerations of social science in a reconsideration of Parham v. J.R. and the commitment of children to public mental institutions: Revista de Psiquiatría & Law Vol 13(3-4) Fal-Ganar 1985, 339-359. Schneider, P. B., & Guillem, P. (1977). The indication for psychiatric hospitalization: Retrospective critical study of 416 admissions to a psychiatric hospital: Schweizer Archiv fur Neurologie, Neurochirurgie und Psychiatrie Vol 120(1) 1977, 109-129. Schneider-Braus, K. (1986). Civil commitment to outpatient psychotherapy: A case study: Bulletin of the American Academy of Psychiatry & the Law Vol 14(3) 1986, 273-279. Schopp, R. F. (1989). Depresión, the insanity defense, and civil commitment: Foundations in autonomy and responsibility: Revista Internacional de Derecho y Psiquiatría vol. 12(1) 1989, 81-98. Schopp, R. F. (1998). Civil commitment and sexual predators: Competence and condemnation: Psicología, Política pública, and Law Vol 4(1-2) Mar-Jun 1998, 323-376. Schopp, R. F. (2001). Expert testimony and commitment as a sexual predator. Washington, DC: Asociación Americana de Psicología. Schopp, R. F. (2001). Incompetence and commitment. Washington, DC: Asociación Americana de Psicología. Schopp, R. F. (2001). Legally significant mental illness. Washington, DC: Asociación Americana de Psicología. Schopp, R. F. (2001). Normative structure II: The police power. Washington, DC: Asociación Americana de Psicología. Schopp, R. F. (2001). Professional judgment and responsibilities: Intrinsic and delegated. Washington, DC: Asociación Americana de Psicología. Schopp, R. F. (2001). The right to refuse care. Washington, DC: Asociación Americana de Psicología. Schopp, R. F. (2001). Sexual predator statutes and the police power. Washington, DC: Asociación Americana de Psicología. Schopp, R. F. (2001). The Supreme Court on civil commitment. Washington, DC: Asociación Americana de Psicología. Schopp, R. F., & Quattrocchi, M. R. (1995). Predicting the present: Expert testimony and civil commitment: Behavioral Sciences & the Law Vol 13(2) Spr 1995, 159-181. Schopp, R. F., Scalora, M. J., & Pearce, M. (1999). Expert testimony and professional judgment: Psychological expertise and commitment as a sexual predator after Hendricks: Psicología, Política pública, and Law Vol 5(1) Estropear 1999, 120-174. Schreiber, J., Roesch, R., & Golding, S. (1987). An evaluation of procedures for assessing competency to stand trial: Bulletin of the American Academy of Psychiatry & the Law Vol 15(2) 1987, 187-203. Schwartz, B. K. (1999). The case against involuntary commitment. Kingston, NJ: Civic Research Institute. Schwartz, H. Yo., & Pinsker, H. (1987). Mediating retention or release of the potentially dangerous patient: Hospital & Psiquiatría Comunitaria Vol 38(1) Ene 1987, 75-77. Schwartz, L. (1982). Involuntary admission--a century of experience: Revista de Psiquiatría Clínica Vol 43(1) Ene 1982, 28-32. Schwartz, P. (1983). Liberty and autonomy versus confinement and commitment: The history of legal intervention in colonial Connecticut: Revista de Psiquiatría & Law Vol 11(4) Victoria 1983, 461-501. Schwitzgebel, R. K. (1975). Implementing a right to effective treatment: Ley & Psychology Review Vol 1 Spr 1975, 117-130. Ver, J. (1975). Insanity proceedings and Black-White state hospital admission rate differences: Revista Internacional de Psiquiatría Social Vol. 21(3) Fal 1975, 220-228. Segal, B. M. (1977). Soviet approaches to involuntary hospitalization: Revista Internacional de Psiquiatría Social Vol. 23(2) Suma 1977, 94-102. Segal, S. P. (1989). Civil commitment standards and patient mix in England/Wales, Italia, and the United States: Revista Americana de Psiquiatría Vol 146(2) Feb 1989, 187-193. Segal, S. P. (2001). Effectiveness of involuntary outpatient commitment: Revista Americana de Psiquiatría Vol 158(4) Apr 2001, 654-655. Segal, S. PAGS., Akutsu, P. D., & watson, M. Un. (1998). Factors associated with involuntary return to a psychiatric emergency service within 12 Meses: Servicios psiquiátricos vol. 49(9) Sep 1998, 1212-1217. Segal, S. PAGS., Laurie, T. Un., & Franskoviak, P. (2004). Ambivalence of PES patients toward hospitalization and factors in their disposition: Revista Internacional de Derecho y Psiquiatría vol. 27(1) ene-feb 2004, 87-99. Segal, S. PAGS., Laurie, T. Un., & Segal, M. J. (2001). Factores en el uso de la retención coercitiva en las evaluaciones de internamiento civil en los servicios de urgencias psiquiátricas: Servicios psiquiátricos vol. 52(4) Apr 2001, 514-520. Segal, S. PAGS., watson, M. Un., Goldfinger, S. M., & Averbuck, D. S. (1988). Civil commitment in the psychiatric emergency room: Yo. The assessment of dangerousness by emergency room clinicians: Archivos de Psiquiatría General Vol. 45(8) Ago 1988, 748-752. Segal, S. PAGS., watson, M. Un., Goldfinger, S. M., & Averbuck, D. S. (1988). Civil commitment in the psychiatric emergency room: II. Mental disorder indicators and three dangerousness criteria: Archivos de Psiquiatría General Vol. 45(8) Ago 1988, 753-758. Segal, S. PAGS., watson, M. Un., Goldfinger, S. M., & Averbuck, D. S. (1988). Civil commitment in the psychiatric emergency room: III. Disposition as a function of mental disorder and dangerousness indicators: Archivos de Psiquiatría General Vol. 45(8) Ago 1988, 759-763. Segal, S. PAGS., watson, M. Un., & nelson, L. S. (1985). Equity in the application of civil commitment criteria: New Directions for Mental Health Services No 28 Dic 1985, 93-105. Segal, S. PAGS., watson, M. Un., & nelson, S. (1986). Consistency in the application of civil commitment standards in psychiatric emergency rooms: Revista de Psiquiatría & Law Vol 14(1-2) Spr-Suma 1986, 125-148. Seifert, D., Jahn, K., & Bolten, S. (2001). The release situation of forensic patients at present and the problems of predicting dangerousness: avances en neurologia, Psiquiatría vol. 69(6) Jun 2001, 245-255. Serra, P. (1985). A trap in psychiatric social services: A research project on the interactions among the psychiatrist, his own patient, and the police force: Rivista Sperimentale di Freniatria e Medicina Legale delle Alienazioni Mentali Vol 109(6) Dic 1985, 1338-1343. Shah, S. Un. (1975). Dangerousness and civil commitment of the mentally ill: Some public policy considerations: Revista Americana de Psiquiatría Vol 132(5) Mayo 1975, 501-505. Sharma, S. (2004). Sexual Dyscontrol and Mental Illness After Hendricks: Continuing to Define Hendricks and the Basis for Commitment of Sexual Predators: Revista de la Academia Estadounidense de Psiquiatría y Derecho Vol. 32(1) 2004, 99-102. Shaw, T., & Funderburk, J. R. (1999). Civil commitment of sex offenders as therapeutic jurisprudence--A rational approach to community protection. Kingston, NJ: Civic Research Institute. Sheppard, M. (1991). General practice, social work, and mental health sections: The social control of women: Revista británica de trabajo social vol. 21(6) Dic 1991, 663-683. Sheridan, K. (1997). Una historia de dos mundos: PsycCRITIQUES Vol 42 (6), Jun, 1997. Shore, J. H., Breakey, W., & Arvidson, B. (1981). Morbidity and mortality in the commitment process: Archivos de Psiquiatría General Vol. 38(8) Ago 1981, 930-934. Shorter, E. (2004). Review of The confinement of the insane: International perspectives, 1800-1965: Revista Americana de Psiquiatría Vol 161(9) Sep 2004, 1732. Shralow, D. R. (1983). Fifth Amendment: Indefinite commitment of insanity acquittees and due process considerations: Journal of Criminal Law & Criminology Vol 74(4) Victoria 1983, 1334-1352. Shuman, D. W. (1985). Innovative statutory approaches to civil commitment: An overview and critique: The Law, Medicina & Health Care Vol 13(6) Dic 1985, 284-289. Sidorowicz, S. (1976). Coercion in the admission process to a psychiatric hospital: Psiquiatría polaca vol. 10(1) 1976, 45-50. Sigal, M. (1994). Involuntary hospitalization: Medical or judicial authority: Israel Journal of Psychiatry and Related Sciences vol. 31(4) 1994, 254-260. Silove, D., Doutney, C., & Pollock, C. (1986). The contest between psychiatrists and lawyers over involuntary detention: The effects of recent changes in mental health legislation in New South Wales: Revista de psiquiatría de Australia y Nueva Zelanda, vol. 20(3) Sep 1986, 294-302. Silver, F. W. (1986). Medication refusal by involuntary psychiatric patients: Legal and clinical issues: Revisión de psicología clínica vol. 6(2) 1986, 115-132. Simon, R. J., & Cockerham, W. (1977). Civil commitment, burden of proof, and dangerous acts: A comparison of the perspectives of judges and psychiatrists: Revista de Psiquiatría & Law Vol 5(4) Victoria 1977, 571-594. Singh, S. PAGS., Croudace, T., Beck, Un., & harrison, G. (1998). Perceived ethnicity and the risk of compulsory admission: Psiquiatría Social y Epidemiología Psiquiátrica Vol. 33(1) Ene 1998, 39-44. Skarangas, D. (1996). The application of Law 2071/92 about mental health: Psychiatriki Vol 7(3) Navidad-septiembre 1996, 199-203. Slobogin, C. (1994). Involuntary community treatment of people who are violent and mentally ill: A legal analysis: Hospital & Psiquiatría Comunitaria Vol 45(7) Jul 1994, 685-689. Slovenko, R. (1977). Criminal justice procedures in civil commitment: Hospital & Psiquiatría Comunitaria Vol 28(11) Nov 1977, 817-826. Smit, J. (1987). Question or quarrel: An analysis of the dialogue between judge and patient in the involuntary commitment procedure: Revista Internacional de Derecho y Psiquiatría vol. 10(3) 1987, 251-263. Herrero, G. (1992). Mental health and ethics debate: "To be or not to be, a question of treatment": A service provider's view: Mental Health in Australia Vol 4(2) Dic 1992, 29-31. Herrero, L. D. (1989). Medication refusal and the rehospitalized mentally ill inmate: Hospital & Psiquiatría Comunitaria Vol 40(5) Mayo 1989, 491-496. Herrero, S. M., & Kunjukrishnan, R. (1986). Medicolegal aspects of mental retardation: Psychiatric Clinics of North America Vol 9(4) Dic 1986, 699-712. Snowdon, J. (1981). A review of compulsory admissions to a psychiatric unit in Sydney: Revista de psiquiatría de Australia y Nueva Zelanda, vol. 15(4) Dic 1981, 307-310. Snyman, J. L. (1984). The civil commitment of the mentally ill: Rights and legal protection of the person concerned: Resúmenes de disertación internacional. Sobel, S. B. (1977). State statutes and the role of professional psychologists in commitment proceedings for the mentally ill: Clinical Psychologist Vol 31(2) Victoria 1977-1978, 21-23. Sobel, S. B. (1978). State statutes and the role of professional psychologists in commitment proceedings for the mentally retarded/developmentally disabled: Clinical Psychologist Vol 32(1) Fal 1978, 7-10. Soothill, K., Kupituksa, PAGS., Badiani, D., & Macmillan, F. (1990). Compulsory admissions to mental hospitals: A replication study: Revista Internacional de Derecho y Psiquiatría vol. 13(3) 1990, 179-190. Soothill, K. L., & et al. (1981). Compulsory admissions to mental hospitals in six countries: Revista Internacional de Derecho y Psiquiatría vol. 4(3-4) 1981, 327-344. Sorensen, S. R. (1985). Quality of life in civil commitment: Resúmenes de disertación internacional. Sourander, Un., Échale un vistazo, J., & Turunen, M.-M. (1998). Involuntary psychiatric hospital treatment among 12- to 17-year-olds in Finland: A nationwide register study: Revista nórdica de psiquiatría vol. 52(5) 1998, 367-371. Speer, D. C. (1972). Inventory commitment: Some considerations for crisis intervention outreach workers: Crisis Intervention Vol 4(4) 1972, 112-116. Spengler, Un. (1986). Factors influencing assignment of patients to compulsory admission: Social Psychiatry Vol 21(3) Jul 1986, 113-122. Spengler, Un., & Bohme, K. (1989). Logistic-epidemiological aspects of emergency hospitalization: Nervenarzt Vol 60(4) Apr 1989, 226-232. Spensley, J., Barter, J. T., Werme, P. H., & Langsley, D. G. (1974). Involuntary hospitalization: What for and how long? : Revista Americana de Psiquiatría Vol 131(2) Feb 1974, 219-223. Splane, S., Monahan, J., Prestholt, D., & Friedlander, H. D. (1982). Patients' perceptions of the family's role in involuntary commitment: Hospital & Psiquiatría Comunitaria Vol 33(7) Jul 1982, 569-572. Splane, S. Yo. (1981). Role and function of the attorney in civil commitment: A psychological analysis: Resúmenes de disertación internacional. Sreenivasan, S., Kirkish, PAGS., Eth, S., Mintz, J., & et al. (1997). Predictors of recidivistic violence in criminally insane and civilly committed psychiatric inpatients: Revista Internacional de Derecho y Psiquiatría vol. 20(2) Spr 1997, 279-291. Stafford, K. P. (2002). Civil commitment. Nueva York, NY: Editores académicos/plenum de Kluwer. Stefan, S. (1985). Right to counsel in civil commitment proceedings: Mental & Physical Disability Law Reporter Vol 9(3) Mayo-Junio 1985, 230-237. Stefan, S. (1987). Preventive commitment: The concept and its pitfalls: Mental & Physical Disability Law Reporter Vol 11(4) Navidad-agosto 1987, 288-302. Stegman, R. L. (1982). The identification and prediction of harmful behaviors in the context of civil commitment: Resúmenes de disertación internacional. jarra, B. Un., & Tanzer, L. (1988). Morbidity and mortality of certified adolescent psychiatric patients: El Diario Canadiense de Psiquiatría / La Revue canadienne de psychiatrie Vol 33(6) Ago 1988, 488-493. Steingarten, J. (1976). Report from Colorado: The new commitment law: Revista de Psiquiatría & Law Vol 4(1) Sep 1976, 105-124. stevens, E. H. (1987). Wyatt v. Stickney concludes with a whimper: Mental & Physical Disability Law Reporter Vol 11(2) Mar-Abr 1987, 139-140. Stevenson, G. S. (2003). Emergency psychiatric detentions in a Scottish health region--the use of sections 24 y 25 of the Mental Health (Escocia) Act 1984: Revista Internacional de Derecho y Psiquiatría vol. 26(3) Mayo-Junio 2003, 257-267. Stoffelmayr, B. E., Roth, D. M., Parker, W., & Dillavou, D. (1983). Legal status and patient behavior at the time of hospitalization: Revista estadounidense de psicología forense vol. 1(2) 1983, 5-14. Stone, Un. Un. (1975). "Is dangerousness an issue for physicians in emergency commitment?": Comentario: Revista Americana de Psiquiatría Vol 132(8) Ago 1975, 829-831. Stone, Un. Un. (1975). Visión general: The right to treatment--comments on the law and its impact: Revista Americana de Psiquiatría Vol 132(11) Nov 1975, 1125-1134. Stone, Un. Un. (1977). Recent mental health litigation: A critical pespective: Revista Americana de Psiquiatría Vol 134(3) Estropear 1977, 273-279. Stone, Un. Un. (1985). A response to comments on APA's model commitment law: Hospital & Psiquiatría Comunitaria Vol 36(9) Sep 1985, 984-989. Stone, Un. Un. (1988). Psychiatry and the law. Cambridge, MAMÁ, Inglaterra: Belknap Press. Stone, M. Un. (1976). The right of the psychiatric patient to refuse treatment: Revista de Psiquiatría & Law Vol 4(4) Victoria 1976, 515-533. Stone, W. R., & Belanger, J. (1978). Evaluating the competency of admissions to a state maximum-security service: Hospital & Psiquiatría Comunitaria Vol 29(7) Jul 1978, 425-426. Storch, D. D. (1992). Clinical review panels versus court hearings in treatment refusal by involuntary patients: Hospital & Psiquiatría Comunitaria Vol 43(10) Oct 1992, 1033-1035. Storch, D. D. (1993). First year of Maryland's new CRP statute in one state hospital: Bulletin of the American Academy of Psychiatry & the Law Vol 21(3) 1993, 277-280. Stromberg, C. D., & Stone, Un. Un. (1983). Statute: A model state law on civil commitment of the mentally ill: Harvard Journal on Legislation Vol 20(2) Suma 1983, 275-396. Fuerte, H. R. (1983). Civil commitment: A review of traditional arrangements in the provision of involuntary hospitalization of the mentally ill: El Diario Canadiense de Psiquiatría / La Revue canadienne de psychiatrie Vol 28(4) Jun 1983, 307-313. Sutter, J. B. (1982). Involuntary civil commitment legislation: The effects of increasingly stringent criteria: Resúmenes de disertación internacional. Suzuki, Un. (2005). Were Asylums Men's Places?: Male Excess in the Asylum Population in Japan in the Early Twentieth Century. Amsterdam, Países Bajos: Amsterdam University Press. Zagal, P. Un. (2000). Admitted and detained--Community members and mental health review boards: Psiquiatría, Psicología y Derecho Vol. 7(1) 2000, 79-88. Swartz, M. S., Swanson, J. W., Wagner, H. R., Quemaduras, B. J., Hola, V. Un., & Borum, R. (1999). Can involuntary outpatient commitment reduce hospital recidivism?: Findings from a randomized trial with severely mentally ill individuals: Revista Americana de Psiquiatría Vol 156(12) Dic 1999, 1968-1975. Swartz, M. S., Swanson, J. W., Wagner, H. R., Quemaduras, B. J., Hola, V. Un., & Borum, R. (2001). Dr. Swartz and colleagues reply: Revista Americana de Psiquiatría Vol 158(4) Apr 2001, 655-656. Swartz, S. (1995). Colonizing the insane: Causes of insanity in the Cape, 1891-1920: History of the Human Sciences Vol 8(4) Nov 1995, 39-57. Swift, G., Nasir, M., Sheehan, J. D., & Casey, P. R. (2001). Junior doctors' experience and knowledge of procedures in compulsory psychiatric admissions in Ireland: Revista irlandesa de medicina psicológica vol. 18(1) Estropear 2001, 21-23. Sydeman, S. J., Cascardi, M., Poythress, N. G., & Ritterband, L. M. (1997). Procedural justice in the context of civil commitment: A critique of Tyler's analysis: Psicología, Política pública, and Law Vol 3(1) Estropear 1997, 207-221. Szasz, T. (1977). Psychiatric slavery. Nueva York, NY: Free Press. Szasz, T. (1989). Suicide and psychiatric coercion: Revista de psicología humanista vol. 29(3) Suma 1989, 380-384. Szasz, T. (1990). Law and psychiatry: The problems that will not go away: Journal of Mind and Behavior Vol 11(3-4) Sum-Fal 1990, 557-563. Szasz, T. (1991). Noncoercive psychiatry: un oxímoron: Reflections on Law, Liberty, and Psychiatry: Revista de psicología humanista vol. 31(2) Spr 1991, 117-125. Szasz, T. (2005). ¿Deberían los psicólogos ser agentes coercitivos del Estado?? : Psicología actual: Del desarrollo, Aprendizaje, Personalidad, Volumen social 24(2) Suma 2005, 77-79. Szasz, T. S. (1972). Voluntary mental hospitalization: An unacknowledged practice of medical fraud: New England Journal of Medicine Vol 287(6) Ago 1972, 277-278. Szasz, T. S. (1973). The age of madness: The history of involuntary mental hospitalization presented in selected texts. Oxford, Inglaterra: Anchor. Szasz, T. S. (1974). Psiquiatría: A clear and present danger: MH Vol 58(2) Spr 1974, 17-20. Szasz, T. S. (1975). Medicine and madness: Revista de Psiquiatría & Law Vol 3(2) Suma 1975, 215-222. fumador, G., & Hotopf, M. (2001). Effectiveness of involuntary outpatient commitment: Revista Americana de Psiquiatría Vol 158(4) Apr 2001, 653-654. fumador, G. Yo. (1981). Compulsory admissions in a London borough: II. Circumstances surrounding admission: Service implications: Medicina Psicológica Vol. 11(4) Nov 1981, 825-838. fumador, G. Yo., Bird, Un. S., & Button, E. J. (1981). Compulsory admissions in a London borough: Yo. Social and clinical features and a follow-up: Medicina Psicológica Vol. 11(3) Ago 1981, 617-636. Takeshima, T., Tachimori, H., & Miyake, Y. (2004). The Actual Conditions of Involuntary Hospitalization Systems: Investigation into the designation of examination by prefectural governor: Seishin Igaku (Clinical Psychiatry) Para. 46(6) Jun 2004, 571-577. Tan, J., & Elphick, M. (2002). Competency and use of the Mental Health Act--A matrix to aid decision-making: Boletín Psiquiátrico Vol. 26(3) Estropear 2002, 104-106. Taxman, F. S., & Messina, N. P. (2002). Civil commitment: A coerced treatment model. Nueva York, NY: Compañía editorial Springer. Tepper, Un. M., & Elwork, Un. (1984). Competence to consent to treatment as a psycholegal construct: Ley y comportamiento humano vol. 8(3-4) Dic 1984, 205-223. Tershakovec, Un. (1964). An observation concerning changing attitudes toward mental illness: American Journal of Psychiatry 121(4) 1964, 353-357. Tomás, J. S., & Herbert, P. B. (2005). Commitment Pursuant to Insanity Acquittal: "Clear and Convincing" Burden of Proof on an Insanity Acquittee at a Commitment Hearing Is Constitutional: Revista de la Academia Estadounidense de Psiquiatría y Derecho Vol. 33(4) Dic 2005, 558-561. Thompson, J. S. (1986). Decision making in civil commitment: Resúmenes de disertación internacional. Thompson, J. S., & Ager, J. W. (1988). An experimental analysis of the civil commitment recommendations of psychologists and psychiatrists: Behavioral Sciences & the Law Vol 6(1) Victoria 1988, 119-129. Thronton, D. (2001). Civil commitment of dangerous, personality-disordered offenders--Developing a model. Kingston, NJ: Civic Research Institute. Toews, J., El-Guebaly, N., Leckie, Un., & arpista, D. (1984). Patients' attitudes at the time of their commitment: El Diario Canadiense de Psiquiatría / La Revue canadienne de psychiatrie Vol 29(7) Nov 1984, 590-595. Toews, J., El-Guebaly, N., Leckie, Un., & arpista, D. (1986). Change with time in patients' reactions to committal: El Diario Canadiense de Psiquiatría / La Revue canadienne de psychiatrie Vol 31(5) Jun 1986, 413-415. Toews, J., Prabhu, V., & El-Guebaly, N. (1980). Commitment of the mentally ill: Current issues: El Diario Canadiense de Psiquiatría / La Revue canadienne de psychiatrie Vol 25(8) Dic 1980, 611-618. Toews, J. Un., el-Guebaly, N., & Leckie, Un. (1981). Patients' reactions to their commitment: El Diario Canadiense de Psiquiatría / La Revue canadienne de psychiatrie Vol 26(4) Jun 1981, 251-254. Tomelleri, C. J., Lakshminarayanan, N., & Herjanic, M. (1977). Who are the "committed"? : Revista de Enfermedades Nerviosas y Mentales Vol 165(4) Oct 1977, 288-293. Travers, R. F., & Brabbins, C. J. (1993). Court diversion: Revista Británica de Psiquiatría Vol 163 Sep 1993, 412-413. Treffert, D. Un. (1975). The practical limits of patients' rights: Anales psiquiátricos vol. 5(4) Apr 1975, 158-161. Treffert, D. Un. (1985). The obviously ill patient in need of treatment: A fourth standard for civil commitment: Hospital & Psiquiatría Comunitaria Vol 36(3) Estropear 1985, 259-264. Tremblay, P. F., Rey, P. R., & Baines, G. R. (1994). Clinical and demographic characteristics of voluntary and involuntary psychiatry inpatients: El Diario Canadiense de Psiquiatría / La Revue canadienne de psychiatrie Vol 39(5) Jun 1994, 297-299. Turkheimer, E., & Desviar, C. D. (1992). Why the gap? Practice and policy in civil commitment hearings: American Psychologist Vol 47(5) Mayo 1992, 646-655. Tornero, T. J. (1980). Consent to psychiatric treatment in Ontario 1979: Revista psiquiátrica de la Universidad de Ottawa Vol 5(2) Jun 1980, 82-85. Urata, J., Seto, H., & Tachimori, H. (2004). Involuntary Admission Ordered by Prefectural Governor and Follow-up Care after Discharge: Seishin Igaku (Clinical Psychiatry) Para. 46(6) Jun 2004, 599-605. Urrutia, G., Morrissey, J. Un., & matthews, J. G. (1987). Commitment patients in a private psychiatric hospital: A pilot program in Tennessee: Psychiatric Hospital Vol 18(3) Suma 1987, 115-119. Valpey, D. D. (1982). The psychological impact of 18 years in a board and care home: Journal of Community Psychology Vol 10(1) Ene 1982, 95-97. Van Blokland, Un. J., & Wassenberg, J. H. (1989). From pitfall to safety net: The family as a positive factor in the forensic psychiatric clinic: Tijdschrift voor Psychotherapie Vol 15(4) Jul 1989, 223-233. Van der Post, L., Peen, J., Schoevers, R. Un., & Dekker, J. (2004). Psychiatric treatment after a civil commitment: Revista de psiquiatría vol. 46(4) 2004, 209-217. Van Duizend, R., McGraw, B. D., & Keilitz, Yo. (1984). An overview of state involuntary civil commitment statutes: Mental & Physical Disability Law Reporter Vol 8(3) Mayo-Junio 1984, 328-335. Van Lysebetten, T., & Igodt, P. (2000). Compulsory psychiatric admission: A comparison of English and Belgian legislation: Boletín Psiquiátrico Vol. 24(2) Feb 2000, 66-68. Van Marle, H. J. (1986). Care and motivation for treatment in the Dutch TBR-system: Revista de psiquiatría vol. 28(4) 1986, 244-253. van Panhuis, P. J. Un., & Dingemans, P. M. (2000). Assessment of dangerousness and best interest: Revista de psiquiatría vol. 42(6) 2000, 381-387. Van Putten, R. Un., Santiago, J. M., & Berren, M. R. (1988). Involuntary outpatient commitment in Arizona: A retrospective study: Hospital & Psiquiatría Comunitaria Vol 39(9) Sep 1988, 953-958. van Rooij, M. F., Vleugels, C. M., Kortman, F. Un., diez tener, H. Un., & van Wijmen, F. C. (2001). Involuntary admissions and addiction: Research into the application of the Dutch law for involuntary psychiatric admissions: Revista de psiquiatría vol. 43(4) 2001, 265-270. Vegt, M., & Van der Velden, M. (1989). Involuntary admission in the city of the Hague: A dossier inquiry for the period of 1982-1986: Revista de psiquiatría vol. 31(1) 1989, 5-14. Vegt, M., & Van der Velden, M. (1989). Involuntary admission in the city of the Hague: A dossier inquiry for the period of 1982superscript 1986: Revista de psiquiatría vol. 31(1) 1989, 5-14. Verdun-Jones, S. N. (1986). The dawn of a "new legalism" in Australia? The New South Wales Mental Health Act, 1983 and related legislation: Revista Internacional de Derecho y Psiquiatría vol. 8(1) 1986, 95-118. Verdun-Jones, S. N. (1989). Sentencing the partly mad and the partly bad: The case of the hospital order in England and Wales: Revista Internacional de Derecho y Psiquiatría vol. 12(1) 1989, 1-27. Vess, J. (2005). Preventive detention versus civil commitment: alternative policies for public protection in New Zealand and California: Psiquiatría, Psicología y Derecho Vol. 12(2) 2005, 357-366. Vestergaard, J. (1984). The Danish Mental Health Act of 1938: "Progressive" psychiatric paternalism revised: Revista Internacional de Derecho y Psiquiatría vol. 7(3-4) 1984, 441-453. Vitacco, M. J., & Packer, Yo. K. (2003). Civil Commitment: Revista de la Academia Estadounidense de Psiquiatría y Derecho Vol. 31(2) 2003, 264-266. Wagner, B. (1989). Are psychiatric therapeutic methods "Derecha"? For effective legal protection in the choice of a compulsory treatment. Part One: Recht & Psiquiatría vol. 7(2) 1989, 49-56. Waithe, M. E. (1983). Why Mill was for paternalism: Revista Internacional de Derecho y Psiquiatría vol. 6(1) 1983, 101-111. Walcott, D. M. (2000). Sexually violent predator commitment successfully challenged on basis of conditions of confinement and treatment: Revista de la Academia Estadounidense de Psiquiatría y Derecho Vol. 28(2) 2000, 244-245. Walcott, D. M., & Beck, J. C. (2000). Dangerous severe personality disorder: Extension of the use of civil commitment in the United Kingdom: Revista de la Academia Estadounidense de Psiquiatría y Derecho Vol. 28(4) 2000, 469-475. Walding, J. K. (1990). What ever happened to Parham and Institutionalized Juveniles: Do minors have procedural rights in the civil commitment area? : Ley & Psychology Review Vol 14 Spr 1990, 281-302. Wallach, S. (1976). A constitutional right to treatment: Past, present, and future: Professional Psychology Vol 7(4) Nov 1976, 453-467. Wanck, B. (1984). Two decades of involuntary hospitalization legislation: Revista Americana de Psiquiatría Vol 141(1) Ene 1984, 33-38. Wang, E. (2005). Sexually Violent Predators: Revista de la Academia Estadounidense de Psiquiatría y Derecho Vol. 33(3) 2005, 403-405. Conejera, M. G., & Moon, R. R. (1994). Dixon: In the absence of political will, carry a big stick: Ley & Psychology Review Vol 18 Spr 1994, 329-359. Watkins, N. J., & Roth, B. Un. (1976). Kremens v. Bartley: The case for the state: Hospital & Psiquiatría Comunitaria Vol 27(10) Oct 1976, 706-708. Webster, C. D., Phillips, M. S., & Stermac, L. (1985). Persons held on Warrants of the Lieutenant Governor in Canada: Canada's Mental Health Vol 33(3) Sep 1985, 28-32. Weihofen, H. (1963). Hospitalization: Alemán, Albert (Ed); Fishman, Helen (Ed). Weinberger, L. E., & Botello, T. (1999). An examination of California's civil commitment laws and national future trends. San Francisco, California: Jossey-Bajo. Weinberger, L. E., Sreenivasan, S., & Markowitz, E. (1998). Extended civil commitment for dangerous psychiatric patients: Revista de la Academia Estadounidense de Psiquiatría y Derecho Vol. 26(1) 1998, 75-87. Weiner, B. Un. (1982). Supreme Court decisions on mental health: Una reseña: Hospital & Psiquiatría Comunitaria Vol 33(6) Jun 1982, 461-464. Weinstein, N. (1979). Liberty and mental health: A philosophical conflict: Adolescent Psychiatry Vol 7 1979, 433-443. Weinstock, R. (1999). Competence in adolescents. Mahwah, NJ: Prensa Analítica. Weisstub, D. N. (1977). Involuntary commitment: The Canadian Psychiatric Association Journal / La Revue de l'Association des psychiatres du Canada Vol 22(4) Jun 1977, 177-179. Welch, S. (1977). O'Connor v Donaldson: A defacto right to treatment? : Ley & Psychology Review Vol 3 Fal 1977, 99-106. Werth, J. L., Jr. (2001). Estados Unidos. involuntary mental health commitment statutes: Requirements for persons perceived to be a potential harm to self: Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior Vol 31(3) Fal 2001, 348-357. Westrin, C. G. (1997). Compulsory psychiatric care: An arena for conflicts and research: Revista nórdica de psiquiatría vol. 51(Suppl 39) 1997, 57-61, 73-95. Wettstein, R. M. (1987). Ethics and involuntary treatment: Administration in Mental Health Vol 15(2) Victoria 1987, 110-119. Wexler, D. B. (1974). Mental health law and the movement toward voluntary treatment: California Law Review Vol 62(3) Mayo 1974, 671-1068. Wexler, D. B. (1985). APA's model law: A commitment code by and for psychiatrists: Hospital & Psiquiatría Comunitaria Vol 36(9) Sep 1985, 981-983. Wexler, D. B. (1985). Right to appeal commitment: Mental & Physical Disability Law Reporter Vol 9(6) Nov-Dic 1985, 410. Wexler, D. B. (1986). Grave disability and family therapy: The therapeutic potential of civil libertarian commitment codes: Revista Internacional de Derecho y Psiquiatría vol. 9(1) 1986, 39-56. Wexler, D. B. (1988). Reforming the law in action through empirically grounded civil commitment guidelines: Hospital & Psiquiatría Comunitaria Vol 39(4) Apr 1988, 402-405. Wexler, D. B., & et al. (1971). The administration of psychiatric justice: Theory and practice in Arizona: Arizona Law Review Vol 13(1) 1971, 1-259. Weyer, R. Un. (1994). A sociological analysis of changing trends in mental health legislation: A case study of New Jersey's new involuntary Civil Commitment Law. Resúmenes de tesis internacional Sección A: Humanidades y Ciencias Sociales. Blanco, M. D., & Blanco, C. Un. (1981). Involuntarily committed patients' constitutional right to refuse treatment: A challenge to psychology: American Psychologist Vol 36(9) Sep 1981, 953-962. Blanco, M. D., Blanco, C. Un., Cournos, F., McKinnon, K., Stanley, B., Storch, D. D., et al. (1993). Therapeutic issue I: Involuntary treatment and involuntary medication. Madison, WI, Inglaterra: Marrón & Benchmark/Wm C Brown Publ. Wilk, R. J. (1988). Implications of involuntary outpatient commitment for community mental health agencies: American Journal of Orthopsychiatry Vol 58(4) Oct 1988, 580-591. Wilk, R. J. (1988). Involuntary outpatient commitment of the mentally ill: Social Work Vol 33(2) Mar-Abr 1988, 133-137. Wilk, R. J. (1994). Are the rights of people with mental illness still important? : Social Work Vol 39(2) Estropear 1994, 167-175. Williams, J. G., Sala, J. E., & O'Hara, M. B. (1991). Treatment effects of separate commitment laws for mental illness and chemical dependency: Hospital & Psiquiatría Comunitaria Vol 42(4) Apr 1991, 420-422. Williams, W., Thornby, J., & Sandlin, P. D. (1989). Perceptions of prehospital dangerous behavior by psychiatric inpatients and their families: Revista de Psiquiatría & Law Vol 17(1) Spr 1989, 21-37. wilson, B. (1974). A quest for justice: My confinement in two institutions. Oxford, Inglaterra: Exposition. Windholz, G. (1985). Psychiatric commitments of religious dissenters in Tsarist and Soviet Russia: Dos casos de estudio: Psiquiatría: Journal for the Study of Interpersonal Processes Vol 48(4) Nov 1985, 329-340. Windholz, G. (1987). The explicitly stated rationale for the involuntary commitment of the mentally ill given by the nineteenth-century German-speaking psychiatrists: Medicina Psicológica Vol. 17(2) Mayo 1987, 291-295. Winick, B. J. (1991). Voluntary hospitalization after Zinermon v Burch: Anales psiquiátricos vol. 21(10) Oct 1991, 584-589. Winick, B. J. (2001). The civil commitment hearing: Applying the law therapeutically. Washington, DC: Asociación Americana de Psicología. Sabio, T. N., & Berlín, R. M. (1987). Involuntary hospitalization: An issue for the consultation-liaison psychiatrist: Hospital General de Psiquiatría Vol 9(1) Ene 1987, 40-44. Wohl, J., & Palmer, Un. B. (1973). Behavioral correlates of commitment: An abortive study: Informes psicológicos vol. 33(3) Dic 1973, 707-711. Wolfman, S. (2006). Comentario: A Judiciary Point of View: Israel Journal of Psychiatry and Related Sciences vol. 43(3) 2006, 155-158. Wollert, R. (2001). An analysis of the argument that clinicians under-predict sexual violence in civil commitment cases: Comentario: Behavioral Sciences & the Law Vol 19(1) 2001, 171-184. Madera, K. Un. (1988). Commitment code revision's effect on psychologists' and psychiatrists' decision to hospitalize: Psicología Profesional: Investigación y Práctica Vol. 19(1) Feb 1988, 58-62. Madera, W. D., & Swanson, D. Un. (1985). Use of outpatient treatment during civil commitment: Law and practice in Nebraska: Revista de Psicología Clínica Vol 41(5) Sep 1985, 723-728. Trabajo, B. (1986). Tratamiento involuntario: Hospital & Psiquiatría Comunitaria Vol 37(2) Feb 1986, 184. Yesavage, J. Un., Werner, P. D., Becker, J. M., & Mills, M. J. (1982). The context of involuntary commitment on the basis of danger to others: A study of the use of the California 14-day certificate: Revista de Enfermedades Nerviosas y Mentales Vol 170(10) Oct 1982, 622-627. Yesavage, J. Un., Werner, P. D., Becker, J. M., & Mills, M. J. (1982). Short-term civil commitment and the violent patient: Revista Americana de Psiquiatría Vol 139(9) Sep 1982, 1145-1149. Yip, S.-h. (2004). Social Workers' and Physicians' Experiences with Review Panels in British Columbia: Social Work in Mental Health Vol 2(1) 2004, 71-89. Yoshizumi, Un., Seto, H., & Fuzibayashi, T. (2004). Crisis Intervention and Psychiatry: Focusing on the medical examination for involuntary hospitalization ordered by prefectural governor: Seishin Igaku (Clinical Psychiatry) Para. 46(6) Jun 2004, 591-598. Joven, J. L., Mills, M. J., & Sack, R. L. (1987). Civil commitment by conservatorship: The workings of California's law: Bulletin of the American Academy of Psychiatry & the Law Vol 15(2) 1987, 127-139. Joven, J. T., Bloom, J. D., Faulkner, L. R., rogers, J. L., & et al. (1987). Treatment refusal among forensic inpatients: Bulletin of the American Academy of Psychiatry & the Law Vol 15(1) 1987, 5-13. Joven, S. Un., Frierson, R. L., Dwyer, G., & Shah, Un. (2002). Commitment versus confinement: Therapeutic passes in the management of insanity acquittees: Revista de la Academia Estadounidense de Psiquiatría y Derecho Vol. 30(4) 2002, 563-567. Zahradnik, M. (1979). Psychotherapeutic aspects of forced hospitalization: Cesko-Slovenska Psychiatrie Vol 75(2) 1979, 135-139. Zakowska-Dabrowska, T., & Chlopocka-Wozniak, M. (1976). Escapes from the psychiatric wards: Psiquiatría polaca vol. 10(1) 1976, 51-56. Zaplac, T. K. (2000). Parents' reactions to two Pennsylvania commitment laws for minors: A procedural justice analysis. Resúmenes de disertación internacional: Sección B: Las Ciencias y la Ingeniería. Zeiler, J. (1986). Recalcitrant domestication: On the use and harm of treatment support: Zeitschrift fur Klinische Psychologie, Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie Vol 34(3) 1986, 271-279. Zeiss, R. Un., Tanke, E. D., Fenn, H. H., & Yesavage, J. Un. (1996). Dangerousness commitments: Indices of future violence potential? : Bulletin of the American Academy of Psychiatry & the Law Vol 24(2) 1996, 247-253. Zemishlany, Z., & Melamed, Y. (2006). Authors' Response: Israel Journal of Psychiatry and Related Sciences vol. 43(3) 2006, 158. Zemishlany, Z., & Melamed, Y. (2006). The Impossible Dialogue between Psychiatry and the Judicial System: A Language Problem: Israel Journal of Psychiatry and Related Sciences vol. 43(3) 2006, 150-158. Zito, J. M., Lentz, S. L., Routt, W. W., & Olson, G. W. (1984). The Treatment Review Panel: A solution to treatment refusal? : Bulletin of the American Academy of Psychiatry & the Law Vol 12(4) 1984, 349-358. Zonana, H. V., Bonnie, R. J., & Hoge, S. K. (2003). In the wake of Hendricks: The treatment and restraint of sexually dangerous offenders viewed from the perspective of American psychiatry. Washington, DC: Asociación Americana de Psicología. Zucker, Un., & Annarino, L. (1986). Department of law and ethics: Death Studies Vol 10(3) Mayo-Junio 1986, 301-304. Zusman, J. (1985). APA's model commitment law and the need for better mental health services: Hospital & Psiquiatría Comunitaria Vol 36(9) Sep 1985, 978-980. Zwerling, Yo. M., Conte, H. R., Plutchik, R., & Karasu, T. B. (1978). "No-commitment week": A feasibility study: Revista Americana de Psiquiatría Vol 135(10) Oct 1978, 1198-1201.  External links National Mental Health Consumers' Self-Help Clearinghouse The views of Lawrence Stevens, J.D. who opposes involuntary commitment Victorian legislation and parliamentary documents (Australia) - search using "mental health act" for the latest version of the act Mental health review board site (Victoria, Australia) - the official site of the MHRB Keys to Commitment (A Guide for Family Members) by Robert J. Kaplan, J.D. State-by-state chart of U.S. commitment laws Psychiatric Imprisonment in Oregon Rogers Law, concerning involuntary treatment/commitment in Massachusetts Comprehensive Journal Article Discussing Civil Commitment Law and Reform Regarding Sex Offenders National Resource Center on Psychiatric Advance Directives AlterNet: Movie Mix: Must-See Indy Film Exposes Cruel Teen Correction Programs. URL a la que se accede en 2007-07-08. Baker Act Reporting Center (related to Florida's Civil Commitment Statute) Esta página utiliza contenido con licencia Creative Commons de Wikipedia (ver autores).